Kozier and Erb's Fundamentals of Nursing: Concepts, Process, and Practice (Australian Edition)

Preface
	Kozier and Erb’s Fundamentals of Nursing Concepts, Processes and Practice
	Copyright
	Brief table of contents
	Table of contents
	About the authors
	About the Australian authors
	Preface
	Reviewers
	Our core philosophies
	Features
	Contributors
	Fundamental care and the fundamentals of care framework
	Mapping to the NMBA registered nurse standards for practice
	The patient safety competency framework for nursing students
Unit 1 The nature of nursing
	Chapter 1 Historical and contemporary nursing practice
		Historical perspectives
		Contemporary nursing practice
		Roles and functions of the nurse
		Criteria of a profession
		Socialisation to nursing
		Factors influencing contemporary nursing practice
		Nursing organisations
		Chapter 1 Review
	Chapter 2 Nurse education, research and evidence-based practice
		Nurse education
		Types of nurse education programs
		Nursing research and evidence-based practice
		Critiquing research
		Chapter 2 Review
	Chapter 3 Nursing theories and conceptual frameworks
		Introduction to theories
		The metaparadigm for nursing
		Purposes of nursing theory
		Overview of selected nursing theories
		Nursing theorists in Australia
		Critique of nursing theory
		Chapter 3 Review
	Chapter 4 Legal aspects of nursing
		Legal aspects of nursing
		General legal concepts
		Regulation of nursing practice
		Contractual arrangements in nursing
		Selected legal aspects of nursing practice
		Areas of potential liability in nursing
		Legal protections in nursing practice
		Reporting crimes, torts and unsafe practices
		Legal responsibilities of students
		Chapter 4 Review
	Chapter 5 Values, ethics and advocacy
		Attitudes
		Beliefs
		Values
		Morals
		Ethics
		Nursing ethics
		Specific ethical issues
		Advocacy
		Chapter 5 Review
Unit 2 Contemporary health care
	Chapter 6 Health care delivery systems
		Types of health care services
		Types of health care agencies and services
		Providers of health care
		Factors affecting health care delivery
		The Australian health system
		Frameworks for care
		Financing health care
		Chapter 6 Review
	Chapter 7 Community health
		Health care reform
		Community-based health care
		Community health
		Community health and primary health care
		Community-based nursing
		Chapter 7 Review
	Chapter 8 Home care
		Home health nursing
		The home health care system in Australia
		Roles of the home health nurse
		Perspectives of home care
		Selected dimensions of home health nursing
		Nurse safety
		The practice of nursing in the home
		The future of home health care
		Chapter 8 Review
	Chapter 9 Regional and remote nursing
		Overview
		What is regional and remote nursing?
		The regional and remote nursing workforce
		Primary health care
		The health of regional and remote Australia
		Access to health services in regional and remote areas
		Indigenous health and indigenous communities in regional and remote Australia
		Challenges of distance in health
		Chapter 9 Review
	Chapter 10 Health informatics
		Health informatics
		Health information
		Technology in nursing and midwifery practice
		Computers in nursing and midwifery education
		Computers in administration
		Computers in nursing and midwifery research
		The future: Technology and health care
		Chapter 10 Review
Unit 3 The nursing process
	Chapter 11 Critical thinking and the nursing process
		Critical thinking uses
		Skills in critical thinking
		Attitudes for critical thinking
		Applying critical thinking to nursing practice
		Developing critical-thinking skills
		Chapter 11 Review
	Chapter 12 Assessing
		Overview of the nursing process
		Assessing
		Chapter 12 Review
	Chapter 13 Diagnosing
		Nursing diagnoses
		The diagnostic process
		Chapter 13 Review
	Chapter 14 Planning
		Introduction to care planning
		Types of care planning
		Developing nursing care plans
		The planning process
		Concept map: Amanda Szirom
		Chapter 14 Review
	Chapter 15 Implementing and evaluating
		Implementing
		Evaluating
		Chapter 15 Review
	Chapter 16 Documenting and reporting
		Ethical and legal considerations
		Purposes of patient records
		Documentation systems
		Documenting nursing activities
		Documentation in residential aged care facilities
		Home care documentation
		General guidelines for recording
		Reporting
		Chapter 16 Review
Unit 4 Health beliefs and practices
