Mechanisms of Plant Defense Responses

Front Matter....Pages i-xix
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
An Overview of Active Disease Defense in Plants....Pages 3-11
Genetic Approaches to an Understanding of Specific Resistance Responses of Arabidopsis Thaliana Against Phytopathogenic Pseudomonads....Pages 12-23
Avirulence Genes of the Tomato Pathogen Cladosporium Fulvum and their Exploitation in Molecular Breeding for Disease-Resistant Plants....Pages 24-32
Reverse Genetics as an Approach to Isolate a French Bean Resistance Gene Against Anthracnose....Pages 33-36
Repetitive Motifs in the avrBs3 Avirulence Gene Family Determine Specificity of Resistance to Xanthomonas Campestris pv. Vesicatoria ....Pages 37-40
Reciprocal Induction of Repeated DNA Amplification in an in vitro Host-Parasite System ( Lycopersicon aesculentum - Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici )....Pages 41-44
Functional Analysis of the MLG Resistance Locus in Barley....Pages 45-48
Genetic Study of Host-Parasite Relationship in the Oryza Sativa-Magnaporthe Grisea Pathosystem....Pages 49-49
Characterisation and Mapping of Bacterial Wilt Resistance Genes....Pages 50-50
Front Matter....Pages 51-51
Bacterial Genes Required for Pathogenicity: Interactions between Xanthomonas and Crucifers....Pages 53-63
The Interaction between Fungal Endopolygalacturonase and Plant Cell Wall Pgip (Polygalacturonase-Inhibiting Protein)....Pages 64-67
A Protein from Apple Leaves Inhibits Pectinolytic Activity of Venturia Inaequalis in Vitro ....Pages 68-71
Expression of Erwinia Chrysanthemi Pectinase Genes During Infection of Potato Tuber....Pages 72-75
Purification and Characterisation of Pectin Lyase from Erwinia Carotovora Subsp. Atroseptica Strain Scri 1043....Pages 76-78
Cloning of the Pectic Lyase Gene of Pseudomonas marginalis ....Pages 79-79
Regulation of Polygalacturonases of Botrytis Cinerea ....Pages 80-80
Purification and Characterisation of Pectinmethyl-Esterase Produced by Botrytis Cinerea . Serological Comparison with Pectinmethylesterase from Erwinia Chrysanthemi and Glycine Max ....Pages 81-81
Cell-Wall Degrading Enzymes Synthesized by the Obligate Pathogen Bremia Lactucae....Pages 82-82
Purification and Immunological Characterization of Chitin Deacetylase from the Cucumber Pathogen Colletotrichum Lagenarium ....Pages 83-83
The Significance of Stilbene-Type Phytoalexin Degradation by Culture Filtrates of Botrytis Cinerea in the Vine- Botrytis Interaction....Pages 84-84
Front Matter....Pages 51-51
Is Lipase Involved in the Penetration of Botrytis Cinerea ?....Pages 85-85
Temperature Dependent Hypersensitivity Reaction to Melampsora Epitea in Certain Willow Clones ( Salix Viminalis ) Used in Short Rotation Forestry....Pages 86-86
Structure and Mode of Action of Suppressors, Pathogenicity Factors of Pea Pathogen, Mycosphaerella Pinodes ....Pages 87-87
Specificity of the Downy Mildew Pathogen Peronospora Parasitica on Crucifer Hosts....Pages 88-88
An in Vitro Pathogenicity Model-System to Study the Molecular Basis of the Rhizoctonia Solani Infection Process....Pages 89-89
Rhizosphere Fungi as Factors of Root Resistance....Pages 90-90
Host Specificity Within Pseudomonas Syringae Species Characterized by Electrolyte Leakage from Plant Tissues....Pages 91-91
Role of EPS in the Interaction of Erwinia Amylovora with Plant Tissues in Compatible and Incompatible Situations....Pages 92-92
Biochemical Analysis of the Cell-to-Cell Movement Protein of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV)....Pages 93-93
