Melatonin in Plants: Role in Plant Growth, Development, and Stress Response (Plant Life and Environment Dynamics)

Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
Editors and Contributors
Chapter 1: Phytomelatonin: History, Biosynthesis, and Functions
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 History of Phytomelatonin Discovery and Major Findings
		1.2.1 Melatonin Discovery in Plants (Phytomelatonin)
			1.2.1.1 Major Studies and Breakthroughs Related to Phytomelatonin
	1.3 Biosynthesis of Phytomelatonin
	1.4 Functions of Phytomelatonin
		1.4.1 Impact of Phytomelatonin on Plant Growth
		1.4.2 Impact of Phytomelatonin on Seed Germination and Plant Performance
		1.4.3 Impact of Phytomelatonin on Photosynthetic Efficiency of Plants
		1.4.4 Impact of Phytomelatonin on Antioxidant Defense System
		1.4.5 Impact of Phytomelatonin on Plant Hormones Interaction
		1.4.6 Impact Phytomelatonin on Primary and Secondary Metabolism of Plants
	1.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 2: Melatonin: A Critical Regulator of Plant Growth and Development
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Biosynthesis of Melatonin
	2.3 Melatonin Mediated Plant Growth and Development
		2.3.1 Plant Growth and Biomass
		2.3.2 Photosynthetic Activity
		2.3.3 Leaf Senescence and Fruit Maturation
	2.4 Melatonin Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants
		2.4.1 Melatonin Crosstalk and Interaction with Other Plant Growth Regulators
		2.4.2 Melatonin Crosstalk and Interaction with Gasotransmitters
	2.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 3: Regulation of Photosynthesis by Melatonin Under Optimal and Suboptimal Conditions
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Role of Melatonin in Plants
	3.3 Role of Melatonin on Photosynthesis Under Normal Conditions
	3.4 Effect of Melatonin on Photosynthesis Under Stressed Conditions
		3.4.1 Under Drought Stress
		3.4.2 Under Salt Stress
		3.4.3 Under Heavy Metal Stress
	3.5 Mechanism of Action
	3.6 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 4: Melatonin and Its Crosstalk with Other Plant Hormones Under Stressful Environments
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Interplay Between Melatonin and Other Phytohormones, and the Underlying Signaling Events
		4.2.1 Auxin and Melatonin
		4.2.2 Gibberellic Acid and Melatonin
		4.2.3 Cytokinin and Melatonin
		4.2.4 Abscisic Acid and Melatonin
		4.2.5 Ethylene and Melatonin
		4.2.6 Jasmonic Acid and Melatonin
		4.2.7 Salicylic Acid and Melatonin
	4.3 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 5: Interaction Between Melatonin and Other Signaling Molecules in Plants
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Melatonin and Plant Hormones
		5.2.1 Melatonin and Auxin
		5.2.2 Melatonin and CKs
		5.2.3 Melatonin, ABA, and GA
		5.2.4 Melatonin and ETH
		5.2.5 Melatonin, JA and SA
	5.3 Melatonin and Second Messengers
		5.3.1 Melatonin and Ca2+ Signal
		5.3.2 Melatonin and ROS
		5.3.3 Melatonin and NO
		5.3.4 Melatonin and H2S
	5.4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
	References
Chapter 6: Melatonin in Safeguarding Plants from High Light and UV Exposure
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Biosynthesis and Utilization
	6.3 Melatonin Under Light Stress
	6.4 Melatonin and Photosynthesis
	6.5 ROS Regulation and Control
	6.6 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 7: Melatonin in Plant Tolerance to Drought Stress: Physiological and Molecular Interventions
	7.1 Drought Stress
	7.2 Melatonin in Plants: A Versatile Antioxidant
	7.3 Role of Melatonin in Plants Subjected to Drought Stress: Physiological Responses
	7.4 Melatonin-Mediated Tolerance to Drought Stresses Plants: Molecular Mechanism
	7.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 8: Effect of Melatonin in Regulating Salt Stress Responses in Plants
