Mathematical Modelling of Heat Transfer Performance of Heat Exchanger using Nanofluids

Cover
Half Title
Title
Copyright
Contents
Preface
Author Bios
1 Nanofluids
	1.1 Nanotechnology
	1.2 Nanomaterials
	1.3 Application of Nanomaterials
	1.4 Nanofluids
	1.5 Compact Heat Exchangers
	1.6 Heat Transfer Enhancement through Nanofluids
	1.7 Improvement in Heat Exchanger Performance
	1.8 Application of Nanofluid in Cooling Systems
	1.9 Mathematical Modelling
2 Concept of Experimental Data-Based Modelling
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Nanofluid for Heat Transfer
	2.3 Brief Methodology of Theory of Experimentation
	2.4 Methods of Experimentation
3 Design of Experimentation
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Design of Experimentation – Methodical Approach
	3.3 Experimental Setup and Procedure
	3.4 Two-Wire Method: Experimental Procedure
	3.5 Radiator as a Heat Exchanger: Experimental Procedure
	3.6 Design of Instrumentation for Experimental Setup
	3.7 Components of Instrumentation Systems
	3.8 Identification of Variables in Phenomena
	3.9 Mathematical Relationship for Heat Transfer Phenomena
	3.10 Formation of Pi Terms for Dependent and Independent
		3.10.1 For Two-Wire Method
		3.10.2 For Radiator as a Heat Exchanger
	3.11 Reduction of Variables by Dimensional Analysis
	3.12 Plan for Experimentation
		3.12.1 Determination of Test Envelope
		3.12.2 Determination of Test Points
		3.12.3 Determination of Test Sequence
		3.12.4 Determination of Test Plan for Experiment
	3.13 Experimental Observations
		3.13.1 For Two-Wire Method
		3.13.2 For Radiator as a Heat Exchanger
	3.14 Sample Selection
		3.14.1 Sampling
		3.14.2 Sample Design
		3.14.3 Types of Sample Designs
		3.14.4 Sample Size for Experiments
4 Mathematical Models
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Model Classification
	4.3 Formulation of Experimental Data-Based Models (Two-Wire Method)
		4.3.1 Model of Dependent Pi Term for πD1 (Kϕ) (Concentration)
		4.3.2 Model of Dependent Pi Term for πD2 (Size, Kt)
		4.3.3 Model of Dependent Pi Term for πD3 (Ks ) (Shape)
		4.3.4 Model of Dependent Pi Term for πD1 (ΔT)
		4.3.5 Model of Dependent Pi Term for πD2 (Q)
		4.3.6 Model of Dependent Pi Term for πD3 (Heat Transfer Coefficient, h)
	4.4 Sample Calculations of Pi Terms
		4.4.1 For Two-Wire Method
		4.4.2 For Experimental Model (Radiator as a Heat Exchanger)
5 Analysis using SPSS Statistical Packages Software
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Developing the SPSS Model for Individual Pi Terms
	5.3 SPSS Output for Thermal Conductivity Kφ (Concentration)
	5.4 SPSS Output for Thermal Conductivity Kt (Size)
	5.5 SPSS Output for Thermal Conductivity Based on Shape
	5.6 SPSS Output for πD1 (Temperature Difference, ΔT)
	5.7 SPSS Output for πD2 (Heat Flow, Q)
	5.8 SPSS Output for πD3 (Heat Transfer Coefficient, h)
6 Analysis of Model using Artificial Neural Network Programming
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Procedure for Artificial Neural Network Phenomenon
	6.3 Performance of Models by ANN
		6.3.1 ANN using SPSS o/p for Thermal Conductivity Kφ
		6.3.2 ANN using SPSS o/p for Thermal Conductivity Kt (Size)
		6.3.3 ANN using SPSS o/p for Thermal Conductivity Ks (Shape)
		6.3.4 ANN using MATLAB Program for πD1 (Temperature Difference, ΔT)
		6.3.5 Comparison of Various Model Values
7 Analysis from the Indices of the Model
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Analysis of the Model for Dependent Pi Term πD1 (Kφ )
	7.3 Analysis of the Model for Dependent Pi Term πD2 (Kt )
	7.4 Analysis of the Model for Dependent Pi Term πD3 (Ks )
	7.5 Analysis of the Model for Dependent Pi Term πD1 (∆T)
	7.6 Analysis of the Model for Dependent Pi Term πD2 (Q)
	7.7 Analysis of the Model for Dependent Pi Term πD3 (h)
8 Optimization and Sensitivity Analysis
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Optimization of the Models
		8.2.1 For Two-Wire Method
		8.2.2 For Experimental Model (Radiator as a Heat Exchanger)
	8.3 Sensitivity Analysis for Two-Wire Method
		8.3.1 Effect of Introduced Change on the Dependent Pi Term πD1 (KΦ)
		8.3.2 Effect of Introduced Change on the Dependent Pi Term πD2 (Kt )
		8.3.3 Effect of Introduced Change on the Dependent Pi Term πD3 (Ks )
		8.3.4 Effect of Introduced Change on the Dependent Pi Term πD1 (ΔT)
		8.3.5 Effect of Introduced Change on the Dependent Pi Term πD2 (Q)
		8.3.6 Effect of Introduced Change on the Dependent Pi Term πD3 (h)
	8.4 Estimation of Limiting Values of Response Variables
		8.4.1 For Two-Wire Method
		8.4.2 For Radiator as a Heat Exchanger Experimental Setup
	8.5 Performance of the Models
	8.6 Reliability of Models
		8.6.1 Life Distribution
		8.6.2 Reliability Analysis
		8.6.3 Error Frequency Distribution
	8.7 Coefficient of Determinant R2 for Two-Wire Method
		8.7.1 For Two-Wire Method
		8.7.2 For Radiator as a Heat Exchanger Experimental Setup
		8.7.3 Coefficient of Determinant Results
9 Interpretation of the Simulation
	9.1 Interpretation of Independent Variables vs. Response Variables after Optimization
	9.2 Interpretation of Temperature Difference against the Mass Flow Rate
	9.3 Interpretation of Reliability and Coefficient of Determinant
	9.4 Interpretation of Mean Error of Models Corresponding to Response Variables
References
Index