Marine Electrical and Electronics Bible 4th edition: A practical handbook for cruising sailors

Cover
Half-title
About the Author
Praise for the Previous Edition
Also by John C. Payne
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Foreword
Introduction
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Section One: Marine Electrical Systems
	1. Marine Electrics
		1.1 Technology Advances
		1.2 Marine Systems Companies
	2. Batteries
		2.1 About Batteries
		2.2 Battery Rating Selection
		2.3 Battery Rating Calculation
		2.4 Sailing Load Calculations
		2.5 Additional Load Calculations
		2.6 Battery Ratings
		2.7 Deep-Cycle Batteries
		2.8 Starting Batteries
		2.9 Battery Technologies
		2.10 Lead-Acid Batteries
		2.11 Battery Electrolyte
		2.12 Battery Water
		2.13 Battery Plate Sulfation
		2.14 Battery Voltages and Installation
		2.15 Battery Commissioning
		2.16 Battery Routine Testing
		2.17 Battery Additives
		2.18 Low-Maintenance Batteries
		2.19 Gel Cell Batteries
		2.20 Gel Cell Charging
		2.21 Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM) or Valve Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) Batteries
		2.22 Optima Batteries
		2.23 Lithium-ion Batteries
		2.24 Lithium-ion Battery Charging
		2.25 Lithium-ion Battery Installation
		2.26 Lithium-ion Battery Storage
		2.27 Thermal Runaway
		2.28 High Load Applications
		2.29 Battery Management System (BMS)
		2.30 Carbon Foam Batteries
		2.31 Graphene Batteries
		2.32 Lead Carbon Batteries
		2.33 Alkaline Batteries
		2.34 NiCad Battery Characteristics
		2.35 Battery Installation
		2.36 Device Batteries
		2.37 Lithium-Ion Portable Devices
	3. Battery Charging Systems
		3.1 Charging Cycles
		3.2 Charging Efficiency
		3.3 Charging System Configurations
		3.4 Relay/Solenoid Configuration
		3.5 Diode Configuration
		3.6 Diode Isolator Testing
		3.7 Electronic Battery Switches
		3.8 Battery Charging Capacity
		3.9 Charging Support
		3.10 Charging Circuits
		3.11 Charging Isolation and Protection
		3.12 Charging System Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)
		3.13 Charging System Redundancy
		3.14 Failure Mode Mitigation Results
		3.15 Charging System Maintenance
		3.16 Multiple Alternator Charging System Configurations
	4. Alternative Energy Charging Systems
		4.1 Solar Systems
		4.2 Solar Ratings and Efficiency
		4.3 Panel Regulation
		4.4 Diodes
		4.5 Charging System Interaction
		4.6 Solar Panel Site Selection
		4.7 Solar Panel Installation
		4.8 Solar Panel Maintenance
		4.9 Solar Panel Troubleshooting
		4.10 Wind Charging Systems
		4.11 Wind Generator Features
		4.12 Wind Speed Equivalents
		4.13 Marlec Rutland 914i and 1200 Wind Generator
		4.14 Eclectic D400 Wind Generator
		4.15 Watt and Sea Racing Wind Generator
		4.16 TESUP Master940 Wind Generator
		4.17 Primus Air Silent X and Air-X Marine
		4.18 Leading Edge
		4.19 SilentWIND Pro
		4.20 MarineKinetix MK4
		4.21 Superwind 350 II Wind Generator
		4.22 Wind Generator Ratings
		4.23 Wind Generator Charging Regulation.
		4.24 Wind Generator Installation
		4.25 Wind Generator Troubleshooting
		4.26 Prop Shaft Charging Systems
		4.27 Hydrogenerators
		4.28 Cruising 600-Watt and Sea Hydrogenerators
		4.29 Eclectic Sail-Gen Water Generator
		4.30 Towed Turbine Charging Systems
		4.31 Fuel Cells
		4.32 Fuel Cell Construction and Operation
		4.33 Fuel Cell Efficiency
	5. Alternator Charging Systems
		5.1 Alternator Basics
		5.2 Alternator Components
		5.3 Alternator Selection
		5.4 High-Output Alternators
		5.5 48V High-Output Power Systems
		5.6 Overvoltage and Surge Protection
		5.7 Alternator Installation
		5.8 Alternator Drive Pulley Selection
		5.9 Alternator Maintenance
		5.10 Alternator Faults and Failures
		5.11 Alternator Troubleshooting
