Lifeline Engineering Systems: Network Reliability Analysis and Aseismic Design

Preface
Contents
1 Introduction
	1.1 Lifeline Engineering Systems
	1.2 Damages of Lifeline Systems in Past Earthquakes
	1.3 Main Content of the Book
	References
2 Seismic Hazard Assessment
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Uncertainty and Probability Model
		2.2.1 Earthquake Occurrence Probability Model
		2.2.2 Potential Seismic Zone
		2.2.3 Probability Distribution Function of Earthquake Magnitude
		2.2.4 Ground Motion Attenuation
	2.3 Seismic Hazard Analysis Method
		2.3.1 Point-Source Model
		2.3.2 Line-Source Model
		2.3.3 Area-Source Model
		2.3.4 Probability Distribution Function of Ground Motion Amplitude
	References
3 Seismic Ground Motion Model
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Statistically-Based Model
		3.2.1 Stationary and Non-stationary Processes
		3.2.2 One-Dimensional Stochastic Process Model
		3.2.3 Random Field Model
	3.3 Physically-Based Model
		3.3.1 Fourier Spectral Form of One-Dimensional Ground Motion
		3.3.2 Seismic Source Spectrum
		3.3.3 Transfer Function of the Path
		3.3.4 Local Site Effect
		3.3.5 One-Dimensional Ground Motion Model
		3.3.6 Physical Random Field Model of Ground Motions
	References
4 Seismic Performance Evaluation of Buried Pipelines
	4.1 Seismic Damage of Buried Pipelines
		4.1.1 Pipeline Damage in Past Earthquakes
		4.1.2 Damage Characteristics of Buried Pipelines
		4.1.3 Factors Affecting Buried Pipeline Damages
		4.1.4 Empirical Statistics of Damage Ratio
	4.2 Seismic Response Analysis of Buried Pipelines
		4.2.1 Pseudo-static Analysis Method
		4.2.2 Pipeline Stress Computation
	4.3 Seismic Response Analysis of Pipeline Networks
	4.4 Seismic Reliability Evaluation of Buried Pipeline
		4.4.1 Uncertainty of Pipeline Resistance
		4.4.2 Seismic Reliability Analysis of Buried Pipelines
	References
5 Seismic Response Analysis of Structures
	5.1 Structural Analysis Model
		5.1.1 General Finite Element Model
		5.1.2 Seismic Analysis Model of Structure-Equipment Systems
		5.1.3 Dynamic Analysis Model of Structure Subject to Multi-point Ground Motions
	5.2 Deterministic Seismic Response Analysis of Structures
		5.2.1 Linear Acceleration Algorithm
		5.2.2 Generalized α-Algorithm
	5.3 Stochastic Seismic Response Analysis of Structures
		5.3.1 Principle of Preservation of Probability
		5.3.2 The Generalized Probability Density Evolution Equation
		5.3.3 Numerical Method for Solving General Probability Density Evolution Equation
	5.4 Seismic Reliability Analysis of Structures
	References
6 Seismic Reliability Analysis of Engineering Network (I)—Connectivity Reliability
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Foundation of System Reliability Analysis
		6.2.1 Basic Concepts of Graph Theory
		6.2.2 Structural Function of Network Systems
		6.2.3 Reliability of Simple Network System
	6.3 Minimal Path Algorithm
		6.3.1 Adjacent Matrix Algorithm
		6.3.2 Depth First Search Algorithm
		6.3.3 Breadth First Search Algorithm
	6.4 Disjoint Minimal Path Algorithm
		6.4.1 Reliability Evaluation of Network System and Its Complexity
		6.4.2 Disjoint Minimal Path Algorithm
		6.4.3 Reliability Analysis Based on DMP Algorithm
	6.5 Recursive Decomposition Algorithm
		6.5.1 Related Theorems
		6.5.2 RDA for Edge-Weighted Network
		6.5.3 RDA for Node-Weighted Network
	6.6 Cut-Based Recursive Decomposition Algorithm
		6.6.1 Minimal Cut Searching Algorithm
		6.6.2 Cut-Based Recursive Decomposition Algorithm
	6.7 Reliability Analysis of Network with Dependent Failure
	6.8 Monte Carlo Simulation Method
	References
7 Seismic Reliability Analysis of Engineering Network (II)—The Functional Reliability
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Functional Analysis of Water Supply Network
	7.3 Functional Analysis of Water Supply Network with Leakage
		7.3.1 Hydraulic equation of water supply network with leakage
		7.3.2 Analysis method
	7.4 Seismic Functional Reliability Analysis of Water Supply Network
	References
8 Aseismic Optimal Design of Lifeline Networks
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Network Topology Optimization Based on Connectivity Reliability
		8.2.1 Topology Optimization Model
		8.2.2 Genetic Algorithm
		8.2.3 Examples
	8.3 Topology Optimization of Water Supply Network
		8.3.1 Optimization Model
		8.3.2 Algorithms for Seismic Topology Optimization
		8.3.3 Examples
	References
9 Simulation and Control of Composite Lifeline System
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Disaster Response Simulation of Composite Lifeline System
		9.2.1 Fundamentals of Discrete Event Dynamic Simulation
		9.2.2 Simulation of Composite Lifeline Engineering System
		9.2.3 Disaster Simulation Model of Composite Lifeline System
		9.2.4 Simulation Convergence Criteria and Simulation Statistics
	9.3 Petri Net Model for Disaster Simulation of Composite Lifeline System
		9.3.1 Classic Petri Net
		9.3.2 Non-Autonomous Colored Petri Net
		9.3.3 Seismic Disaster Simulation of Composite Lifeline System
	9.4 Case Study on Seismic Disaster Simulation
	9.5 Urban Earthquake Disaster Field Control
		9.5.1 System Control Based on Structural Behavior
		9.5.2 System Control Based on Investment Behavior
		9.5.3 Case Study
	References
Appendix A Boolean Algebra Basic
A.1 Boolean Variable
A.2 Basic Operation
A.2.1 Union Operation
A.2.2 Intersection Operation
A.2.3 Inverse Operation
A.3 Basic Law of Boolean Algebra
A.3.1 Commutative Law
A.3.2 Distributive Law
A.3.3 Principal Element Law
A.3.4 Complementary Element Law
A.3.5 Associative Law
A.3.6 Absorption Law
A.3.7 Idempotent Law
A.3.8 Overlay Law
A.4 Disjoint Sum
A.5 Main Theorems of Boolean Algebra
A.5.1 Theorem 1: De Morgan Theorem
A.5.2 Theorem 2: Inclusive Exclusive Theorem
Appendix B Seismic Reliability Analysis of Transformer Substation
B.1 Basic Category of Main Connection Systems
B.2 Principle of Seismic Reliability Analysis of Main Connection System
B.3 Seismic Reliability Analysis Model of the Main Connection System
Appendix C Seismic Secondary Fire Analysis
C.1 Seismic Secondary Fire Model
C.2 Statistical Parameters of Firefighting
Bibliography