Meningiomas: Expert Consult - Online and Print (Expert Consult Title: Online + Print)

Cover......Page 1
Front Matter......Page 2
ISBN    9781416056546......Page 4
Copyright
......Page 5
Dedication
......Page 6
Contributors
......Page 8
Preface
......Page 18
Videos
......Page 20
Nomenclature
......Page 24
Pathogenesis
......Page 25
Etiology
......Page 26
Surgical Resection
......Page 27
Commentary
......Page 29
References......Page 30
Mass Effect And Symptomatology
......Page 32
Introduction
......Page 448
Presentation
......Page 191
Cyberknife Radiosurgery
......Page 76
Overview of Dural Supply......Page 34
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor......Page 595
References
......Page 497
Ascending pharyngeal artery......Page 41
Maxillary artery......Page 46
Middle meningeal artery......Page 47
Accessory meningeal artery......Page 51
Tentorial arteries......Page 52
Inferolateral trunk......Page 57
Ethmoidal arteries......Page 58
Recurrent ophthalmic arteries......Page 61
Lacrimal branch......Page 62
Posterior meningeal artery......Page 63
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery......Page 65
Tentorial sinuses......Page 66
Superior petrosal sinuses......Page 68
Meningeal veins......Page 69
Neural Supply to the Cranial Dura Mater......Page 70
Radiotherapy Fractionation......Page 554
Introduction
......Page 74
Cytogenetics
......Page 75
Radiation
......Page 782
Pathology
......Page 338
Summary
......Page 783
Conclusions......Page 145
Lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma......Page 79
Inhibition of Angiogenesis......Page 694
Conclusion......Page 723
References......Page 80
Definitions
......Page 82
When the big one Hits
......Page 760
LINAC-SRS Results
......Page 604
Stereotactic Imaging
......Page 509
Dose Prescription
......Page 84
Atypical and malignant tumors......Page 85
Potential Long-Term Radiation-Related Complications......Page 430
Ionizing Radiation......Page 86
Other Molecular Targets......Page 88
Endogenous hormones......Page 89
Meningioma Angiogenesis
......Page 176
Exogenous hormones......Page 90
Genetic Epidemiology......Page 91
Genetic polymorphisms and gene-environment interactions......Page 92
Summary and Conclusions
......Page 93
References......Page 384
Radiation-Induced Meningiomas......Page 100
Clinical Diagnosis Of NF2
......Page 614
Molecular Mechanism and Cellular Endpoints......Page 103
Malignant Meningioma Cell Lines......Page 104
Gene Expression Profiling: Tissue Versus Cell Culture......Page 606
Incidence And Clinical Manifestations
......Page 105
Tumor Removal Steps......Page 272
Clinical Presentation......Page 106
Outcome and Radiotherapy......Page 412
The ephrin-B/Eph-B system......Page 172
Genetic Predisposition......Page 111
Atypical Meningiomas
......Page 404
Summary......Page 114
References......Page 115
Neuropathology of Meningiomas......Page 120
Introduction......Page 254
Tentorial Meningiomas
......Page 525
Management Strategies......Page 387
Keyhole Approach And Small Opening Of The Bone......Page 429
Immobilization Techniques for Proton Radiation Therapy......Page 122
Primary Radiosurgery......Page 656
Transitional meningioma......Page 123
Outcome Analysis
......Page 124
Mortality
......Page 125
Conclusion
......Page 126
WHO Grade II (Atypical) Meningioma......Page 128
Age and Medical Condition of the Patient......Page 304
Radiosurgery
......Page 129
WHO Grade III (Anaplastic, Malignant) Meningioma......Page 130
Increased mitotic rate......Page 131
Increased cellularity......Page 132
Necrosis......Page 133
Immunohistochemical Findings......Page 134
Cyto- and Molecular Genetics......Page 135
Hemangioblastomas......Page 136
References......Page 137
Introduction
......Page 142
Principles Of External Beam Radiotherapy