		5.12 Alternator Terminal Designations
		5.13 Alternator Regulators
		5.14 Alternator Regulator Sensing
		5.15 Alternator Regulator Types
		5.16 Standard Voltage Regulators
		5.17 Regulator Polarity
		5.18 Alternator Field Circuits
		5.19 Balmar Regulators
		5.20 Wakespeed Alternator Regulator
		5.21 Adverc Cycle Regulator
		5.22 Sterling Regulators
		5.23 Battery Charge Settings
		5.24 Alternator Manual Control Devices
		5.25 Alternator Controllers
		5.26 Regulator Troubleshooting
		5.27 Regulator Removal
		Charging System Troubleshooting
	6. Battery Chargers
		6.1 Charger Principles
		6.2 Battery Charger Types
		6.3 Battery Charger Output Ratings
		6.4 Charger/Inverters
		6.5 Multiple Battery Charging
		6.6 Battery Charger Installation
	7. DC Systems Wiring
		7.1 DC Wiring Failures
		7.2 Wiring Regulations and Standards
		7.3 Boat Wiring Regulations
		7.4 Boat Wiring Regulations—United States and Canada
		7.5 Boat Wiring Regulations—United Kingdom and Europe
		7.6 Boat Wiring Regulations—Australia and New Zealand
		7.7 12-Volt Systems
		7.8 24-Volt Systems
		7.9 32-Volt Systems
		7.10 42-Volt Systems
		7.11 48-Volt Systems
		7.12 Why a 48-Volt Battery System?
		7.13 Equipment Availability
		7.14 DC Voltage Conversion
		7.15 How to Wire and Rewire Your Boat
		7.16 Boat Wiring Diagrams
		7.17 Wiring Considerations
		7.18 Two-Wire Insulated System Wiring Configuration
		7.19 Two-Wire with One Pole Grounded System
		7.20 Distributed Systems
		7.21 Voltage Segregation
		7.22 Modular System Controllers
		7.23 Switchboard Circuit Control and Protection
		7.24 Switchboard Construction
		7.25 Voltmeters
		7.26 Ammeters
		7.27 Integrated Battery Monitors
		7.28 Battery Monitors
		7.29 Marking and Status Indication
		7.30 Switchboard Cable and Wiring Installation
		7.31 System Interlock Wiring
		7.32 Circuit Protection
		7.33 Switchboard Feeder Protection
		7.34 Battery-Connected Equipment
		7.35 Navigation Light Protection
		7.36 General Circuit Advice
		7.37 Fuses
		7.38 Circuit Breakers
		7.39 Switchboard Troubleshooting
		7.40 Conductor Selection
		7.41 Voltage Drop
		7.42 Wiring, Cables, and Conductors
		7.43 Wire Types
		7.44 Minimum Wire Sizes
		7.45 DC Wire Colors
		7.46 Cable and Wire Identification
		7.47 Conductor Installation
		7.48 Cable and Wiring Runs
		7.49 Cable Bunching
		7.50 Cable Accessibility
		7.51 Cable Protection
		7.52 Cable Transits
		7.53 Cable Support
		7.54 Cable Segregation
		7.55 Cable Heat and Lightning Clearances
		7.56 Cables in Conduits
		7.57 External Cable Installation
		7.58 Cable Joints and Splices
		7.59 Equipment Grounds
		7.60 Hazardous Areas
		7.61 Instrument and Data Cable Installation
		7.62 Equipment and Device Location
		7.63 Grounding Systems
		7.64 Conductor Terminations
		7.65 Soldered Terminations
		7.66 Termination Marking
		7.67 Termination Location
		7.68 Plug and Socket Location
		7.69 Junction Boxes
		7.70 Circuit Testing
		7.71 Mast Cabling
		7.72 Mast Cabling Troubleshooting
	8. Corrosion
		8.1 Galvanic Corrosion
		8.2 Galvanic Protection
		8.3 Anodes and Galvanic Protection
		8.4 Metal Nobility
		8.5 FRP/GRP and Wooden Boats
		8.6 Zinc Anode Purity Standards
		8.7 Aluminum and Magnesium Anodes
		8.8 Anode Number Calculations
		8.9 Anode Systems
		8.10 Rudder, Skeg, and Bilge Keel Anodes
		8.11 Anode Bonding
		8.12 Grounding and Bonding
		8.13 Equipotential Bonding
		8.14 Bonding Cable Location
		8.15 Bonding Circuit Resistance
		8.16 Shaft Collar Anodes
		8.17 Anodes for FRP/GRP and Wooden Boats
		8.18 Anodes for Steel Boats
		8.19 Anodes for Aluminum Alloy Boats
		8.20 Crevice Corrosion
		8.21 Corrosion Leakage Monitoring
		8.22 Isolation Transformers
		8.23 Shore Power Problems
		8.24 Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP)
