Language and Education in Japan: Unequal Access to Bilingualism

Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 8
List of Tables and Figures......Page 10
Acknowledgements......Page 11
Series Editor\'s Preface......Page 13
1 Introduction......Page 14
Significance of the study......Page 17
Structure of the book......Page 18
Japan\'s diversity......Page 22
Bilingual education in Japan......Page 26
Theoretical framework......Page 34
Critical ethnography......Page 41
The process......Page 43
3 Nichiei Immersion School......Page 51
\'Children must be international!\'......Page 54
Hands-on instruction......Page 56
Listening to English, speaking Japanese......Page 58
Japanese classes for developing higher-order thinking skills......Page 62
The teacher\'s job......Page 64
\'This is a private school\'......Page 67
Junior high school......Page 69
4 Zhonghua Chinese Ethnic School......Page 72
Fostering Chinese identity......Page 73
The teaching of Chinese culture......Page 74
Traditional instruction......Page 76
JSL and EFL......Page 80
Active student participation......Page 82
Education is politics – literally......Page 85
Four generations in one school......Page 86
A non-accredited school......Page 91
Emphasis on Japanese in junior high school......Page 93
5 Hal International School......Page 96
\'We are not a language school; we are a school\'......Page 98
F, S, and JNN......Page 101
Parents as stakeholders......Page 109
Japanese teachers as special subject teachers......Page 111
\'Fruit are the students\'......Page 114
6 Sugino Public Elementary School......Page 117
JSL instruction......Page 119
Student-centered learning......Page 124
\'A place to put a dresser\': Subtractive bilingualism......Page 127
School-wide academic underachievement......Page 131
Social integration, linguistic assimilation......Page 134
7 Midori Public Elementary School......Page 137
JSL instruction......Page 139
Bilingual instruction in the JSL class......Page 142
Instruction in the homeroom class......Page 146
The use of instructional materials......Page 147
Language minority students in the homeroom class......Page 149
Laissez-faire attitude......Page 152
Parents......Page 156
Elite bilingualism......Page 158
Subtractive bilingualism......Page 166
Imagining an alternative future......Page 176
Student bilingualism and identities......Page 181
Older students\' agency......Page 187
9 Conclusion......Page 190
Notes......Page 196
References......Page 202
L......Page 211
Y......Page 212
E......Page 213
I......Page 214
L......Page 215
M......Page 216
S......Page 217
Z......Page 219