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دانلود کتاب Managing Healthy Livestock Production and Consumption: Low Input Livestock Landscapes
دانلود کتاب مدیریت تولید و مصرف دام سالم: مناظر دام با ورودی کم
مشخصات کتاب
Managing Healthy Livestock Production and Consumption: Low Input Livestock Landscapes
ویرایش: 1
نویسندگان: Nadia El-Hage Scialabba (editor)
سری:
ISBN (شابک) : 0128230193, 9780128230190
ناشر: Academic Press
سال نشر: 2021
تعداد صفحات: 277
زبان: English
فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود)
حجم فایل: 5 مگابایت
قیمت کتاب (تومان) : 46,000
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توجه داشته باشید کتاب مدیریت تولید و مصرف دام سالم: مناظر دام با ورودی کم نسخه زبان اصلی می باشد و کتاب ترجمه شده به فارسی نمی باشد. وبسایت اینترنشنال لایبرری ارائه دهنده کتاب های زبان اصلی می باشد و هیچ گونه کتاب ترجمه شده یا نوشته شده به فارسی را ارائه نمی دهد.
توضیحاتی درمورد کتاب به خارجی
فهرست مطالب
Front Cover Managing Healthy Livestock Production and Consumption Copyright Page Contents List of figures List of tables List of boxes List of pictures List of contributors About the authors Preface Acknowledgments 1 Introduction 1 Introduction to livestock systems Introduction Centrality of livestock supply chains in our lives and on our planet A multifunctional sector Social wellbeing and safety nets Economic resilience and livelihoods Ecological integrity and vibrant landscapes Good governance and stewardship Mutualism Future demand Global safety Atomistic perspectives Livestock production systems Classification systems as reflection of specific mindsets High external input systems Inputs Global food supply and occupation Challenges Intermediate external input systems Inputs Global food supply and occupation Challenges Low external input livestock systems Inputs Global food supply and occupation Challenges Animal feeding operations Definition Scale Environmental and health impacts Cage farming Definition Scale Environmental and health impacts Ranching Definition Scale Environmental and health impacts Integrated crop-livestock systems Definition Scale Environmental and health impacts Free-range Definition Scale Environmental and health impacts Organic agriculture Definition Scale Environmental and health impacts Grass-fed Definition Scale Environmental and health impacts Biodynamic agriculture Definition Scale Environmental and health impacts Permaculture Definition Scale Environmental and health impacts Holistic planned grazing Definition Scale Environmental and health impacts Silvopastoral systems Definition Scale Environmental and health impacts Pastoral systems Definition Scale Environmental and health impacts Livestock standards and labels Sustainability pathways: from anonymous livestock supply chains into harmonious regenerative value networks Improving livestock supply chains From efficiency to harmony From sustainability to regeneration From quantity to quality Hard questions Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5 References 2 Animals and health 2 Livestock food and human nutrition Global trends in livestock production, consumption and marketing Increasing livestock production, decreasing land use Livestock revolution? Poultry production growth Concentrate feedstuff Peak pasture Per capita consumption of livestock meat Global consumption of animal food Steady reduction of meat consumption The rise of poultry meat consumption Meat calories’ growth surpasses vegetal calories Commodity markets for livestock products Meat market disruption Decline of dairy markets Growth of egg markets Feed market substitution Mergers and acquisitions The debate over animal food and nutrition Meat-less considerations Vitamin B12 and other vitamins Meat for cognitive development Over-consumption Dietary cholesterol versus blood cholesterol Meat saturated fatty acids versus total dietary fats Polyunsaturated fatty acids versus saturated fatty acids Fat content of meat depends Iron and other minerals Iron bioavailability Nutritional benefits Fall of the perfect food: milk Milk calcium supply Recombinant bovine somatotropin and sexual development Estrogens and hormonal cancers Calcium and osteoporosis Lactose intolerance and proinflammatory effects Nutritional benefits Ebb and flow of eggs A bit of every nutrient needed in an egg Egg cholesterol decreases heart disease risk Egg cholesterol increases heart disease risk Contrasted risks of choline Health benefits of eggs depends Nutritional benefits The animal protein dilemma An essential maconutrient What are proteins? Protein sources Animal proteins and nutrition Protein intake Protein intake and digestibility varies Nutritional requirements Animal proteins and health Protein quality Amino acids from dietary proteins Animal protein quality Cooking damage to protein quality References 3 Livestock xenobiotics and zoonoses Xenobiotics compounds found in animal food Animal feed contaminants Fertilizer compounds Nitrogen Nitrates Nitrite Nitrosamines Safety issues Heavy metals Radionucleides Pesticides Insecticides Herbicides Fungicides Dioxins Alkaloids Pyrrolizidine Mycotoxins Veterinary drugs Hormones Antimicrobials Antimicrobials Antibiotics as growth promoters Antimicrobial resistance Zoonoses