Land Surface Hydrology, Meteorology, and Climate: Observations and Modeling

Title Page......Page 1
Copyright......Page 2
Contents......Page 3
Preface......Page 5
INTRODUCTION......Page 6
SUMMARY......Page 9
Section 1 Observations......Page 10
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 11
2. EXPERIMENT......Page 13
3. RESULTS......Page 15
REFERENCES......Page 16
Time Difference Methods for Monitoring Regional Scale Heat Fluxes with Remote Sensing......Page 18
INTRODUCTION......Page 19
MODEL OVERVIEW......Page 20
THE DATA......Page 22
MODEL RESULTS......Page 23
CONCLUSIONS......Page 26
APPENDIX A......Page 28
REFERENCES......Page 31
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 33
2. MODEL FORMULATION AND PERFORMANCE......Page 34
3. CONCLUSIONS......Page 44
REFERENCES......Page 46
RATIONAL FOR AND APPLICATION OF SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT MEASUREMENTS......Page 48
EVOLUTION OF INSTRUMENTATION AND APPLICATIONS- CASE STUDIES......Page 50
REFERENCES......Page 60
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 64
2. MODEL AND DATA......Page 65
3. ESTIMATING PARAMETERS USING MULTICRITERIA METHODS......Page 66
4. CASE STUDY......Page 67
5. DISCUSSION......Page 71
6. REFERENCES......Page 74
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 76
2. REVIEW OF A PRIORI PARAMETER ESTIMATION PROCEDURES......Page 78
3. LIMITATIONS OF EXISTING A PRIORI PARAMETER ESTIMATION PROCEDURES......Page 81
4. PARAMETER ESTIMATION STRATEGY......Page 83
5. TESTING THE PARAMETER ESTIMATION STRATEGY......Page 85
6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 89
7. REFERENCES......Page 91
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 94
2. MEAN AND VARIABILITY RELATIONS......Page 95
3. GCM COMPARISON......Page 96
4. DISCUSSION......Page 99
APPENDIX A: DETAILS REGARDING GCM SIMULATIONS......Page 101
REFERENCES......Page 103
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 105
2. ADVANCES IN APPLYING LSMS FOR MESOSCALE WEATHER PREDICTION AND RESEARCH
......Page 108
3. ROLE OF LAND-SURFACE/ECOLOGY MODELS IN REGIONAL CLIMATE STUDIES......Page 122
4. CONCLUDING REMARKS......Page 124
REFERENCES......Page 127
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 134
2. MODELING APPROACH......Page 136
3. METHODS OF COMPARISON......Page 139
4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 141
REFERENCES......Page 153
Section 3: INTEGRATION OF OBSERVATIONS AND MODELING......Page 156
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 157
2. BACKGROUND......Page 158
3. DATA AND METHODS......Page 159
4. RESULTS......Page 161
5. DISCUSSION......Page 166
6. CONCLUSION......Page 167
REFERENCES......Page 171
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 173
2. OVERVIEW OF THE BETHY MODEL......Page 175
3. ASSIMILATION OF FAPAR......Page 177
4. ASSIMILATION OF SURFACE TEMPERATURE......Page 178
5. DATA REQUIREMENTS......Page 181
6. RESULTS......Page 183
7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION......Page 192
REFERENCES......Page 193
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 197
2. SITE DESCRIPTION......Page 198
3. INITIAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 203
4. WHERE TO FROM HERE?......Page 206
5. CONCLUDING REMARKS......Page 207
REFERENCES......Page 208
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 210
2. PROGRAMMATIC CONTEXT FOR GCIP AND OTHER LARGE-SCALE LAND ATMOSPHERE EXPERIMENTS......Page 211
3. CLOSING THE WATER BUDGET......Page 213
5. THE USE OF DATA IN MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND SIMULATIONS......Page 215
6. CRITICAL LAND SURFACE PROCESSES......Page 218
7. APPLICATIONS OF KNOWLEDGE......Page 221
8. SUMMARY......Page 222
9. REFERENCES:......Page 223
INTRODUCTION......Page 226
ENSO AND STREAMFLOW DATA......Page 227
ENSO-STREAMFLOW TELECONNECTION......Page 228
SEASONAL STREAMFLOW FORECASTING......Page 230
USE OF SEASONAL STREAMFLOW FORECASTS FOR WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT......Page 235
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 237
REFERENCES......Page 239