Meningiomas of the skull base : treatment nuances in contemporary neurosurgery

Meningiomas of the Skull Base: Treatment Nuances in Contemporary Neurosurgery
 Title Page
 Copyright
 Dedication
 Contents
 Foreword
 Preface
 Contributors
 Abbreviations
 1 Introduction
 1.1 Essential \"\"Arrows\"\" in the Technical Quiver: Fragments of Personal Memoirs
 1.2 Imaging (1973)
 1.2.1 The Operating Microscope (1955)
 1.2.2 Modern Endoscopy (1974)
 1.2.3 Imaging Directed Stereotaxy and Navigation (1977)
 1.2.4 Bipolar Forceps (1955)
 1.2.5 Ultrasonic Aspirator (1978)
 1.2.6 Microanatomy (1973)
 2 The Evolution of Surgery-the Soul of Neurosurgery
 2.1 Introduction: Early History 2.2 Nomenclature2.3 Stages of Surgery for Meningiomas
 2.4 Initial Surgical Progress
 2.5 Extracranial Approaches to Skull Base Lesions
 2.6 Microneurosurgery
 2.7 Refined Skull Base Approaches and Anatomical Studies
 2.8 Allied Advances in Meningioma Management
 2.9 Modern Surgical Management
 References
 3 Inside the Pathology
 3.1 Skull Base: Elements of Anatomy and Embryology
 3.2 Surgical Resectability
 3.3 Meningiomas
 3.3.1 Definition and Epidemiology
 3.3.2 Histopathology
 3.3.3 Immunohistochemistry
 3.3.4 Molecular Features
 3.3.5 Prognostic Factors 3.4 Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma3.5 Meningiomas of the Skull Base
 3.5.1 Skull Base Meningiomas in Pediatric Age
 3.6 Future Perspectives
 References
 4 Exogenous Factors Affecting Meningiomas
 4.1 Introduction
 4.2 Ionizing Radiation
 4.3 Exogenous Hormones
 4.3.1 Link between Cyproterone Acetate and Meningiomas
 4.4 Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields
 4.5 Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity
 4.6 Occupational Exposures
 4.7 Smoking
 4.8 Immunity
 4.9 Trauma
 4.10 Conclusion
 References
 5 Instrumentation (Micro, Endo, IGS, MRI Application)
 5.1 Introduction 5.2 The Role of the Microscopy in Skull Base Surgery5.2.1 Positioning
 5.2.2 Operating Microscope
 5.2.3 Microsurgical Instruments and Techniques
 5.3 Endoscopy
 5.3.1 Introduction
 5.3.2 The Endoscope
 5.3.3 Pure Endoscopic Approaches
 5.3.4 Endoscope-Assisted Microneurosurgery
 5.4 Image-Guided Surgery
 5.5 Reconstruction Materials
 5.5.1 Duraplasty and Hemostasis
 References
 6 Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Monitoring during Surgery
 6.1 Introduction
 6.2 Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Monitoring Techniques
 6.2.1 Mapping Techniques to Identify Cranial Motor Nerves 6.2.2 Monitoring Techniques6.2.3 Anesthetic Considerations
 6.3 Clinical Application in Skull Base Surgery
 6.3.1 IONM for Sellar and Cavernous Sinus Surgery
 6.3.2 IONM for Cerebellopontine Angle Surgery
 6.3.3 IONM for Jugular Foramen-Clival and Foramen Magnum Surgery
 6.4 IONM Changes and Surgical Strategy
 6.5 Conclusions
 References
 7 Role of Stereotactic Radiosurgery
 7.1 Introduction
 7.2 Radiobiology of Skull Base Meningiomas
 7.3 Outcomes of Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Skull Base Meningiomas
 7.3.1 Radiological Response
 7.3.2 Cranial Neuropathy
 7.3.3 Brainstem Toxicity