		8.25 Galvanic Isolators
		8.26 Galvanic Isolator Installation
		8.27 Galvanic Isolator Testing
		8.28 Corrosion System Maintenance
		8.29 Electrolytic (Stray Current) Corrosion
		8.30 Direct Stray Current Corrosion
		8.31 Indirect Stray Current Corrosion
		8.32 Corrective Measures
		8.33 Steel/Alloy Hull Leakage Inspections
		8.34 Voltage Insulation Test
	9. Lighting Systems
		9.1 Internal Lights
		9.2 LED Lights
		9.3 Fluorescent Lights
		9.4 Incandescent Lights
		9.5 Halogen/Xelogen/Xenon Lighting
		9.6 Low-Energy Lighting
		9.7 Red Nightlights
		9.8 Dimmers and Voltage Stabilizers
		9.9 Lamp Bases
		9.10 Deck Lights
		9.11 Spotlights
		9.12 Navigation Lights
		9.13 Navigation Light Technical Requirements
	10. Lightning Protection
		10.1 Lightning History
		10.2 Lightning Hot Spots
		10.3 Lightning Protection
		10.4 Lightning Safety
		10.5 Post Lightning Strike
		10.6 About Thunder
		10.7 What Is Lightning?
		10.8 St. Elmo’s Fire (Brush Discharge)
		10.9 Faraday Cages
		10.10 Lightning Physics
		10.11 Lightning Components
		10.12 Lightning Protection Standards
		10.13 Lightning Protection Zone
		10.14 Catamarans and Lightning
		10.15 Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP)
		10.16 Lightning Dissipation Devices
		10.17 Lightning Protection Systems
		10.18 Air Terminals
		10.19 Down Conductors
		10.20 Bonding Basics
		10.21 Grounding Circuit Resistance
		10.22 Mast Resistance
		10.23 Carbon Fiber Spars
		10.24 Electrical Resistivity
		10.25 Electrical Conductivity
		10.26 Wooden Spars
		10.27 Conductor Grounds
		10.28 Conductor Terminations
		10.29 Keels and Grounding
		10.30 Keel Bolt Terminations
		10.31 Ground Plates
		10.32 Seawater Properties
		10.33 Grounding Stays and Chain Plates
		10.34 Side Strikes
		10.35 Boat Ground Review
		10.36 Equipotential Bonding
		10.37 Lightning System Bonding
		10.38 Temporary Lightning Protection
		10.39 Surge and Transient Protection
		10.40 Radio Antenna Protection
		10.41 DC Power Supply Protection
		10.42 AC Power Supply Protection
		10.43 Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs)
		10.44 About Varistors
		10.45 Voltage Dependent Resistor (VDR)
		10.46 Zener Diodes
		10.47 VHF Coaxial Surge Protectors
		10.48 Lightning Strike Mitigation
		10.49 Strike Mitigation Recommendations
	11. Anchor Windlasses, Deck Winches, and Furlers
		11.1 The Anchor Windlass
		11.2 About Anchors
		11.3 Anchor Parts
		11.4 Anchor Setting
		11.5 Anchor Breakout, Heaving, or Retrieval
		11.6 Anchor System Basics
		11.7 Chain Stoppers and Snubbers
		11.8 Anchor Kellets
		11.9 Lighthouse Windlasses
		11.10 Anchor Performance
		11.11 Anchor Windlass Selection
		11.12 Windlass Operation
		11.13 Windlass Electrical Installation
		11.14 Windlass Electrical Control
		11.15 Windlass Maintenance
		11.16 Windlass Troubleshooting
		11.17 Electric Deck Winches and Furlers
		11.18 Electric Deck Winch Protection
		11.19 Deck Winch Motors
		11.20 Battery Supply
		11.21 Capstans
		11.22 Electric Furlers
		11.23 Powered Blocks
		11.24 Electric Boom Mainsail Furlers
		11.25 Keel Lifting and Canting Keel Systems
	12. Bow and Stern Thrusters
		12.1 Thruster Basics
		12.2 Thruster Ratings
		12.3 Thruster Types
		12.4 Thruster Power Outputs
		12.5 Thruster Power Supply
		12.6 Thruster Control
		12.7 Thruster Maintenance
		12.8 Thruster Troubleshooting
		12.9 Hydraulic Thrusters
	13. DC Motors and Equipment
		13.1 DC Motor Introduction
		13.2 DC Motors
		13.3 Permanent Magnet DC Motors
		13.4 Pancake Motors
		13.5 DC Motor Inspection
		13.6 Commutators
		13.7 DC Motor Cleaning
		13.8 DC Motor Carbon Brushes