Role of Bromovirus 3A Protein in Virus Transport and Relation with Host Range Specificity....Pages 94-94
Strategies of Expression of Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus in Vivo : Developmental Approach for the Study of the Autocatalytic Cleavage of the 206k Polyprotein....Pages 95-95
Front Matter....Pages 97-97
Oligosaccharide Elicitors: Structures and Recognition....Pages 99-116
Enhancement of ß-Glucan and Hepta-ß-Glucoside Elicitor Activity in Soybean by Protein Kinase Inhibitor K-252A....Pages 117-120
Proteinaceous Elicitors of Plant Defense Responses....Pages 121-135
Relationships between the Structure, the Movement and the Toxicity of α and β Elicitins Secreted by Phytophthora sp.....Pages 136-139
Two Proteins Secreted by Phytophthora Megasperma Elicit Necrosis and Defence-Related Responses in Tobacco....Pages 140-143
Characterization of a Glycoprotein Elicitor from Phytophthora Megasperma ....Pages 144-147
Detection of Rapid and Transient Generation of Activated Oxygen and Phospholipid Hydroperoxide in Soybean after Treatment with Fungal Elicitor by Chemiluminescence Assay....Pages 148-151
Mode of Signal Transduction in the Wheat/Rust-System....Pages 152-155
Involvement of Ethylene in the Induction of Systemic Acquired Resistance in Tobacco....Pages 156-159
Front Matter....Pages 97-97
Polyamines in Plant Pathogenic Signaling....Pages 160-164
Phosphorylated Proteins Are Involved in Tobacco Cell Early Responses to Cryptogein....Pages 165-165
Plant Defense Elicitor Protein Produced by Erwinia Chrysanthemi....Pages 166-166
Necrogenic Activity of a Fusarium Elicitor Toward in Vitro Carnation Cells....Pages 167-167
Elicitors of Induced Resistance in Barley....Pages 168-168
Hydraulic Signals: A New Mechanism for Rapid Systemic Induction of Defence Responses....Pages 169-169
Effects of Elicitors on Tobacco Cell Plasmamembrane Properties : Potential Role of Cytosolic Acidification in the Transduction of Elicitor Signals ?....Pages 170-170
Investigations of surface properties of barley epidermal protoplasts for studies of recognition phenomena with Erysiphe graminis ....Pages 171-171
Phytoalexin Production by Carnation in Response to a Crude Cell Wall Preparation of Fusarium Oxysporum f.sp. Dianthi Race 2....Pages 172-172
Scoparone Elicitors Released Upon Fosetyl-Al Treatment of Phytophthora Citrophthora Mycelium Protect Citrus Leaves Against Subsequent Infection by this Fungus....Pages 173-173
 In vitro selection for salt tolerance in rice ( Oryza sativa L) : the possible involvement of ethylene....Pages 174-174
Elicitation of Glyceollin Synthesis in Cultured Soybean Cells Containing 9β,19-Cyclopropylsterols....Pages 175-175
Is Sulfhydryl Oxidation Involved in the Signaling System Leading to the Activation of Glyceollin Synthesis in Soybean ?....Pages 176-176
Studies on the Induction of Chitinase and Disease Resistance in Cucumber Plants....Pages 177-177
Role of Ethylene in the Differential Induction of Acidic, Neutral and Basic Chitinases in Pericarps of Irradiated Cherry-Tomato Fruits....Pages 178-178
Elicitation of β-1,3-Glucanase in Bean Seedlings by Endopolygalacturonase of Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ....Pages 179-179
Elicitation of H 2 O 2 -Production in Cucumber Hypocotyl Segments by Oligo-1,4-α-D-Galacturonides and Oligo-β-Glucans....Pages 180-180
Production of Cell-Wall Polysaccharide-Degrading Enzymes by Mycocentrospora Acerina , a Post-Harvest Pathogen of Carrot....Pages 181-181
Investigations about the Chemical Nature and the Mode of Action of the Resistance Inducing Ingredients from Reynoutria Sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai....Pages 182-182