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Production of Endogenous Melatonin
	8.3 Biosynthesis and Regulation of Melatonin in Plants
	8.4 Accumulation of Melatonin in Response to Stress
	8.5 Application of Various Mode of Exogenous Melatonin for Conferring Better Salt Stress Tolerance in Plants
		8.5.1 Seed Soaking
		8.5.2 Seed Priming
		8.5.3 Growth Medium
		8.5.4 Hydroponic Treatment
		8.5.5 Irrigation with Water
		8.5.6 Spraying Method
	8.6 Various Functions of Exogenous Melatonin Under Salt Stress
		8.6.1 Regulation of Growth and Development
		8.6.2 Regulation of Photosynthesis Under Salt Stress
		8.6.3 Regulation of Transcription Factors Under Salt Stress
		8.6.4 Regulation of Ion Homeostasis and Their Compartmentalization
		8.6.5 Regulation of Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants During Salt Stress
		8.6.6 Melatonin Metabolism-Related Genes and Their Expression in Plants Under Salt Stress
	8.7 Cross-Talk of Melatonin with Other Phytohormones
	8.8 Effect of Melatonin on Plant Proteome During Salt Stress
	8.9 Effect of Melatonin on Transcriptomics During Salinity
	8.10 Conclusion and Future Prospects
	References
Chapter 9: Melatonin and Cold Tolerance in Plants
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Effect of Cold Stress on Melatonin Synthesis and Catabolism
	9.3 Melatonin and Plant Response to Cold
	9.4 Melatonin Signal Transduction Under Cold Stress
	9.5 Melatonin-Induced Gene Expression Under Cold Stress
	9.6 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 10: Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of Melatonin-Induced Tolerance to Heavy Metal Stress
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Phytomelatonin Content Under Heavy Metal Stress
	10.3 Mechanism of Melatonin Action in Alleviating Heavy Metal Stress in Plants
		10.3.1 Melatonin-Induced Heavy Metal Chelation and Vacuolar Sequestration
		10.3.2 Promotion of Photosynthesis and Protection of Plant Photosystems
		10.3.3 Melatonin Strengthens the Antioxidant System in Plants Under Stress
		10.3.4 Melatonin Promotes Plant Growth Under Heavy Metal Stress
		10.3.5 Melatonin-Induced Regulation of Genes Associated with Stress Resistance
	10.4 Conclusions and Perspectives
	References
Chapter 11: Melatonin Biology in Plants Under Biotic Stress: Physiological and Molecular Aspects
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Melatonin Promotes Plant Tolerance to Biotic Stress
	11.3 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS), and Antioxidative Defense in Melatonin-Induced Biotic Str...
	11.4 Melatonin Stimulates Plant Secondary Metabolism to Enhance Biotic Stress Tolerance
	11.5 Melatonin Crosstalk with Other Hormones to Confer Biotic Stress Tolerance
	11.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
	References
Chapter 12: Role of Melatonin on Post-Harvest Physiology of Crops
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Melatonin in Crops and Post-Harvest
		12.2.1 Melatonin Synthesis During Post-Harvest
	12.3 Ripening and Senescence
	12.4 Melatonin and Post-Harvest Diseases
	12.5 Melatonin and Post-Harvest Chilling Injury
	12.6 Melatonin and Post-Harvest Nutritional Quality
	12.7 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 13: Advances in Tools and Techniques to Quantify Melatonin in Plants and Foodstuff
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Chromatographic Techniques
		13.2.1 Liquid Chromatography (LC) Techniques
		13.2.2 Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) Techniques
		13.2.3 Capillary Electrophoresis (CE)
	13.3 Spectrofluorimetry
	13.4 Immunological Assay
		13.4.1 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
		13.4.2 Radioimmunoassay (RIA)
	13.5 Chemiluminescence (CL)
	13.6 Electrochemical Methods
	13.7 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
	References