Lake and Pond Management Guidebook

Front Cover......Page 1
Preface......Page 4
About the Author......Page 8
1.2 Erosion Control Ordinances and Community Education......Page 20
1.3.1 Street Sweeping Programs......Page 21
1.3.3 Dry Ponds......Page 22
1.3.4 Wet Ponds......Page 23
1.3.5 Constructed Wetlands......Page 24
1.4 Gully and Streambank Erosion Control......Page 26
1.5.1 Native Landscaping and Upland Buffers......Page 31
1.5.2 Wave Breaks for Lakeshore Protection......Page 37
1.5.3 Biostabilization in the Lakeshore......Page 41
1.5.4 Structural Lakeshore Protection......Page 46
1.5.5 Lakeshore Protection from Ice Action......Page 50
1.5.6 Aquascaping: Working with Plants and Woody Debris in Shallow Water......Page 52
1.5.7 Shoreland Protection Checklist......Page 54
1.6 Living with Shoreland Wildlife......Page 56
1.6.1 Attracting Deer......Page 57
1.6.3 Attracting Amphibians......Page 58
1.6.5 Attracting Birds......Page 59
1.6.6 Attracting Osprey......Page 60
1.6.7 Attracting Loons......Page 62
1.6.8 Attracting Wood Ducks......Page 64
1.6.9 Attracting Mallards......Page 66
1.6.10 Controlling Deer......Page 68
1.6.12 Controlling Muskrats......Page 70
1.6.13 Controlling Beavers......Page 72
1.6.14 Controlling Geese and Ducks......Page 74
1.6.15 Controlling Mosquitoes......Page 78
1.6.16 Lyme Disease......Page 80
1.6.17 Zebra Mussel Projects......Page 82
1.6.18 Controlling Rusty Crayfish......Page 84
1.6.19 Controlling Swimmer's Itch......Page 86
1.6.20 Reducing Leeches......Page 88
1.7.1 Lakescaping Includes Three Components......Page 89
1.7.2 Wild Lake vs. Developed Lake Settings......Page 90
That's History References......Page 91
2.2 Nutrient Reduction Strategies......Page 94
2.2.1 Source Reduction in the Watershed......Page 95
2.2.2 Fertilizer Guidelines — or Ordinances?......Page 97
2.2.4 Motorboat Restrictions......Page 98
2.3.1 Using Bacteria for Algae Control......Page 99
2.3.3 Roughfish Removal......Page 100
2.3.4 Biomanipulation......Page 101
2.3.6 Bioscaping......Page 102
2.4 Lake Aeration/Circulation......Page 104
2.4.1 Conventional Aeration......Page 105
2.4.3 Wind-Powered Aerators......Page 107
2.4.4 Fountain Aerators......Page 108
2.4.5 Hypolimnetic Aeration......Page 109
2.5.1 Barley Straw......Page 110
2.5.2 Alum Dosing Stations......Page 115
2.5.3 Buffered Alum for Sediment Treatments......Page 117
2.5.4 Calcium Compounds......Page 119
2.5.7 Algicides......Page 120
2.6.1 Nets for Filamentous Algae......Page 122
2.6.3 Microscreens......Page 126
2.6.5 Swirl Removal......Page 127
That's History References......Page 128
3.2.1 If Plants Are Not Present, Why Not?......Page 130
3.3.1 Selecting the Appropriate Removal Technique......Page 138
3.3.2 Control Techniques for Emergent and Floating-Leaf Plants......Page 143
3.3.3 Control Techniques for Submerged Plants......Page 148
3.3.4 Other Techniques......Page 170
3.3.5 Programs for Controlling Submerged Exotic Aquatic Plants......Page 179
That's History References......Page 189
4.1 Introduction......Page 190
4.2.1 Improve Spawning Areas......Page 191
4.2.3 Reopen Springs......Page 193
4.2.4 Construct Walleye Spawning Areas......Page 194
4.2.5 Increase Structure......Page 195
4.3.1 Fish Stocking Options......Page 198
4.4.1 Increase the Food Base......Page 204
4.4.2 Reduce Overfishing......Page 206
4.4.3 Preventing Disease......Page 208
4.4.4 Preventing Winterkill......Page 212
4.5.1 Stunted Panfish Projects......Page 217
4.5.2 Roughfish Control......Page 223
That's History References......Page 232
5.1 Introduction......Page 234
5.2.1 Muck Buckets and Barging......Page 235
5.2.3 Scrapers/Slushers......Page 236
5.2.4 Small and Large Loaders......Page 238
5.2.5 Backhoe......Page 239
5.2.6 Amphibious Excavator......Page 240
5.2.7 Drawdown and Sediment Removal......Page 241
5.3 Pumping Systems for Small-Scale Dredging......Page 242
5.3.1 The Suction Intake......Page 243
5.3.2 The Pump......Page 244
5.4.1 The CounterVac Pump......Page 246
5.4.2 The Hydraulically Driven Pump Dredge......Page 247
5.4.3 The Suction Cutterhead Dredge......Page 248
5.5.1 Silt Fences and Hay Bales......Page 249
5.5.3 Portable Pools......Page 250
5.5.4 Dump Truck Filtration......Page 251
5.6.2 Aeration......Page 252
That's History Reference......Page 253
6.2.1 Septic Tank and Drainfield......Page 254
6.3.1 Locating the On-Site System......Page 256
6.3.3 Rest Drainfields......Page 257
6.4.2 Door-to-Door Surveys and Mailed Questionnaires......Page 258
6.4.4 Septic Leachate Detectors and Conductivity Surveys......Page 260
6.4.5 Aerial Photography: Infrared and Color......Page 261
6.4.6 Water Testing in Wells and Lakes......Page 262
6.5 Systems for Problem Conditions......Page 263
6.5.1 Outhouse......Page 264
6.5.4 Holding Tanks......Page 265
6.5.7 Blackwater/Graywater Systems......Page 266
6.5.9 Mound Systems......Page 267
6.5.11 Serial Distribution......Page 268
6.5.12 Nitrate Removal Systems......Page 269
6.5.14 Cluster Systems......Page 270
6.5.15 Pressure Sewers......Page 271
6.5.16 Small-Diameter Gravity Sewers......Page 272
6.5.17 Conventional Centralized Treatment Systems......Page 273
6.6.3 Economics......Page 274
That's History References......Page 275
7.1 Introduction......Page 276
7.2.1 Natural Ponds and Constructed Ponds are Similar......Page 277
7.2.2 But Constructed and Natural Ponds also Differ......Page 278
7.3.1 Wildlife......Page 279
7.4.2 Biological Control......Page 281
7.4.4 Chemical Additions......Page 282
7.4.5 Physical Removal of Duckweed and Filamentous Algae......Page 284
7.5.1 Techniques to Increase Aquatic Plants......Page 285
7.6.1 Conducting Your Own Fish Surveys......Page 286
7.6.3 Stocking Fish......Page 287
7.6.5 Reduce the Number of Unwanted Fish......Page 289
7.6.6 Fishing for Fun and Food......Page 290
7.7.2 Hydraulic Dredging......Page 292
7.8.2 Clearing Up Muddy Water......Page 293
References......Page 294
That's History References......Page 295
A......Page 296
B......Page 297
D......Page 298
F......Page 299
L......Page 300
O......Page 301
S......Page 302
W......Page 304
Z......Page 305