Magnetorheological Materials and their Applications

Cover
Contents
Preface
1 Redispersibility and its relevance in the formulation of magnetorheological fluids
	1.1 Introduction
		1.1.1 Methodology of the redispersibility test
	1.2 Results and discussion
		1.2.1 Effect of sedimentation time
		1.2.2 Effect of additives in MRF formulation
		1.2.3 Effect of centrifuging the MRF
		1.2.4 Long-time settling (1-year) redispersibility
		1.2.5 Redispersibility of MRF with 48 vol.%
	1.3 Conclusions
	Acknowledgments
	References
2 DEM and FEM simulations in magnetorheology: aggregation kinetics and yield stress
	2.1 Background
		2.1.1 Discrete element method
		2.1.2 Finite element method
		2.1.3 More complex approaches
	2.2 Methodology: numerical methods
		2.2.1 Discrete element method
		2.2.2 Finite element method
	2.3 Results and discussion
		2.3.1 Discrete element method
		2.3.2 Finite element method
	2.4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgments
	References
3 A new novel of composite adaptive optimal control for MR damper system subjected to mixed disturbances
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 New novel of optimal control for nonlinear system
		3.2.1 Proposed control law
		3.2.2 Simulation of the proposed optimal control and discussion
	3.3 Design of a new composite controller
		3.3.1 Fuzzy model
		3.3.2 Adaptive optimal control
	3.4 Application to vibration control
		3.4.1 Vehicle seat suspension system
		3.4.2 Simulation results and discussions
	3.5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgment
	Appendix A
	References
4 Developments in modeling of magnetorheological actuators
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Modeling
		4.2.1 Electromagnetic domain
			4.2.1.1 Steady-state lumped parameter modeling
			4.2.1.2 Magnetostatic field modeling
			4.2.1.3 Transient lumped parameter modeling
			4.2.1.4 Transient magnetic field modeling
		4.2.2 Flow domain
			4.2.2.1 Steady-state flow modeling: lumped parameter approach
			4.2.2.2 Steady-state CFDs
			4.2.2.3 Unsteady fluid dynamics
	4.3 Summary
	References
5 Use of magnetorheological shock absorber for impact loading mitigation with individually controllable coils
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Gun-recoil system
	5.3 Design of multi-coil MR absorber
	5.4 Time response of MR buffer system under impact loading
		5.4.1 Impact test platform system
		5.4.2 Current controller
		5.4.3 Time delay compensation
			5.4.3.1 Response analysis of electromagnetic drive circuit
			5.4.3.2 Response analysis of MR impact system
			5.4.3.3 Time delay compensation methods
			5.4.3.4 DSP PID controller
	5.5 Dynamic characteristics of MR buffer system
		5.5.1 Conventional unified control mode
		5.5.2 Separate control mode
		5.5.3 Timing control mode
	5.6 MR shock buffer device control strategy and experimental verification
		5.6.1 Methods of MR damper control
		5.6.2 MR shock buffer control system
		5.6.3 Fuzzy logic control strategy
			5.6.3.1 One-dimensional fuzzy control strategy
			5.6.3.2 Two-dimensional delay fuzzy control strategy
		5.6.4 Fuzzy control experiment
		5.6.5 Experimental results and analysis of fuzzy control
	5.7 Summary
	Acknowledgments
	References
6 Influence of magnetorheological stabilizer bar on vehicle roll stability
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 MR semi-active stabilizer bar system
		6.2.1 Vehicle roll dynamic model
		6.2.2 MR stabilizer bar
			6.2.2.1 Mathematical model
			6.2.2.2 Force analysis of the MR stabilizer bar
		6.2.3 The MR damper
			6.2.3.1 MR fluids properties
			6.2.3.2 Structural principle
			6.2.3.3 Controllable torque
			6.2.3.4 Electromagnetic simulation
			6.2.3.5 Output characteristics
		6.2.4 Control strategy for MR stabilizer bar
	6.3 ADAMS/Car modeling and simulation
		6.3.1 Comparison between ADAMS/Car model and mathematical model
		6.3.2 Full-vehicle simulation
			6.3.2.1 Fish hook maneuver
			6.3.2.2 Single lane change maneuver
			6.3.2.3 Pylon course maneuver
	6.4 Conclusion
	References
7 Hybrid active and semi-active seat suspension
	7.1 Hybrid active and semi-active seat suspension design and prototype
		7.1.1 Motivation
		7.1.2 Prototype
	7.2 The seat suspension prototype test and model identification
		7.2.1 Testing method
		7.2.2 Test results
		7.2.3 Model identification
	7.3 Control algorithm
		7.3.1 Hybrid seat suspension model
		7.3.2 Controller design
	7.4 Evaluation
		7.4.1 Numerical simulation
		7.4.2 Experimental setup
		7.4.3 Experimental results
	7.5 Conclusion
	References
8 Development of magnetorheological brake with magnetic coils placed on side housings