	Chapter 17 Health promotion
		Individual health
		Applying theoretical frameworks
		Defining health promotion
		Sites for health promotion activities
		Health promotion model
		Stages of health behaviour change
		The Nurse’s role in health promotion
		Nursing management
		Chapter 17 Review
	Chapter 18 Health, wellness and illness
		Concepts of health, wellness and wellbeing
		Models of health and wellness
		Variables influencing health status, beliefs and practices
		Health belief models
		Health care concordance
		Illness and disease
		Chapter 18 Review
	Chapter 19 Culture, nursing and Indigenous* health
		National organisations and trends
		Cultural nursing care
		Concepts related to cultural nursing care
		Heritage consistency
		Selected parameters for cultural nursing care
		Indigenous Australian health issues
		Providing cultural nursing care
		Nursing management
		Chapter 19 Review
	Chapter 20 Complementary and alternative therapies
		Basic concepts
		Healing modalities
		Chapter 20 Review
Unit 5 Lifespan development
	Chapter 21 Concepts of growth and development
		Factors influencing growth and development
		Stages of growth and development
		Growth and development theories
		Applying growth and development concepts to nursing practice
		Chapter 21 Review
	Chapter 22 Promoting health from conception through to adolescence
		Conception and prenatal development
		Neonates and infants (birth to 1 year)
		Toddlers (1 to 3 years)
		Preschoolers (4 and 5 years)
		School-age children (6 to 12 years)
		Adolescents (12 to 18 Years)
		Chapter 22 Review
	Chapter 23 Promoting health in young and middle-aged adults
		Young adults (20 to 40 years)
		Middle-aged adults (40 to 65 years)
		Chapter 23 Review
	Chapter 24 Promoting health in older adults
		Characteristics of older adults in Australia
		Attitudes towards ageing
		Gerontological nursing
		Care settings for older people
		Physiological ageing
		Psychosocial ageing
		Cognitive abilities and ageing
		Moral reasoning
		Spirituality and ageing
		Health problems
		Health assessment and promotion
		Chapter 24 Review
	Chapter 25 Promoting family health
		Family health
		Applying theoretical frameworks to families
		Nursing management
		Chapter 25 Review
Unit 6 Integral aspects of nursing
	Chapter 26 Caring
		Professionalisation of caring
		Nursing theories on caring
		Types of knowledge in nursing
		Caring encounters
		Maintaining caring practice
		Chapter 26 Review
	Chapter 27 Communicating
		Communicating
		Therapeutic relationships
		Communication and the nursing process
		Nursing management
		Group and team communication
		Communication with colleagues
		Chapter 27 Review
	Chapter 28 Teaching and learning
		Teaching
		Learning
		The internet and health information
		Nurse as educator
		Nursing management
		Chapter 28 Review
	Chapter 29 Leading and managing
		The nurse as leader and manager
		Global leadership and policy
		Leadership
		Management
		Cultural diversity
		Clinical governance
		Change and the nurse manager
		Chapter 29 Review
Unit 7 Assessing health
	Chapter 30 Vital signs
		Respiration
		Oxygen saturation
		Blood pressure
		Pulse or heart rate
		Body temperature
		Chapter 30 Review
	Chapter 31 Health assessment
		Physical health assessment
		General assessment
		Skill 31.1 Assessing appearance and mental status
		The integumentary system
		Skill 31.2 Assessing the skin
		Skill 31.3 Assessing the hair
		Skill 31.4 Assessing the nails
		The head
		Skill 31.5 Assessing the skull and face
		Skill 31.6 Assessing the eye structures and visual acuity
		Upper airways
		Skill 31.7 Assessing the ears and hearing
		Skill 31.8 Assessing the nose and sinuses
		The neck
		Skill 31.9 Assessing the mouth and oropharynx
		Lower airways
		Skill 31.10 Assessing the neck
		Skill 31.11 Assessing the thorax and lungs
		The cardiovascular and peripheral vascular systems
		Skill 31.12 Assessing the heart and central vessels
		Skill 31.13 Assessing the peripheral vascular system
		The breasts and axillae
		The abdomen
		Skill 31.14 Assessing the breasts and axillae
		Skill 31.15 Assessing the abdomen
		The musculoskeletal system
		Skill 31.16 Assessing the musculoskeletal system
		The neurological system
		The female genitals and inguinal area
		Skill 31.17 Assessing the neurological system
		Skill 31.18 Assessing the female genitals and inguinal area
		The male genitals and inguinal area
		Skill 31.19 Assessing the male genitals and inguinal area