......Page 634
Complications And Nuances
......Page 553
Advantages Of The Petrosal Approach......Page 533
Location......Page 144
Diagnostic Studies
......Page 478
Outcome Of Surgery
......Page 483
Chemotherapy......Page 722
Choice Of Surgical Approach
......Page 323
Acknowledgments......Page 146
References......Page 697
Molecular Biology and Genetics of Meningiomas......Page 148
Introduction
......Page 490
CT Technology
......Page 168
Tumor Control And Predictive Factors
......Page 149
Dose Planning
......Page 319
The NF2 Gene and Its Transcripts and Protein Products
......Page 150
NF2 Mutations in Meningiomas and Their Consequences for Protein Function
......Page 151
Genes Involved in Progression and Atypical and Anaplastic Meningiomas
......Page 152
References......Page 153
Intraoperative Imaging
......Page 156
Introduction
......Page 540
Mechanism(s) and Quantification of Brain Edema
......Page 157
Hematogenous or Lymphatic Extracranial Metastasis......Page 752
Chemotherapy
......Page 566
Tumor Vascularization......Page 160
Natural Course Of The Disease
......Page 480
Spheno-orbital Meningiomas......Page 161
The Transsphenoidal and Transethmoidal Approaches......Page 401
Surgical Complications......Page 163
Proton Therapy in Atypical and Malignant Meningiomas......Page 676
References......Page 208
hTERT and Meningioma Cell Immortalization......Page 169
Technical Aspects of Radiotherapy......Page 635
Outcomes Of LINAC-FSRT For Meningiomas
......Page 528
The intussusceptive mode of angiogenesis......Page 170
Choosing the Optimal Approach......Page 171
High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound
......Page 599
Outcome
......Page 755
Examples of other regulators of angiogenesis......Page 173
Suprasellar Meningiomas......Page 440
Clinical Results Of External Beam Radiotherapy In Non-Benign Meningiomas
......Page 175
References......Page 179
Introduction
......Page 186
Planning of the Trajectory......Page 468
Seizure Management
......Page 194
References......Page 729
Introduction
......Page 198
Preoperative Evaluation
......Page 200
Pathology
......Page 526
Sphenoid Ridge (Wing) Meningiomas
......Page 202
Techniques......Page 205
Molecular Mechanisms of Invasion and Metastasis in Meningiomas......Page 237
Posterior Fossa Meningiomas
......Page 206
Stereotactic Radiotherapy......Page 638
CT Evaluation of Meningiomas......Page 212
Introduction
......Page 318
Clinical Presentation
......Page 557
Tumor Shape and Margins......Page 214
Imaging
......Page 608
Cross Compression and Balloon Occlusion Studies......Page 216
Toxicity of Fractionated Radiotherapy......Page 637
Bone changes in specific meningiomas......Page 219
Supraorbital ``Eyebrow´´ Craniotomy......Page 222
Outcome......Page 424
References......Page 538
History
......Page 228
Patient Selection
......Page 602
MRI Of The Dura Mater Related To Meningiomas
......Page 229
Hormone Receptors And Proliferation Indices......Page 582
Contrast Enhancement Of Meningiomas On MRI
......Page 230
LINAC-FSRT For Cavernous Sinus Meningiomas
......Page 233
Monitoring Complications......Page 768
Virus-Host Interactions......Page 437
Magnetic Resonance-Guided Focused Ultrasound......Page 244
Conclusion
......Page 250
Seismic Shifts
......Page 762
Presentation
......Page 257
Genetics......Page 494
References......Page 262
Angiographic Evaluation of Meningiomas......Page 264
Surgical Approaches For Middle Fossa Meningiomas
......Page 370
Frequency and Consequences of Recurrences
......Page 516
Grading and Rationale of Radicality......Page 715
Arterial Branches of the Vertebral Artery......Page 314
Surgical Treatment
......Page 270
References......Page 285
Automatic Tumor Growth Detection......Page 288
Cell Culture......Page 360
