Learning SPARQL

Table of Contents
Preface
	Why Learn SPARQL?
	Organization of This Book
	Conventions Used in This Book
	Documentation Conventions
	Using Code Examples
	Safari® Books Online
	How to Contact Us
	Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Jumping Right In: Some Data and Some Queries
	The Data to Query
	Querying the Data
	More Realistic Data and Matching on Multiple Triples
	Searching for Strings
	What Could Go Wrong?
	Querying a Public Data Source
	Summary
Chapter 2. The Semantic Web, RDF, and Linked  Data (and SPARQL)
	What Exactly Is the “Semantic Web”?
	URLs, URIs, IRIs, and Namespaces
	The Resource Description Framework (RDF)
		Storing RDF in Files
		Storing RDF in Databases
		Data Typing
		Making RDF More Readable with Language Tags and Labels
		Blank Nodes and Why They’re Useful
		Named Graphs
	Reusing and Creating Vocabularies: RDF Schema and OWL
	Linked Data
	SPARQL’s Past, Present, and Future
	The SPARQL Specifications
	Summary
Chapter 3. SPARQL Queries: A Deeper Dive
	More Readable Query Results
		Using the Labels Provided by DBpedia
		Getting Labels from Schemas and Ontologies
	Data That Might Not Be There
	Finding Data That Doesn’t Meet Certain Conditions
	Searching Further in the Data
	Searching with Blank Nodes
	Eliminating Redundant Output
	Combining Different Search Conditions
	FILTERing Data Based on Conditions
	Retrieving a Specific Number of Results
	Querying Named Graphs
	Queries in Your Queries
	Combining Values and Assigning Values to Variables
	Creating Tables of Values in Your Queries
	Sorting, Aggregating, Finding the Biggest and Smallest and...
		Sorting Data
		Finding the Smallest, the Biggest, the Count, the Average...
		Grouping Data and Finding Aggregate Values within Groups
	Querying a Remote SPARQL Service
	Federated Queries: Searching Multiple Datasets with One Query
	Summary
Chapter 4. Copying, Creating, and Converting Data (and Finding Bad Data)
	Query Forms: SELECT, DESCRIBE, ASK, and CONSTRUCT
	Copying Data
	Creating New Data
	Converting Data
	Finding Bad Data
		Defining Rules with SPARQL
		Generating Data About Broken Rules
		Using Existing SPARQL Rules Vocabularies
	Asking for a Description of a Resource
	Summary
Chapter 5. Datatypes and Functions
	Datatypes and Queries
		Representing Strings
		Comparing Values and Doing Arithmetic
	Functions
		Program Logic Functions
		Node Type and Datatype Checking Functions
		Node Type Conversion Functions
		Datatype Conversion
		Checking, Adding, and Removing Spoken Language Tags
		String Functions
		Numeric Functions
		Date and Time Functions
		Hash Functions
	Extension Functions
	Summary
Chapter 6. Updating Data with SPARQL
	Getting Started with Fuseki
	Adding Data to a Dataset
	Deleting Data
	Changing Existing Data
	Named Graphs
		Dropping Graphs
		Named Graph Syntax Shortcuts: WITH and USING
		Copying and Moving Entire Graphs
		Deleting and Replacing Triples in Named Graphs
	Summary
Chapter 7. Query Efficiency and Debugging
	Efficiency Inside the WHERE Clause
		Reduce the Search Space
		OPTIONAL Is Very Optional
		Triple Pattern Order Matters
		FILTERs: Where and What
		Property Paths Can Be Expensive
	Efficiency Outside the WHERE Clause
	Debugging
		Manual Debugging
		SPARQL Algebra
		Debugging Tools
	Summary
Chapter 8. Working with SPARQL Query Result  Formats
	SPARQL Query Results XML Format
		Processing XML Query Results
	SPARQL Query Results JSON Format
		Processing JSON Query Results
	SPARQL Query Results CSV and TSV Formats
		Using CSV Query Results
		TSV Query Results
	Summary
Chapter 9. RDF Schema, OWL, and Inferencing
	What Is Inferencing?
		Inferred Triples and Your Query
		More than RDFS, Less than Full OWL
	SPARQL and RDFS Inferencing
	SPARQL and OWL Inferencing
	Using SPARQL to Do Your Inferencing
	Querying Schemas
	Summary
Chapter 10. Building Applications with SPARQL
	Applications and Triples
		Property Functions
		Model-Driven Development
	SPARQL and Web Application Development
	SPARQL Processors
		Standalone Processors
		Triplestore SPARQL Support
		Middleware SPARQL Support
		Public Endpoints, Private Endpoints
	SPARQL and HTTP
		GET a Graph of Triples
		PUT a Graph of Triples
		POST a Graph of Triples
		DELETE a Graph of Triples
	Summary
Chapter 11. A SPARQL Cookbook
	Themes and Variations
	Exploring the Data
		How Do I Look at All the Data at Once?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		What Classes Are Declared?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		What Properties Are Declared?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		Which Classes Have Instances?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		What Properties Are Used?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		Which Classes Use a Particular Property?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		How Much Was a Given Property Used?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		How Much Was a Given Class Used?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		A Given Class Has Lots of Instances. What Are These Things?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		What Data Is Stored About a Class’s Instances?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		What Values Does a Given Property Have?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		A Certain Property’s Values Are Resources. What Data Do We Have About Them?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		How Do I Find Undeclared Properties?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		How Do I Treat a URI as a String?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		Which Data or Property Name Includes a Certain Substring?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		How Do I Convert a String to a URI?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		How Do I Query a Remote Endpoint?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		How Do I Retrieve Triples from a Remote Endpoint?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
	Creating and Updating Data
		How Do I Delete All the Data?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		How Do I Globally Replace a Property Value?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		How Do I Replace One Property with Another?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		How Do I Change the Datatype of a Certain Property’s Values?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
		How Do I Turn Resources into Instances of Declared Classes?
			Problem
			Solution
			Discussion
			See Also
	Summary
Glossary
Index