Measurement of Residual and Applied Stress Using Neutron Diffraction

Front Matter....Pages i-xviii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Neutron Diffraction Measurement of Residual Stress Fields: Overview and Points for Discussion....Pages 3-18
Front Matter....Pages 19-19
Role of Neutron Diffraction in Engineering Stress Analysis....Pages 21-35
Application of X-Ray Residual Stress Measurements in Industrial R&D....Pages 37-50
The Theory of Stress/Strain Analysis with Diffraction....Pages 51-65
The Calculation of Residual Stress....Pages 67-91
Comparison Between Finite Element Calculations and Neutron Diffraction Measurements of Residual Stress in a Diametrically Compressed Ring....Pages 93-112
Front Matter....Pages 113-113
Macrostresses, Microstresses and Stress Tensors....Pages 115-130
Separation of Microstresses and Macrostresses....Pages 131-145
The Effects of Crystalline Anisotropy on the Elastic Response of Materials....Pages 147-158
Investigation of Large Grained Samples — Principles....Pages 159-170
The Plastic Regime, Including Anisotropy Effects....Pages 171-187
Grain Interaction Stresses....Pages 189-203
Relaxation....Pages 205-222
Interpretation of Residual Stress Measurements: Summary of Discussion Session....Pages 223-231
Front Matter....Pages 233-233
Spatial Resolution and Strain Scanning....Pages 235-251
Strain Tensor Measurements by Neutron Diffraction....Pages 253-261
Investigations of Large Grained Samples — Examples....Pages 263-276
The Stress-Free Reference Sample: Alloy Composition Information from Neutron Capture....Pages 277-284
The Precision of Peak Position Determination in Diffraction Measurements of Stress....Pages 285-296
Errors in Analysis....Pages 297-297
Front Matter....Pages 299-299
Optimized Geometry for a Stress Measurement Two-Axis Diffractometer at a Reactor....Pages 301-311
Implementation and Application of a PSD Set-Up for Neutron Diffraction Strain Measurements....Pages 313-327
Reverse Time-of-Flight Fourier Technique for Strain Measurements....Pages 329-334
The Alignment of Instrumentation and the Positioning of Specimens for Stress Measurements by Means of Neutron Diffraction....Pages 335-346
Proposal for a Neutron Strain Measurement Apparatus....Pages 347-352
Microbeam Techniques in Diffraction: A Theoretical Treatment....Pages 353-353
Summary of the Panel Discussion on Instrumentation at Steady State Sources....Pages 355-359
Residual and Applied Stress Measurements at IPNS....Pages 363-367
Residual Stress Measurement using the Pulsed Neutron Source at Lansce....Pages 369-382
Stress Measurement: Experience at ISIS....Pages 383-388
Transmission Bragg-Edge Measurements....Pages 389-394
MACS, The Manipulation and Collimation System on the NPD at LANSCE....Pages 395-400
The Design of a Pulsed Source Instrument: Summary of Discussion Session....Pages 401-402
Front Matter....Pages 403-403
Stress Measurements in Composites using Neutron Diffraction....Pages 405-420
Theory and Modelling of Composites....Pages 421-437
Application of Neutron Diffraction Time-of-Flight Measurements to the Study of Strain in Composites....Pages 439-450
Deformation Analysis in Mixed Composites....Pages 451-459
Surface and Near-Surface Analysis of Residual Stresses in Aluminium and Titanium Alloys — Examples of the Case for X-Ray Diffraction....Pages 461-471
Residual Stresses in Brazed Ceramic-Metal Compounds....Pages 473-477
Front Matter....Pages 479-479
Residual Stress Distribution in Cracked Autofrettaged Tubing....Pages 481-492
Front Matter....Pages 479-479
Measurement of Stresses in Metal Adhesive Joints....Pages 493-501
Residual Stress Measurements in Armament-Related Components....Pages 503-516
Problems with Railway Rails....Pages 517-524
Neutron Measurements of Residual Strain in some Technological Materials and Components....Pages 525-534
Development of the Neutron Diffraction Technique for the Determination of Near Surface Residual Stresses in Critical Gas Turbine Components....Pages 535-543
Residual Stresses at Cold Expanded Fastener Holes....Pages 545-553
Neutron and X-Ray Diffraction Residual Stress Measurements on Power Generation Turbine Blades: Comparison with Finite Element Analysis....Pages 555-555
Front Matter....Pages 557-557
Calibration of Portable NDE Techniques for Residual Stress Measurement....Pages 559-571
Triaxial Analysis of Residual Stress Fields in Metallic Plates....Pages 573-573
Pitfalls of Layer Removal Techniques in X-Ray Residual Stress Measurements....Pages 575-575
Neutrons Versus X-Rays....Pages 577-580
Back Matter....Pages 581-588