Front Matter....Pages 183-183
Induction, Modification, and Reception of the Salicylic Acid Signal in Plant Defense....Pages 185-195
Front Matter....Pages 183-183
Systemin, a Polypeptide Signal for Proteinase Inhibitor Gene Expression in Plants....Pages 196-201
Lipoxygenases in Plant Signalling....Pages 202-210
Lipoxygenase in Plant Disease....Pages 211-220
Spatio-Temporal Regulation of Defence Genes: Immunocytochemistry....Pages 221-235
Expression Patterns of Defense-Related Genes in Infected and Uninfected Plants....Pages 236-249
Stimulus-Dependent Oxidative Cross-Linking of a Proline-Rich Plant Cell Wall Protein: A Novel, Rapid Defense Response and Control Point in Cellular Maturation....Pages 250-256
Phytoalexin Biosynthesis: Stilbene Synthase and Co-Action of a Reductase with Chalcone Synthase....Pages 257-267
Expression of PR Protein Genes in Response to Virus Infection and Other Stress Conditions....Pages 268-275
Plant Genes Induced by Chemicals and Pollutants....Pages 276-285
Plant Defense Reactions Induced in Tobacco by the Air Pollutant Ozone....Pages 286-290
Molecular Cloning and Expression of an Inhibitor of Microbial Proteinases Induced During the Hypersensitive Reaction of Tobacco to TMV....Pages 291-294
The Dark Inducible Proteinase Inhibitor in Nicotiana Tabacum cv. Samsun NN is Negatively Regulated by Sucrose....Pages 295-296
Biochemical and Molecular Characterisation of Differentially Induced 1,3-ß-Glucanases in Arabidopsis Thaliana ....Pages 297-303
cDNA Cloning and Characterization of mRNAs Induced in Barley by the Fungal Pathogen, Erysiphe Graminis ....Pages 304-307
Defence-Related Gene Expression in Barley Coleoptile Cells Following Infection by Septoria Nodorum ....Pages 308-311
cDNA Cloning and Expression Studies of Tobacco Class III Chitinase-Lysozymes....Pages 312-315
Defense Reactions Associated to Host-Nonspecific and Host-Specific Interactions in the Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum )- Fusarium oxysporum Pathosystem....Pages 316-319
Phytoalexin Biosynthesis in Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.). cDNA Cloning and Regulation of NADPH : Isoflavone Oxidoreductase (IFR)....Pages 320-323
Effects of PAL and CAD Inhibition on Powdery Mildew Resistance Phenomena in Cereals....Pages 324-327
cDNA Cloning and Tissue-Specific Expression of the Lignification-Related O — Methyltransferase I in Healthy and TMV-Infected Tobacco....Pages 328-331
Front Matter....Pages 183-183
Structure of Barley Peroxidases....Pages 332-335
Study of Tomato Genes Affected by Infection with the Nematode Meloidogyne Incognita ....Pages 336-339
Gene Expression During a Plant-Nematode Interaction....Pages 340-343
Identification of Root Knot Nematode-Resistant Mutants in Arabidopsis Thaliana ....Pages 344-348
Lipoxygenase in Phaseolus Vulgaris Development....Pages 349-349
Expression of a Novel Lipoxygenase Gene is Involved in Plant Defense Against Rice Blast Disease....Pages 350-350
Effect of Jasmonic Acid on the Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) /Powdery Mildew ( Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei ) Interaction....Pages 351-351
Gene Expression at Sites of Wounding, Pathogen Invasion & Phenylpropanoid Synthesis in Monocots and Dicots....Pages 352-352
Defence Proteins of Clover....Pages 353-353
Molecular Characterization of Lignin Biosynthesis Genes in Poplar....Pages 354-354
Lignification: A Defense Reaction of Trees to Root Rotting Fungi....Pages 355-355