Fungi Parasites Transmission pathways Helminths Protozoans Pathogenic bacteria Bovine tuberculosis Q fever Brucellosis Anthrax Enteric infections Viruses Influenza viruses Coronaviruses Nipah virus Bluetongue Virulent Newcastle disease Prions Bovine spongiform encephalopathy Processing and cooking toxins Pre-slaughter drugs Curing nitrosamines Cooking carcinogens References 4 Healthy livestock production and consumption Healthy animal husbandry: grass-fed organic Organic animal husbandry Standards Antibiotic avoidance Toxicant avoidance Nutritional benefits Grass-fed animals Standards Omega-3 benefits Fatty acid profiles Bacterial exposure Local animal breeds Genetic erosion From susceptibility to resilience Quality and safety Genetic conservation and development Diverse food for healthy gut microbiomes What is the microbiome? Gut microbiota and nutrition Animal-based diets and microbiome health Livestock systems, food safety and health Food safety and multiomics Safety challenges Residue standards Multiomics COVID-19 retrospectives Virus and bacteria everywhere Subjugation of nature causes viral outbreaks Factory farming increases pathogen incidence Enslavement of animals promotes virus spreading Preventing COVID-21 One health Increasing incidence of pathogens Institutional mobilization From mitigation to prevention References 5 Pesticide safety in livestock products Introduction Pesticides, steroids and antibiotics found in animal products Pesticides in meat and dairy products Anabolic steroids growth promoters and antibiotics Concerns about setting acceptable daily intake and maximum residue limit The best practice testing guidelines for pesticides and cancer Diseases other than cancer Exposure thresholds Testing for pesticide and chemical combinations Pesticides and children’ cancer Infants developmental neurotoxicity Inter-generational damage Endocrine disruption Unpublished industry studies Pesticides’ metabolites, dioxins and adjuvants Pesticide metabolites Dioxins Pesticide adjuvants More research needed to determine metabolite, by-product and additive safety Pesticide safety compared to vaccine safety Conclusions References 6 Continuous development of animal welfare, with a focus on organic farming Introduction Relevance and definition of animal welfare Comparing animal welfare legislation and standards Animal welfare legislation and standards in organic animal husbandry: the need for improvement Outcome-oriented approaches to animal welfare Research and outcomes on animal welfare in organic farming Conclusions and recommendations References 3 Livestock landscapes 7 Livestock and future food supply scenarios Long-term food supply perspectives Eating the planet IFPRI’s International Model for Policy analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade model UNEP Threshold 21 world model CIRAD’s Agrimonde foresight study OECD Alternative Futures for global food and agriculture FAO’s Alternative Pathways to 2050 OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2019–28 Sustainable Organic Livestock model (SOL-m) Designed to balance nutrient flows Prospects for matching food supply and demand Bright and feasible ecological scenarios Efficiency revisited Efficiency at production level: input-output accounting Efficiency at agroecosystems level: attributional and consequential life cycle analysis Efficiency at the food system level: balancing with consistency and sufficiency References 8 Pastoralism as a response to climate change and water security in Mediterranean mountains and forests Climate change and desertification in mountain areas Mediterranean geography Environmental risks in mountainous rangelands and opportunities of extensive grazing Sustainable management options of mountains and pastoral areas Territorial development for sustainable management of mountains and pastoral areas Toward collective awareness Conclusion 9 Landscape management: ecological engineering in temperate areas Landscapes Fundamental elements of landscape management All ecosystems have animals Animals move Perennials dominate Pruning benefits Carbon economy Massive landscape hydration Local economies Teams are more effective than individuals White-collar farmers Walk on the land References 10 Let them graze! Potentials of ruminant production outside the feed-food competition Feeding ruminants: what are their fair resources? The art of herding: challenges of grassland management and diet composition The meaning of phytochemical diversity: precision livestock farming on pasture Less will be more: site-adapted breeds Wrap-up: the potentials of grasslands for food security, ecological sustainability and animal welfare References 11 The promises of food without soil and toil A dream of food without dirt1 Farm-free foods Electric food Algae and insects Indoor farming Saving water and land by using more energy? Urban farming Another narrative is needed References 12 Livestock as a tool to regenerate land The biodiversity, desertification and climate nexus Technological software for complex systems Animals as biological tools to restore land Grazing livestock mitigates climate change Holistic planned grazing Toward a multiple benefits solution References 4 Stories from around