LPIC-1: Linux Professional Institute Certification Study Guide (Level 1 Exams 101 and 102)

LPIC-1 Study Guide......Page 1
Front Matter......Page 0
Acknowledgments......Page 6
Contents at a Glance......Page 7
Contents......Page 9
Table of Exercises......Page 19
Why Become LPI Certified?......Page 21
Who Should Buy This Book......Page 22
How This Book Is Organized......Page 23
Bonus CD-ROM Contents......Page 24
Conventions Used in This Book......Page 25
Exam 101......Page 26
Exam 102......Page 28
Assessment Test......Page 30
Answers to Assessment Test......Page 36
Linux Command-Line Tools......Page 43
Linux Shell Options......Page 44
Using a Shell......Page 45
Shell Configuration......Page 50
Using Environment Variables......Page 51
Getting Help......Page 52
Types of Streams......Page 53
Redirecting Input and Output......Page 54
Piping Data Between Programs......Page 55
Generating Command Lines......Page 56
File-Combining Commands......Page 57
File-Transforming Commands......Page 59
File-Formatting Commands......Page 63
File-Viewing Commands......Page 66
File-Summarizing Commands......Page 67
Understanding Regular Expressions......Page 69
Using......Page 70
Editing Files with Vi......Page 73
Basic Text-Editing Procedures......Page 74
Managing Processes......Page 77
Examining Process Lists......Page 78
Foreground and Background Processes......Page 83
Managing Process Priorities......Page 84
Killing Processes......Page 85
Exam Essentials......Page 87
Review Questions......Page 89
Answers to Review Questions......Page 93
Managing Software......Page 97
Package Concepts......Page 98
RPM Distributions and Conventions......Page 100
Upgrades to RPM......Page 102
Command Set......Page 103
Extracting Data from RPMs......Page 107
RPM Configuration Files......Page 109
Using Debian Packages......Page 110
Command Set......Page 111
Using......Page 114
Debian Packages Compared to Other Package Formats......Page 120
Configuring Debian Package Tools......Page 121
Converting between Package Formats......Page 122
Real and Imagined Package Dependency Problems......Page 123
Workarounds to Package Dependency Problems......Page 124
Startup Script Problems......Page 126
Obtaining and Extracting Software......Page 127
Configuring Software......Page 129
Compiling and Installing Software......Page 130
Uninstalling Locally Compiled Software......Page 132
Library Principles......Page 133
Locating Library Files......Page 134
Library Management Commands......Page 137
Exam Essentials......Page 139
Review Questions......Page 141
Answers to Review Questions......Page 145
Configuring Hardware......Page 149
Understanding the Role of the BIOS......Page 150
IRQs......Page 151
I/O Addresses......Page 154
DMA Addresses......Page 155
Boot Disks and Geometry Settings......Page 156
Configuring ISA Devices......Page 158
Configuring PCI Devices......Page 160
Functions of Modems......Page 161
Setting the RS-232 Serial Port Characteristics......Page 162
Winmodem Detection and Avoidance......Page 163
Using Broadband Hardware......Page 164
USB Basics......Page 165
Linux USB Drivers......Page 166
USB Manager Applications......Page 167
Configuring Sound Cards......Page 168
Varieties of SCSI......Page 170
SCSI IDs......Page 171
SCSI Termination......Page 172
Identifying SCSI Hardware......Page 173
Why Partition?......Page 174
Types of Disk Partitions......Page 175
Mount Points......Page 177
Common Partitions and Filesystem Layouts......Page 178
Creating Partitions and Filesystems......Page 179
Partitioning a Disk......Page 180
Preparing a Partition for Use......Page 183
Boot Loader Principles......Page 189
Using LILO or GRUB......Page 191
Exam Essentials......Page 192
Review Questions......Page 194
Answers to Review Questions......Page 198
Managing Files and Filesystems......Page 201
Maintaining Filesystem Health......Page 202
Tuning Filesystems......Page 203
Maintaining a Journal......Page 205
Checking Filesystems......Page 206
Monitoring Disk Use......Page 208
Temporarily Mounting or Unmounting Filesystems......Page 211
Permanently Mounting Filesystems......Page 216
Managing Files......Page 218
File Naming and Wildcard Expansion Rules......Page 219
File Commands......Page 220
Managing Links......Page 225
Directory Commands......Page 226
Assessing File Ownership......Page 227
Changing a FileÌs Group......Page 228
Understanding Permissions......Page 229
Changing a FileÌs Mode......Page 233
Setting the Default Mode and Group......Page 237
Changing File Attributes......Page 238
Enabling Quota Support......Page 239
Setting Quotas for Users......Page 240
The FHS......Page 241
Tools for Locating Files......Page 245
Summary......Page 248
Exam Essentials......Page 249
Review Questions......Page 251
Answers to Review Questions......Page 255
The X Window System......Page 259
X Server Options for Linux......Page 260
Methods of Configuring X......Page 261
X Configuration Options......Page 266
Fine-Tuning Video Modes......Page 275
Font Technologies and Formats......Page 276
Configuring X Core Fonts......Page 277
Configuring a Font Server......Page 279
Configuring Xft Fonts......Page 280
The X GUI Login System......Page 282
Configuring an XDMCP Server......Page 283
Desktop Environment Choices......Page 285
Configuring Linux to Run Your Desktop Environment......Page 286
Configuring the X Environment......Page 289
X Client/Server Principles......Page 290