Analysis of Peroxidase Gene Expression in an Hypersensitive Response Induced by Pathogenic Bacteria on Alfalfa....Pages 356-356
Lignin Deposition and Its Role in Restriction of the Penetration of Didymella Applanata in Red Raspberry Canes....Pages 357-357
Potato Resistance to Soft Rot Erwinias is Related to Cell Wall Pectin Esterification Level....Pages 358-358
Induction of Defence Responses in Alfalfa ( Medicago Sativa ) Cell Lines by Isolates of Verticillium Alboatrum Differing in Host Specificity....Pages 359-359
Purification. Characterization and Differential Hormonal Regulation of One β-1,3-Glucanase and Two Chitinases from Chickpea ( Cicer Arietinum )....Pages 360-360
Pathogenesis-Related Proteins in Brassica ....Pages 361-361
Partial Purification and Characterization of Three Extracellular (1→3)-β-Glucanases Induced Upon Infection of Groundnut Leaves with Cercospora Arachidicola ....Pages 362-362
Pathogenesis-Related (PR) Proteins Induced in Sunflower Leaves by Aspirin....Pages 363-363
Proteinase Inhibitors in Tobacco are Induced by Cutting, but Not by Crushing as in Tomato, Via a Systemin-Independent Signalling Pathway....Pages 364-364
Front Matter....Pages 183-183
Molecular Characterization of Genes for Acidic PR-1 Proteins from Tobacco....Pages 365-365
Induction of PR-Proteins in Germinating Maize Seeds in Response to Fungal Infection....Pages 366-366
Temporal and Spatial Expression of Chitinases and 1,3-ß-Glucanases in the Cladosporium Fulvum /Tomato Interaction....Pages 367-367
Comparison of Defense Responses Induced by Different Races of Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum in Bean Susceptible or Resistant NILs....Pages 368-368
Cold-Induced Disease Resistance....Pages 369-369
The Defence System of the Protoplasts and their Capability to Promote the Re-Entry into the Cell-Cycle....Pages 370-370
Responses of Carnation Callus Cultures to Inoculation with F . Oxysporum f.sp. Dianthi and a Non Pathogenic Fungus....Pages 371-371
Host-Pathogen Interaction in Roots of Norway Spruce....Pages 372-372
Expression of the PR-b1″ Gene in Roots of Two Nicotiana Species and their Amphidiploid Hybrid Infected with Virulent and Avirulent Races of Chalara Elegans ....Pages 373-373
Cytochemical Studies of Some Wall Compounds During the Interaction between Tobacco Roots and Chalara Elegans ....Pages 374-374
Induction and Characterization of the Hypersensitive Reaction in Arabidopsis Thaliana L. in Response to a Pathogen Xanthomonas Campestris pv. Campestris and a Chemical Elicitor Lead Nitrate....Pages 375-375
Plant Responses to Parasitic Nematodes: Interaction between Tomato and Root-Knot Nematodes....Pages 376-376
Induction or Enhancement of Competence for Active Defense by Genes Involved in the Synthesis of Phytohormones from Agrobacterium tumefaciens in Transgenic Tomato Cells Susceptible or Resistant to Fusarium ....Pages 377-377
Comparative Defense Reactions in Dutch Elm Disease-Infected Trees, and in Fusarium Wilt-Infected Carnations....Pages 378-378
Host-Parasite Interactions ( Platanus Acerifolia Willt – Ceratocystis Fimbriata F. Sp. Platani [E. and H.] Walter). Vascular Reactions Related to Host Defense....Pages 379-379
Comparison of Eucalyptus Root Chitinase Patterns Following Inoculation, by Ectomycorrhizal or Pathogenic Fungi in Vitro ....Pages 380-380
Phytoalexins and Associated Isoflavonoids in Plant-AM Fungus-Rhizobia Interactions....Pages 381-381
Tissue-Specific and Defense-Related Expression of a Bean Malic Enzyme Gene Promoter-GUS Fusion in Transgenic Tobacco....Pages 382-382