the world 13 Experiences of low-external-input livestock systems Subchapter 13.1 Rotational grazing in the flooding pampa, Argentina About the authors Description of the grassfed beef production in El Amanecer farm Land and grazing management No supplementation strategies Management of stocking rates Other coping strategies and monitoring of success From increased meat production to positive environmental effects Lessons learnt Improving land management through grazing strategies Subchapter 13.2 Holistic management of livestock, Zimbabwe About the authors Description Land management: timing and strategies in holistic approach Increasing crop production and improving animal management Holistic management and land monitoring methodology Land monitoring results Other features of holistic management program in Hwange Community Disseminating knowledge—key to success Challenges Lessons learnt Subchapter 13.3 Adapting to climate change in grasslands of Inner Mongolia, China About the author Description Land management and grasslands in China: need for restoration Outcomes of the project Lessons learnt Subchapter 13.4 Organic livestock management and climate resilience, New Zealand About the author Description of the farm and its conversion to organic production in 2014 Land management: changing the practices Through efficiency to sustainability Challenges Lessons learnt Low to zero grain feeding strategies Subchapter 13.5 Conservation of native vegetation and traditional camel herding in Rajasthan, India About the authors Description: a traditional herding system Feeding strategies: camel feeding behavior and environment Adding value to camel products, a way of promoting sustainable herding Camel milk Camel wool Camel dung paper and camel milk soap Changing attitudes as a way forward Lessons learnt Subchapter 13.6 Sustainability of organic dairy production in Tyrol pastures, Austria About the authors Description of the organic dairy farming in the Alps Livestock operations and feeding strategies on selected farms Sustainability of organic dairy farming Biodiversity assessment and subsidies for vegetation diversity Other challenges faced in organic dairy farming Lessons learnt Subchapter 13.7 Feeding spineless cactus to cattle for drought resilience, Kenya About the authors Description of farming challenges Alternative feed for climate change adaptation Growing spineless cactus Improving feeding strategies Other challenges and opportunities in promoting spineless cactus feeding Lessons learnt Subchapter 13.8 Integrated organic livestock-crop production system, Thailand About the author Description of organic farming systems in Thailand Feeding strategies Integrating crop and livestock organic production in Tupthai village Organic feed as a result of integrating livestock and crop production Other features of the system: local food sales and self-sufficiency of the system Lessons learnt Alternatives to synthetic agricultural inputs Subchapter 13.9 Improving nutrient efficiency through organic management, Madagascar About the authors Description of the farming system Finding alternatives to synthetic inputs Improving sustainability of livestock management From reduction of fertilizer use to improved N efficiency Lessons learnt Subchapter 13.10 Breeding for gastrointestinal parasite resistance in Merino sheep, Australia About the authors Description of “Majuba” low-input farming system Finding alternatives to synthetic inputs: breeding for resistance Benefits of selection Lessons learnt Subchapter 13.11 Animals for feeding soils on biodynamic farms, Egypt About the authors Being a role model for Egypt Animal husbandry at SEKEM Creating value through composting manure Lessons learned: nutrient cycling in the desert needs an external kick start References 5 Conclusions 14 Full-cost accounting for decision-making related to livestock systems What we know about current livestock landscapes Full-cost accounting for improved decision-making Key elements of livestock supply chains Key performance indicators Carbon footprint What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Land footprint What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Water footprint What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Biodiversity footprint What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Animal welfare What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Nutrition security What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Knowledge What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Employment What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Public health What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Tenure security What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Bargaining power distribution What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Net income What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Government support What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Traceability What livestock brings What livestock takes Caution Hints Livestock impacts on the natural, economic, human and social capitals Aggregating and communicating results A consumer checklist Conclusions References Index Back Cover