		13.9 Motor and Circuit Control
		13.10 DC Motor Troubleshooting
		13.11 Auxiliary DC Equipment
		13.12 Window Systems
	14. Marine Diesel Engines
		14.1 Diesel Engine Basics
		14.2 Marine Diesel Subsystems
		14.3 Combustion Efficiency
		14.4 Engine Efficiency
		14.5 Diesel Fuel Systems
		14.6 Injection Methods
		14.7 Fuel Pumps
		14.8 Fuel System Cycle
		14.9 Diesel Fuel Quality
		14.10 Fuel System Troubleshooting
		14.11 Engine Space Fuel Safety
		14.12 Diesel Fuel and Water
		14.13 Microbe Growth and Fuel Additives
		14.14 Fuel System Bleeding
		14.15 Engine Freshwater Cooling System
		14.16 Engine Seawater Cooling System
		14.17 Seacocks and Thru-Hulls
		14.18 Scoop Strainers
		14.19 Seacock Types
		14.20 Seacock Maintenance
		14.21 Hose Clamps
		14.22 Seawater (Raw Water) Strainers
		14.23 Engine Lubricating Oil System
		14.24 Engine Lubricating Oil Problems
		14.25 Lubrication Oil Testing
		14.26 Lubricating Oil Viscosity
		14.27 Engine Wear Metals
		14.28 Air Systems
		14.29 Engine Exhausts
		14.30 Anti-Siphon Valve
		14.31 Diesel Exhaust Smoke
		14.32 Turbocharger Troubleshooting
		14.33 Engine Operation Advice
		14.34 Diesel Engine Maintenance
	15. Engine Electrical and Instrumentation
		15.1 Diesel Engine Starting Systems
		15.2 Diesel Engine Controls
		15.3 Electric Engine Starters
		15.4 Starter Types
		15.5 Starter Installation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting
		15.6 Preheating Systems
		15.7 Preheater Maintenance
		15.8 Preheater Glow Plug Troubleshooting
		15.9 Engine Starting Recommendations
		15.10 Engine Starting Systems
		15.11 Starting System Configurations
		15.12 Starting System Failure Mode Analysis
		15.13 Starting System Diagrams
		15.14 Engine Instrumentation
		15.15 Pressure Monitoring
		15.16 Temperature Monitoring
		15.17 Exhaust Gas Temperature Monitoring
		15.18 Engine Tachometers
		15.19 Engine Alternator Tachometers
		15.20 Electrical System Monitoring
		15.21 Hour Counters and Clocks
		15.22 Acoustic Alarm Systems
		15.23 Instrumentation Maintenance
		15.24 Gauge Testing
		15.25 Engine Alarm Set Points
		15.26 Sensor Testing
		15.27 Crankcase Oil Mist Detection
		15.28 Engine Space Oil Mist Detectors
		15.29 Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs)
		15.30 Control Circuit Devices
	16. Electric Propulsion Systems
		16.1 Electric Propulsion Basics
		16.2 Electric Propulsion Configuration
		16.3 Propulsion System Batteries
		16.4 Battery Charging
		16.5 Propulsion Electric Motors
		16.6 Electric Boats
		16.7 Electric Dinghy Outboards
	17. AC Power Systems
		17.1 AC Power Safety
		17.2 115VAC 60Hz Single-Phase System
		17.3 115/230VAC 50Hz Single-Phase Systems
		17.4 220/240VAC 50Hz Single-Phase Systems
		17.5 440/460VAC 60Hz Three-Phase System
		17.6 AC Domestic Plug Types
		17.7 AC Transformers
		17.8 Isolation Transformers
		17.9 AC Switchboards and Panels
		17.10 AC Circuit Protection Principles
		17.11 AC Short Circuits
		17.12 AC Short Circuit Causes
		17.13 Short Circuit Calculations
		17.14 Short-Circuit Protective Devices (SCPDs)
		17.15 Protection Equipment Selection
		17.16 AC Cable Installation
		17.17 AC Cable Grounding
		17.18 Ground (Earth) Leakage Protection
		17.19 Ground Fault Current Interrupter Selection
		17.20 AC Circuit Testing
		17.21 AC Rotating Machinery
		17.22 Motor Start Currents
		17.23 Motor Troubleshooting
	18. AC Generators
		18.1 Generator Selection
		18.2 Generator Installation
		18.3 Generator Fuel Consumption
		18.4 AC Alternators
		18.5 AC Alternator Parameters
		18.6 AC Alternator Rating Selection
		18.7 Generator Rating Calculation