Clinical Manifestations
......Page 616
References......Page 292
Decision Making in Meningiomas......Page 296
CT in Intraoperative Imaging......Page 298
Distal Sylvan Approach......Page 587
Falx Meningiomas......Page 299
Follow-Up
......Page 423
Surgical Outcome in Different Anatomic Localizations......Page 300
Hormonal Therapies
......Page 303
Conclusion
......Page 306
References......Page 739
Perioperative Management of Patients with Meningiomas......Page 312
Introduction
......Page 550
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy
......Page 688
Limitations Of Srs For Meningiomas: Rationale For Fsrt Versus SRS
......Page 665
History
......Page 474
Cyberknife Radiosurgery For Perioptic Meningiomas
......Page 683
Closure and Postoperative Care......Page 519
Cyberknife Radiosurgery For Large Skull-Base Meningiomas
......Page 322
Systemic Venous Thromboembolism......Page 324
CSF Leak......Page 325
Hematoma......Page 326
Specific Skull Base Sites......Page 327
Conclusion
......Page 328
Introduction
......Page 332
Classification Of Sphenoid Meningiomas
......Page 346
Venous considerations in the subtemporal approach......Page 475
Diagnostic Workup
......Page 336
Surgical Treatment......Page 583
Conclusion
......Page 340
WHO Grade III......Page 341
References......Page 473
Parasagittal Meningiomas
......Page 347
Management Options
......Page 348
Immunotherapy/Immunogene Therapy Strategies......Page 704
Timing of Recurrence......Page 349
What Do We Recommend?......Page 350
Present Indications for SSS Reconstruction......Page 352
Falcine Meningiomas
......Page 353
References......Page 356
Preoperative Diagnosis......Page 361
Lateral Sphenoid Wing Meningiomas......Page 459
Conclusion
......Page 363
Interstitial Radiotherapy for Meningiomas......Page 364
Positioning......Page 438
Approach......Page 365
Tumor Excision......Page 366
Closure......Page 367
Extreme lateral approach......Page 368
Introduction
......Page 508
Definitions
......Page 371
Neurologic Function......Page 374
Comparing Resection vs. Radiosurgery......Page 657
References......Page 375
Dural Sinus Invasion in Meningiomas and Repair......Page 376
Patient Positioning and Anesthesia Considerations......Page 377
Postoperative care......Page 378
Zygomatic Infratemporal Approach......Page 496
Pathologic Correlates of Metastasis......Page 753
Morbidity
......Page 382
Conclusion
......Page 383
Management of Superior Sagittal Sinus Invasion in Parasagittal Meningiomas: Resection Versus Irradiation
......Page 386
Definition And Classification
......Page 394
Conclusions......Page 390
References......Page 505
Endocrine Testing And Ophthalmologic Examination
......Page 396
PI3K/Akt Pathway......Page 668
References......Page 405
Suprasellar Meningiomas......Page 408
Epidemiology
......Page 742
Decision Making In Multiple Meningiomas
......Page 409
Type C and Other Intrasellar Meningiomas......Page 410
Anterior Clinoidal Meningiomas......Page 416
Clues to Differentiate Anterior Clinoidal Meningiomas from Other Medial Sphenoidal Ring Meningiomas......Page 417
Surgical Technique
......Page 422
Surgical Results
......Page 461
Introduction
......Page 428
Cyberknife Radiosurgery For Spinal Meningiomas
......Page 543
Preoperative Neuroimaging......Page 544
Conclusion
......Page 431
Aftershocks Abound
......Page 434
Viral Therapies......Page 435
Results
......Page 436
Lessons Learned
......Page 471
Dural Opening and Initial Exposure......Page 439
Nasal Portion and Sphenoidotomy......Page 441
Sellar and Planum Exposure......Page 442
References......Page 576
Conclusions......Page 444
References......Page 445
Clinical Presentation......Page 453
Medial Sphenoid Wing Meningiomas......Page 460
Primary Optic Nerve Sheath Meningiomas......Page 466
Introduction