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Configuration of the side-coil MR brake
	8.3 Modeling of the side-coil MR brake
	8.4 Optimization of the side-coil MR brake with rectangular housing profile
	8.5 Optimization of the side-coil MR brake with polygonal housing profile
	8.6 Summary
	References
9 Enhanced magnetic-sensing characteristics for application of magnetorheological elastomer
	9.1 Overview of magnetorheological elastomer
	9.2 Material preparation of magnetorheological elastomer
		9.2.1 Matrix
		9.2.2 Magnetic particles
		9.2.3 Additives
	9.3 Test characterization of magnetorheological elastomers
		9.3.1 Mechanism of magnetorheological elastomers
		9.3.2 Application research of magnetorheological elastomer
	9.4 Conclusions and prospect
	References
10 Multi-scale modeling on tensile modulus of magnetorheological elastomers
	10.1 Tensile modulus in the absence of magnetic fields
		10.1.1 Three parameters of RVE model
		10.1.2 Theoretical solutions
		10.1.3 FEM solutions
		10.1.4 Results
	10.2 Tensile modulus under applied magnetic fields
		10.2.1 Magnetic-induced stress
		10.2.2 The x, y direction tensile modulus under magnetic field
		10.2.3 The z direction tensile modulus under magnetic fields
	10.3 Anisotropy of the structured MRE
		10.3.1 Tensile modulus in different direction
		10.3.2 Tensile modulus in the different anisotropy microstructure
	10.4 Conclusions
	References
11 Experimental study and mathematical model on different magnetorheological elastomers
	11.1 MR elastomers fabrication
		11.1.1 Selection of materials
		11.1.2 Procedure of MRE specimens\' fabrication
	11.2 Performance tests of MREs
		11.2.1 Test setup and procedure
		11.2.2 Results and analysis
			11.2.2.1 Physical property test
			11.2.2.2 Quasi-static property test
			11.2.2.3 Dynamic mechanical property test
	11.3 Numerical simulations
		11.3.1 The microphysical model based on chi-squared distribution
		11.3.2 Magnetoviscoelasticity parametric model
		11.3.3 Parameter identification
		11.3.4 Numerical simulation results
	11.4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
12 Promising application of magnetorheological elastomer
	12.1 Semi-active system
		12.1.1 Generic tunable vibration absorber
		12.1.2 Automotive application
		12.1.3 Medical application
		12.1.4 Robotic application
		12.1.5 Machining application
	12.2 Active system
		12.2.1 Releasable attachment
		12.2.2 Artificial muscle
		12.2.3 Microfluidic and peristaltic pumping
		12.2.4 Valve system
	12.3 Sensory system
		12.3.1 Impedance and magnetoresistance
		12.3.2 Magneto-induced capacitor
		12.3.3 Displacement sensor
		12.3.4 Tire pressure sensor
		12.3.5 Magnetic field sensor
		12.3.6 Tactile sensor
	References
13 Development of a hybrid nonlinear vibration absorber working with MR elastomers
	13.1 Structure, working principle, and analyses of the MRE absorber
		13.1.1 Structure
		13.1.2 Working principle
		13.1.3 Analysis of the MRE absorber
	13.2 Experiment test of the hybrid MRE absorber
		13.2.1 Experiment setup
		13.2.2 Testing result
			13.2.2.1 Nonlinearity verification
			13.2.2.2 Adaptability verification
	13.3 Vibration reduction evaluation
		13.3.1 Performance of the MRE absorber under different amplitudes
		13.3.2 The performance comparison between passive absorber and controlled absorber
	13.4 Conclusion
	References
14 Development of smart base isolation system for civil structures utilising magnetorheological elastomer
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Smart base isolation concept
	14.3 Adaptive base isolator
		14.3.1 Structure
		14.3.2 Finite element analysis
		14.3.3 Characterisation testing
	14.4 Nonlinear hysteresis modelling
		14.4.1 Parametric models
		14.4.2 Non-parametric model
	14.5 Control algorithms
		14.5.1 LQR control with GRNN inverse model
		14.5.2 GA optimised fuzzy-logic control
	14.6 Experimental setup
		14.6.1 Three-storey building
		14.6.2 Isolation system assembly
		14.6.3 Data acquisition and control system
		14.6.4 Earthquake excitation
	14.7 Results and discussions
		14.7.1 Time history
		14.7.2 Peek floor acceleration
		14.7.3 Control force and applied current
	Acknowledgements
	References
15 The designation and mechanical properties of magnetorheological plastomer
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 Fabrication methods of MRPs
		15.2.1 Hydrogel-like MRP
		15.2.2 Polyurethane MRP
		15.2.3 Shear-thickening MRP
		15.2.4 Thermosensitive MRP
	15.3 Mechanical properties
		15.3.1 MR effect of MRP
		15.3.2 Dynamic mechanical properties of MRP
		15.3.3 Magnetic–electric coupling properties of MRP
	15.4 Mechanism
	15.5 Application
	15.6 Conclusion
	References
Index