		18.8 Generator Systems
		18.9 Generator Protection
		18.10 Alternator Protection
		18.11 Alternator Maintenance
		18.12 Generator Mechanical Systems
		18.13 Generator Maintenance
		18.14 Generator Operating Notes
	19. AC Inverters
		19.1 Inverter DC Loads
		19.2 Inverter Output Waveforms
		19.3 AC Transfer Systems
		19.4 Combination (Combi) Charger Units
		19.5 Inverter Installation
		19.6 Inverter Efficiency
		19.7 Inverter Interference
		19.8 Inverter Troubleshooting
	20. Shore Power Systems
		20.1 Shore Power AC Power Safety. Disclaimer
		20.2 Rules and Regulations
		20.3 Shore Power Components
		20.4 Shore Power Inlet Sockets
		20.5 Shore Power Inlet Socket Installation
		20.6 Marina Shore Power Pedestal Outlets
		20.7 Shore Power Leads
		20.8 Shore Power Grounds
		20.9 Polarity Indication
		20.10 Input Isolation
		20.11 Circuit Protection
		20.12 New Shore Power Technology
		20.13 Microwave Ovens
	21. Refrigeration and HVAC
		21.1 Refrigeration Systems
		21.2 Eutectic Refrigeration Systems
		21.3 Compressors and Motors
		21.4 Auxiliary Refrigeration Controls
		21.5 Electric Refrigeration Systems
		21.6 Hermetic Compressors
		21.7 Refrigeration System Installation
		21.8 Refrigeration System Troubleshooting
		21.9 Air-conditioning
		21.10 Air-conditioning Basics
		21.11 Electrical Power Requirements
		21.12 Capacity Calculations
		21.13 Air-conditioning Maintenance
		21.14 Air-conditioning Troubleshooting
		21.15 Ventilation Fans
		21.16 Diesel Heater Systems
		21.17 Diesel Galley Stoves
	22. Water and Sewage Systems
		22.1 Water Systems
		22.2 Water Tanks
		22.3 Pressurized Water Systems
		22.4 Water Pressure Pumps
		22.5 Shore Water Systems
		22.6 Water Pump Wiring
		22.7 Water System Strainer
		22.8 Water System Accumulators
		22.9 Water Filters
		22.10 Water Pipes and Fittings
		22.11 Hot Water Calorifier
		22.12 Diesel Hot Water Heaters
		22.13 Diesel Hot Water Boilers
		22.14 Diesel Hot Water Heater Troubleshooting
		22.15 Desalination or Water Maker Systems
		22.16 Bilge Pump Systems
		22.17 Bilge Pump Selection
		22.18 Bilge Alarms
		22.19 Bilge Pump Float Switches
		22.20 Tank Level Monitoring
		22.21 Bilge Pump Installation
		22.22 Bilge Pump Maintenance
		22.23 Marine Sanitation Devices (MSDs)
		22.24 MSD Certification
		22.25 MSD Devices Elsewhere
		22.26 MSD System Maintenance
		22.27 Electric Toilet Systems
		22.28 Gray Water, Shower Drain, and Sink Systems
		22.29 Shower Water Conservation
		22.30 Transfer Pumps
		22.31 Washdown and Seawater Service Pumps
		22.32 Bait Tank (Livewell) Pumps
		22.33 Ballast Pumps
	23. Hydraulic Power Systems
		23.1 Hydraulic Power Basics
		23.2 Hydraulic Power Safety
		23.3 Hydraulic Power System Elements
		23.4 Hydraulic Maintenance
		23.5 Hydraulic Power Troubleshooting
Section Two: Marine Electronic Systems
	24. Marine Electronics
		24.1 Technology Advances
		24.2 Artificial Intelligence (AI)
		24.3 The Internet of Things (IoT)
		24.4 Maritime Autonomous Ships
	25. Marine Electronics Installation
		25.1 Marine Electronics
		25.2 Navigation Station Design
		25.3 Marine Electronics Installation
		25.4 Marine Electronics Ergonomics
	26. Electronic Charting
		26.1 Electronic Charting Basics
		26.2 Chart Plotter Features
		26.3 Chart Cartography Systems
	27. GPS Systems
		27.1 Basic GPS Principles
		27.2 GPS Operation
		27.3 GPS Accuracy
		27.4 GPS Error Sources
		27.5 Differential GPS (DGPS)
		27.6 About GDGPS
		27.7 Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS)
		27.8 Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)
		27.9 Galileo EGNOS System