......Page 498
Biology of Meningiomas and Molecular Targets for Gene Therapy
......Page 708
Outcome and Surgery......Page 469
Outcome and Surgery (Personal Data)......Page 470
Summary
......Page 472
Pathology
......Page 476
Preoperative Assessment and Intraoperative Monitoring......Page 481
Recurrence
......Page 488
Challenges in the Development of Effective Medical Therapies for Meningiomas
......Page 672
Recurrences After Radiosurgery......Page 500
Tumor Resection......Page 510
Closure......Page 511
Surgical Results......Page 512
Exposure and Resection of the Pyramid......Page 517
Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) Kinase Pathway......Page 691
Outcomes
......Page 611
Petroclival Meningiomas: Suboccipital Retrosigmoid Approach......Page 524
Cell Lines And Animal Models......Page 770
Presigmoid Keyhole Approach for Petroclival Meningiomas......Page 532
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor......Page 690
Adverse Radiation Effect......Page 541
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
......Page 653
Cerebellar Convexity Meningiomas......Page 556
Radiologic Imaging
......Page 558
Clinical Experience With Proton Radiation Therapy
......Page 562
Foramen Magnum Meningiomas......Page 564
Conclusion
......Page 567
Choosing the Optimal Management Strategy......Page 569
Anterior transoral approach......Page 572
The far-lateral approach......Page 573
Outcome
......Page 575
Intraventricular Meningiomas......Page 580
Locations
......Page 607
Postoperative Management
......Page 588
References......Page 659
Introduction
......Page 590
Management Strategies
......Page 610
Preparation And Planning For Proton Therapy
......Page 673
References......Page 620
Multiple Meningiomas......Page 622
Introduction
......Page 678
Fsrt Versus EBRT
......Page 666
Cyberknife Radiosurgery For Intracranial Meningiomas
......Page 682
Timing of Radiotherapy......Page 636
Inhibition of Invasion......Page 695
Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma
......Page 639
Introduction
......Page 644
Management Strategy......Page 647
Author's Experience
......Page 648
Radiosurgery for Meningiomas (With Special Emphasis on Skull-Base Meningiomas)......Page 652
Biological Markers of Increased Recurrence Rates......Page 720
LINAC-Based Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Parasagittal, Skull-Base, and Convexity Meningiomas
......Page 662
References
......Page 669
Treatment Planning and Delivery for Proton Radiation Therapy......Page 674
Combined Photon-Proton Therapy......Page 675
Endovascular Therapy......Page 677
Srs Toxicity
......Page 680
In Vivo Gene Delivery Methods......Page 689
Introduction to Gene Therapy
......Page 702
What Has Been Achieved So Far?......Page 705
Experimental Meningioma Models and Gene Therapy Studies
......Page 709
References......Page 710
Recurrence of Meningiomas and Its Management......Page 714
WHO Grade II......Page 721
Treatment Of Recurrent Meningiomas
......Page 724
Radiotherapy......Page 725
Medical Treatment......Page 726
Conclusions
......Page 728
Incidence And Prevalence......Page 732
Basic And Translational Research
......Page 733
Brachytherapy......Page 738
Clinical Presentation
......Page 754
Conclusions
......Page 756
Emerging Surgical Techniques for the Treatment of Meningiomas......Page 766
Intraoperative MRI......Page 767
Summary
......Page 769
Mouse Modeling In Meningioma Preclinical And Translational Research......Page 774
Challenges and Opportunities in Future Meningioma Research and Care
......Page 780
Epidemiology
......Page 781
A
......Page 784
C
......Page 785
E
......Page 786
G
......Page 787
L
......Page 788
M
......Page 789
P
......Page 790
R
......Page 791
S
......Page 792
T
......Page 793
Z
......Page 794