Using Remote X Clients......Page 291
Summary......Page 293
Exam Essentials......Page 294
Review Questions......Page 295
Answers to Review Questions......Page 300
The Boot Process and Scripts......Page 305
Obtaining Information about the Kernel and Its Modules......Page 306
Loading Kernel Modules......Page 310
Removing Kernel Modules......Page 311
Maintaining Kernel Modules......Page 312
Kernel Version Numbering......Page 314
Obtaining the Kernel......Page 316
Configuring the Kernel......Page 318
Putting Everything in Its Place......Page 321
Configuring a Boot Loader......Page 322
Using LILO as the Boot Loader......Page 323
Using GRUB as the Boot Loader......Page 327
Extracting Information on the Boot Process......Page 332
The Boot Process......Page 333
Runlevel Functions......Page 334
Identifying the Services in a Runlevel......Page 336
Managing Runlevel Services......Page 337
Checking Your Runlevel......Page 339
Changing Runlevels on a Running System......Page 340
Shell Options......Page 342
Built-in Shell Functions......Page 343
Using Environment Variables......Page 344
Shell Configuration Files......Page 348
Beginning a Shell Script......Page 350
Using Commands......Page 351
Using Variables......Page 353
Using Conditional Expressions......Page 355
Using Functions......Page 357
Exam Essentials......Page 359
Review Questions......Page 361
Answers to Review Questions......Page 365
Documentation and Security......Page 369
Using Linux Manual Pages......Page 370
Using Package Documentation......Page 374
Finding Linux Documentation and Help on the Internet......Page 375
Additional Online Help Resources......Page 376
Communicating with Users......Page 378
Restricting Access by Ports......Page 379
Common Server Ports......Page 380
Configuring a Firewall......Page 382
Using Super Server Restrictions......Page 393
Disabling Unused Servers......Page 395
Tracking Down SUID/SGID Programs......Page 400
Verifying Package Integrity......Page 401
Keeping Packages Up-to-Date......Page 404
Password Risks......Page 406
Choosing a Good Password......Page 407
Tools for Managing Passwords......Page 409
Configuring Mail Aliases......Page 410
Setting Login, Process, and Memory Limits......Page 411
Summary......Page 412
Exam Essentials......Page 413
Review Questions......Page 415
Answers to Review Questions......Page 419
Administering the System......Page 423
User and Group Concepts......Page 424
Configuring User Accounts......Page 427
Configuring Groups......Page 437
Tuning User and System Environments......Page 441
Setting Logging Options......Page 442
Rotating Log Files......Page 444
Reviewing Log File Contents......Page 447
Linux Time Concepts......Page 449
Setting the Time Zone......Page 450
Manually Setting the Time......Page 451
Using NTP......Page 453
The Role of......Page 458
Jobs......Page 459
Jobs......Page 460
Using......Page 461
Common Backup Hardware......Page 465
Common Backup Programs......Page 467
Planning a Backup Schedule......Page 472
Preparing for Disaster: Backup Recovery......Page 474
Exam Essentials......Page 476
Review Questions......Page 478
Answers to Review Questions......Page 482
Basic Networking......Page 485
Basic Functions of Network Hardware......Page 486
Types of Network Hardware......Page 487
Network Packets......Page 488
Network Protocol Stacks......Page 489
TCP/IP Protocol Types......Page 490
Network Addressing......Page 491
Types of Network Addresses......Page 492
Resolving Hostnames......Page 497
Network Ports......Page 499
Network Hardware Configuration......Page 500
Static IP Address Configuration......Page 501
Configuring Routing......Page 504
Using GUI Configuration Tools......Page 505
Hostname Configuration......Page 506
Making Basic PPP Connections......Page 508
Using Supplemental PPP Tools......Page 510
Diagnosing Local and PPP Connections......Page 512
Tracing a Route......Page 513
Checking Network Status......Page 514
Examining Raw Network Traffic......Page 515
Using Additional Tools......Page 516
The Role of a Super Server......Page 518
Configuring......Page 520
The Linux Printing Architecture......Page 524
Understanding PostScript and Ghostscript......Page 525
Configuring BSD LPD and LPRng......Page 528
Configuring CUPS......Page 531
Printing to Windows or Samba Printers......Page 536
Monitoring and Controlling the Print Queue......Page 537
Exam Essentials......Page 542
Review Questions......Page 544
Answers to Review Questions......Page 548
Managing Servers......Page 551
Configuring Sendmail......Page 552
E-Mail Basics......Page 553
Setting Sendmail Options for Your System......Page 554
Managing the Mail Queue......Page 558
Sendmail Security Considerations......Page 559
Apache Basics......Page 560
Setting Apache Options for Your System......Page 562
Apache Security Considerations......Page 563
NFS Basics......Page 564
Creating File Exports......Page 565
Mounting NFS Exports......Page 566
NFS Security Considerations......Page 567
Samba Basics......Page 568
Using Samba as a Server......Page 569
Samba Security Considerations......Page 576
DNS Server Basics......Page 577
Setting DNS Options for Your Network......Page 579
Using a Forwarding DNS Server......Page 580
Configuring SSH......Page 581
SSH Basics......Page 582
Setting SSH Options for Your System......Page 583
Exam Essentials......Page 586
Review Questions......Page 588
Answers to Review Questions......Page 592
Glossary......Page 595