		27.10 GLONASS Positioning System
		27.11 Space Weather and GPS Effects
		27.12 GPS Installation and Troubleshooting
	28. AIS Systems
		28.1 About AIS
		28.2 AIS Functions
		28.3 AIS Principles
		28.4 AIS Types
		28.5 AIS Advantages and Limitations
		28.6 AIS Installation and Operation
		28.7 AIS Developments
		28.8 VDES System
		28.9 AIS Troubleshooting
		28.10 AIS-SART
	29. Instrument Systems
		29.1 Systems Architecture
		29.2 Device Interfacing
		29.3 NMEA 2000
		29.4 NMEA OneNet Ethernet Standard
		29.5 NMEA 0183
		29.6 Other Communications Protocols
		29.7 Interface Installation
		29.8 Interface Cable Designations
		29.9 Instrument Selection Criteria
		29.10 Fluxgate Compasses
		29.11 Electronic and Solid-State Compasses
		29.12 Sensor Location
		29.13 Compass Compensation
		29.14 Compass Damping
		29.15 Speed Logs
		29.16 Paddle Wheel Logs
		29.17 Smart Transducers
		29.18 Ultrasonic Logs
		29.19 Electromagnetic Logs
		29.20 Dual Transducer Systems
		29.21 Doppler Logs
		29.22 Log Installation
		29.23 Speed Log Calibration
		29.24 Log Transducer Maintenance
		29.25 Wind Instruments
		29.26 Wireless Wind Systems
		29.27 Wired Wind Systems
		29.28 Ultrasonic Wind Instruments
		29.29 Masthead Unit Installation
		29.30 Velocity Made Good (VMG)
		29.31 Rig Tension Monitoring
		29.32 Depth-Sounders
		29.33 Basic Sonar Theory
		29.34 Cone Angles
		29.35 Transducer Cavitation
		29.36 Frequencies and Power Output
		29.37 Depth-Sounder Maintenance
		29.38 Depth-Sounder Installation
	30. Electronics Interference
		30.1 Interference Principles
		30.2 EMI Basics
		30.3 RFI Basics
		30.4 Transients and Voltage Spikes
		30.5 Lightning Transients
		30.6 Surge or Electromagnetic Pulse
		30.7 Arcing Noise
		30.8 Induced or Inductive Coupling Interference
		30.9 Capacitive Coupling Interference
		30.10 Turn-On and Turn-Off Spikes
		30.11 Ripple Noise
		30.12 Static Charges
		30.13 AC Transients
		30.14 Harmonics
		30.15 Voltage Dips or Sags
		30.16 Voltage Swells
		30.17 Suppression Methods
		30.18 Practical Suppression Methods
		30.19 Screening
		30.20 Noise Troubleshooting
		30.21 Cable Installation Planning
	31. Autopilots
		31.1 Autopilot Basics
		31.2 Drive Types
		31.3 Hydraulic Steering Systems
		31.4 Hydraulic Reversing Pumps
		31.5 Hydraulic Constant-Running Pumps
		31.6 Hydraulic Oil
		31.7 Hydraulic Installation
		31.8 Hydraulic Pump Maintenance and Testing
		31.9 Hydraulic System Troubleshooting
		31.10 Direct Drive Systems
		31.11 Autopilot Installation
		31.12 Input Sensors and Devices
		31.13 Input Device Installation
		31.14 Wind Vane Mode
		31.15 Autopilot Controls and Alarms
		31.16 Rudder Settings
		31.17 Compass Inputs
		31.18 GPS Data Input
		31.19 Track Mode Control
		31.20 Autopilot Maintenance
	32. Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS)
		32.1 GMDSS Operational Details
		32.2 GMDSS Radio Distress Communications Frequencies
		32.3 Digital Selective Calling (DSC)
		32.4 GMDSS Distress Call (Alert) Sequence
		32.5 GMDSS False Alerts and System Coverage
		32.6 GMDSS and Yachts
		32.7 Satellite Communications Systems
		32.8 COSPAS/SARSAT System
		32.9 Satellite (L-Band) EPIRBs
		32.10 406MHz EPIRBs
		32.11 406MHz EPIRB Registration
		32.12 EPIRB Activation Sequence
		32.13 EPIRB Operation
		32.14 Rescue Reaction Times
		32.15 Battery Life and Transmit Times
		32.16 EPIRB Maintenance
		32.17 Personal Locator Beacons (PLBs)
		32.18 Radar Search and Rescue Transponders (SARTs)
		32.19 AIS-SARTs
	33. NAVTEX and Weatherfax
		33.1 About NAVTEX
		33.2 NAVTEX Basics
		33.3 NAVTEX Broadcasts
		33.4 NAVTEX Message Priorities