Resistance Induction in Barley and the Influence on Genomic DNA Methylation....Pages 383-383
Pathogenic Variability of Verticillium Dahliae on Cotton; Use of Virulence Stable Hyalin Clones to Investigate Host Reactions....Pages 384-384
Front Matter....Pages 183-183
Resistance Factors of Cultivated and Wild Sunflowers to Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ....Pages 385-385
Engineered Resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus, a Negative-Strand RNA Virus....Pages 386-386
Enzymatic Characterization of ß-1,3- Glucanases and Chitinases Induced by TMV and PMMV-S in Pepper Plants....Pages 387-387
Front Matter....Pages 389-389
Antimicrobial Functions of the Plant Hydrolases, Chitinase and ß-1,3-Glucanase....Pages 391-400
 In Vitro Anti-Microbial Activities of Defense Proteins and Biotechnology....Pages 401-410
Chitinases and Plant Protection....Pages 411-421
The Molecular Biology of Systemic Acquired Resistance....Pages 422-432
 Mirabilis Jalapa Antibacterial Peptides and Raphanus Sativus Antifungal Proteins: A Comparative Study of their Structure and Biological Activities....Pages 433-436
Antibacterial Resistance of Transgenic Potato Plants Producing T4 Lysozyme....Pages 437-440
Post-Transcriptional Suppression of ß-1,3-Glucanase Expression in Transgenic Tobacco Plants....Pages 441-445
Expression of a Ribosome Inhibiting Protein (RIP) or a Bacterial Chitinase Leads to Fungal Resistance in Transgenic Plants....Pages 446-448
Genetic Transformation of Nicotiana Benthamiana with Chitinase and ß-1,3-Glucanase Genes from Beta Vulgaris (Sugar Beet)....Pages 449-449
Antifungal Activity of Native and Recombinant Tomato P14 Proteins....Pages 450-450
Characterization of oxalate oxidase : a plant enzyme capable of degrading the major phytotoxin produced by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ....Pages 451-451
Assessment of the Potential to use Phytoalexin Elicitors as a Crop Protectant....Pages 452-452
Pseudomonas-Induced Resistance in Carnation Against Fusarium Wilt....Pages 453-453
Cloning, Expression and Antifungal Activity of Serratia Marcescens Chitinase Gene in Rhizobium Meliloti ....Pages 454-454
Antiviral Properties of Lichenan (ß{1–3,1–4}D-Glucan) in Tobacco....Pages 455-455
Front Matter....Pages 457-457
A New Disease Reaction Type in Dual Culture of Plasmopara Viticola and in Vitro Plantlets of Grapevines ( Vitis SP.)....Pages 459-459
Genetic Basis of Resistance to Dicarboximide, Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Benzimidazole Fungicides in Botryotinia Fuckeuana ( Botrytis Cinerea )....Pages 460-460
Front Matter....Pages 457-457
Biosynthesis of Melanin by Pyricularia Oryzae. Inhibition by Systemic Fungicides....Pages 461-461
An Immunoenzymatic Staining Procedure for Filamentous Non-Inflated Sporangia Pythium in Soilless Cultures....Pages 462-462
Biocontrol Potential and Characterization of Inter-Strain Hybrids Obtained by Protoplast Fusion from Antagonistic Fusarium Oxysporum ....Pages 463-463
Molecular Techniques for Characterisation of Seedborne Pathogens....Pages 464-464
Study of Intraspecific Variability of Phytophthora Parasitica Based on Mitochondrial DNA Markers....Pages 465-465
Infection can be Detected and Quantified by Lipidic Markers of the Host and Parasite....Pages 466-466
Ascomycetes Resistance to Phosphonate....Pages 467-467
The Effect of Different Immunisation Schedules on the Specificity of Rabbit Polyclonal Antibodies to Potato Cyst Nematode....Pages 468-468
Biological Control of Mushroom Bacterial Blotch with Bacteriophages....Pages 469-469
Back Matter....Pages 471-481