		33.5 NAVTEX Station Identification
		33.6 US NAVTEX
		33.7 NAVTEX Western Atlantic (NAVAREA IV)
		33.8 NAVTEX UK and Europe
		33.9 NAVTEX UK Inshore Waters Forecast
		33.10 NAVTEX Mediterranean
		33.11 NAVTEX Installation
		33.12 Weatherfax Receivers
		33.13 GRIB Broadcasts
		33.14 Meteorological Forecast Models
		33.15 Weather Facsimile Frequencies
		33.16 Computer-Based Weather Systems
		33.17. Computer Fax Problems
	34. VHF Radio
		34.1 VHF Radio Licensing
		34.2 VHF Radio Licensing, United States
		34.3 VHF Radio Licensing, Canada
		34.4 VHF Radio Licensing, UK
		34.5 VHF Radio Licensing, Republic of Ireland
		34.6 VHF Radio Licensing, Australia
		34.7 VHF Radio Licensing, New Zealand
		34.8 VHF Theory
		34.9 VHF Signal Propagation
		34.10 VHF Operation
		34.11 VHF Radio Procedure
		34.12 VHF Distress, Safety, and Urgency Calls
		34.13 VHF Antenna
		34.14 VHF Antenna Coaxial Cables and Connections
		34.15 VHF Installation Testing
		34.16 US VHF Radio Channels
		34.17 About VDSMS
		34.18 US VHF Weather Broadcasts
		34.19 International (and UK) VHF Channels
		34.20 Canada VHF Radio Channels
		34.21 Mexico VHF Radio Channels
		34.22 UK Weather—BBC Radio 4
		34.23 UK VHF Radio Channels
		34.24 Channel Islands (UK)
		34.25 Ireland VHF Channels
		34.26 France VHF Channels
		34.27 Spain VHF Channels
		34.28 Portugal VHF Channels
		34.29 Italy VHF Channels
		34.30 Greece VHF Channels
		34.31 Croatia VHF Channels
		34.32 Türkiye VHF Channels
		34.33 Cyprus VHF Channels
		34.34 Malta VHF Channels
		34.35 Caribbean VHF Channels
		34.36 Australia VHF Channels
		34.37 New Zealand VHF Channels
		34.38 Pacific Islands. Society Islands
	35. MF/HF-SSB Radio
		35.1 Marine MF/HF-SSB Radio
		35.2 Space Weather Effects and HF/SSB Radio
		35.3 Solar Cycles
		35.4 Typical Frequency Propagation
		35.5 Operation Requirements
		35.6 HF Radio Frequencies and Bands
		35.7 US Coast Guard Broadcasts
		35.8 Caribbean Marine Weather Center
		35.9 UK Coast Guard Broadcasts
		35.10 Mediterranean Radio Frequencies and Weather Forecasts
		35.11 Australian Frequencies and Weather Forecasts
		35.12 New Zealand (Taupo Maritime Radio—ZLM)
		35.13 HF Radio Tuner Units
		35.14 HF Radio Aerials
		35.15 HF/SSB Radio Grounds
		35.16 HF/SSB Radio Maintenance
		35.17 Standard Time Frequencies
		35.18 HF/SSB Radio Troubleshooting
	36. Amateur (Ham) Radio
		36.1 Licensing Requirements
		36.2 Ham Nets
		36.3 Email Services
		36.4 Email Service Providers
		36.5 Morse Code
	37. Satellite Communications
		37.1 Satellite Services
		37.2 Satellite System Installation
		37.3 System Operation
		37.4 OCENS OneMail
		37.5 Small Boat Systems
	38. Mobile Phones
		38.1 Distress Calls and Mobile Phones
		38.2 Phone Coverage
		38.3 Foreign Voyaging and SIMs
		38.4 Mobile Phone Installation
		38.5 Mobile Phone Boating Apps
		38.6 Smart Phone Cybersecurity
		38.7 Phone Charging
		38.8 Wireless Technologies
	39. Radar
		39.1 Radar Basics
		39.2 Pulse Radar
		39.3 Broadband Radar
		39.4 CHIRP Radar
		39.5 Doppler Radar
		39.6 Radar Scanners
		39.7 Beam Angles
		39.8 Radar Heel Angles
		39.9 Radar Ranges
		39.10 Radar Displays
		39.11 Radar Display Presentation Modes
		39.12 MARPA
		39.13 Radar Installation
		39.14 Radar Emission Safety
		39.15 Radar Cables
		39.16 Radar Power Consumption
		39.17 Grounding
		39.18 Radar Operation
		39.19 Radar Plotting
		39.20 Radar Software Upgrades
		39.21 Radar Maintenance
		39.22 Radar Troubleshooting
	40. Radar Reflectors
		40.1 Merchant Vessel Visibility and Radar Reflectors
		40.2 Maritime Traffic
		40.3 Radar Reflector Theory
		40.4 Radar Reflector Types
		40.5 Radar Detectors and Transponders
		40.6 Radar Reflection Polar Diagrams
		40.7 Radar Fresnel Zones
	41. Onboard Computing
		41.1 Notebook Computer Systems and Tablets
		41.2 Notebook Selection
		41.3 Software Options
		41.4 Computer Maintenance
		41.5 Computer Troubleshooting
		41.6 Computer Cybersecurity
	42. Entertainment Systems
		42.1 Music Systems
		42.2 Entertainment Systems
		42.3 Video and DVD Players
		42.4 Satellite TV
		42.5 Terrestrial Television
		42.6 TV Antenna
		42.7 Satellite Radio
	43. Forward-Looking Sonar and Fish-Finders
		43.1 Forward-Looking Sonar
		43.2 Floating Containers
		43.3 Forward Sonar Transducers
		43.4 About Fish-Finders
		43.5 Fish-Finder Principles
		43.6 Transducer Basics
		43.7 Transducer Operation
		43.8 CHIRP Transducers
		43.9 Operating Frequencies
		43.10 Power Output
		43.11 Multibeam Fish-Finders
		43.12 Fish-Finder Technology
		43.13 Transducer Cavitation
		43.14 Fish-Finder Displays
		43.15 White Line Function
		43.16 Zoom Function
		43.17 Sensitivity
		43.18 Water Temperature and Thermoclines
		43.19 Fish Arches
		43.20 Fish-Finder Installation
		43.21 Maintenance
		43.22 Troubleshooting
		43.23 Fish-Finding Satellite Services
		43.24 Personal Bathymetric Generator (PBG)
	44. Safety and Security Systems
		44.1 Inflammable Gas Detection
		44.2 Toxic Gas Detection
		44.3 Gas Detectors
		44.4 Fire Detection Systems
		44.5 Security Systems
		44.6 Security Alarm Indication Systems
		44.7 Collision Avoidance Camera
		44.8 Marine Camera Systems
	45. Troubleshooting and Maintenance
		45.1 Troubleshooting
		45.2 Troubleshooting and Maintenance Safety
		45.3 Troubleshooting Procedure
		45.4 Troubleshooting Process Chart
	46. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
		46.1 Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)
		46.2 Performing an FMEA
		46.3 The Boat FMEA
	47. Multimeter Use
		47.1 How to Use a Multimeter
		47.2 Multimeter Maintenance
	48. Boat Maintenance
		48.1 Boat Maintenance
		48.2 Maintenance Philosophies
		48.3 Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM)
		48.4 Yacht Maintenance
		48.5 Systems Monitoring
		48.6 Reliability and Maintenance
		48.7 Flange Management
		48.8 Gaskets
		48.9 About O-rings
		48.10 Bolt Torquing
		48.11 Nuts and Bolts
		48.12 About Washers
		48.13 Bolt Lubricants
		48.14 Vapor Phase Corrosion Protection
		48.15 Lubrication and Zerk Fittings
		48.16 Lubricants
		48.17 Overgreasing
		48.18 Grease Application
		48.19 Lip Seals
		48.20 Bearing Basics
		48.21 About Vibration and Monitoring
		48.22 Bearing Failures
	49. Winterization
		49.1 Winterization
		49.2 Water System Winterization
		49.3 Engine Systems Winterization
		49.4 Electrical and Electronics Winterization
		49.5 Windlass Winterization
	50. Spring Commissioning
		50.1 Spring Recommissioning
		50.2 Recommissioning Commencement
		50.3 Damage Cause and Effect
		50.4 Engine Starting Systems
		50.5 Batteries
		50.6 Charging Systems
		50.7 Lighting Systems
		50.8 Marine Electronics
		50.9 Windlass, Winches, Thrusters, and Toilets
		50.10 Wiring Systems
		50.11 AC Power Systems
		50.12 Equipment Expiry Dates
	51. Technician Service Calls
		51.1 About Calling Service Technicians
		51.2 Service Person Etiquette
		51.3 Foreign Cruising Assistance
	52. Tool Kits and Spare Parts
		52.1 Tool Kits and Spares Parts
		Tools and Spares List
	53. Service Directories
		Canada, US East Coast, GOM
		Caribbean
		Canada, US West Coast, Mexico
		UK and Ireland
		Europe, Atlantic, Indian Ocean
		Mediterranean
		Pacific, New Zealand, Australia
Acknowledgments
Bibliography
Index
Plate Section