		The rectum and anus
		Skill 31.20 Assessing the rectum and anus
		Chapter 31 Review
Unit 8 Integral components of individualised care
	Chapter 32 Infection prevention and control
		Micro-organisms
		Pathogens: Colonisation and infection
		Types of infection
		Chain of infection
		Body defences against infection
		Types of specific immunity
		Factors increasing susceptibility to infection
		Infection control and health care
		Standard precautions
		Skill 32.1 Hand washing technique
		Skill 32.2 Donning and removing personal protective equipment (gloves, gown, mask, eyewear)
		Asepsis and aseptic technique
		Transmission-based precautions
		Health-care-associated infections
		Nursing management
		Skill 32.3 Establishing and maintaining a critical aseptic field
		Skill 32.4 Donning and removing sterile gloves (open method)
		Skill 32.5 Donning a sterile gown and gloves (closed method)
		Infection control for health care workers
		Role of the infection-control nurse
		Chapter 32 Review
	Chapter 33 Safety
		National safety and quality health service standards
		Keeping nurses safe
		Factors affecting individual safety
		Nursing management
			Skill 33.1 Using a bed or chair exit safety monitoring device
			Skill 33.2 Applying restraints
		Chapter 33 Review
	Chapter 34 Hygiene
		Skin
		Nursing management
		Skill 34.1 Bathing an adult, child or young person
		Skill 34.2 Providing perineal–genital care
		Feet
		Nursing management
		Skill 34.3 Providing foot care
		Nails
		Nursing management
		Mouth
		Nursing management
		Skill 34.4 Brushing and flossing the teeth
		Skill 34.5 Providing special oral care for the unconscious person
		Hair
		Nursing management
		Skill 34.6 Providing hair care
		Skill 34.7 Shampooing the hair of a person confined to bed
		Eyes
		Nursing management
		Ears
		Skill 34.8 Removing, cleaning and inserting a hearing aid
		Nose
		Supporting a hygienic environment
		Making beds
		Skill 34.9 Changing an unoccupied bed
		Skill 34.10 Changing an occupied bed
		Chapter 34 Review
	Chapter 35 Diagnostic testing
		Diagnostic testing phases
		Blood tests
		Skill 35.1 Obtaining a capillary blood specimen to measure blood glucose
		Specimen collection
		Skill 35.2 Collecting a urine sample for culture and sensitivity by midstream specimen of urine (MSU)
		Visualisation procedures
		Aspiration/Biopsy
		Chapter 35 Review
	Chapter 36 Medications
		Drug standards
		Legal aspects of drug administration
		Effects of drugs
		Drug misuse
		Actions of drugs on the body
		Factors affecting medication action
		Routes of administration
		Medication orders
		Systems of measurement
		Administering medications safely
		Oral medications
		Skill 36.1 Administering oral medications
		Nasogastric and gastrostomy medications
		Parenteral medications
		Skill 36.2 Preparing medications from ampoules
		Skill 36.3 Preparing medications from vials
		Skill 36.4 Mixing medications using one syringe
		Skill 36.5 Administering an intradermal injection for skin tests
		Skill 36.6 Administering a subcutaneous injection
		Skill 36.7 Administering an intramuscular injection
		Skill 36.8 Adding medications to intravenous fluid containers
		Skill 36.9 Administering intravenous medications using IV push
		Topical medications
		Ophthalmic medications
		Skill 36.10 Administering ophthalmic instillations
		Otic medications
		Skill 36.11 Administering otic instillations
		Nasal medications
		Vaginal medications
		Skill 36.12 Administering vaginal instillations
		Rectal medications
		Respiratory inhalation
		Irrigations
		Chapter 36 Review
	Chapter 37 Skin integrity and wound care
		Skin integrity
		Types of wounds
		Pressure injuries
		Wound healing
		Nursing management
		Skill 37.1 Obtaining a wound drainage specimen for culture
		Chapter 37 Review
	Chapter 38 Perioperative nursing
		The perioperative workforce
		Standards and guidelines
		Types of surgery
		The surgical pathway
		Preoperative phase
		Nursing management
		Skill 38.1 Teaching moving, leg exercises, deep breathing and coughing
		Skill 38.2 Applying anti-embolic stockings
		Intraoperative phase
		Nursing management
		Postoperative phase
		Nursing management
		Skill 38.3 Managing gastrointestinal suction
		Skill 38.4 Cleaning a sutured wound and applying a sterile dressing
		Chapter 38 Review
Unit 9 Promoting psychosocial health
	Chapter 39 Sensory perception
		Components of the sensory experience
		Factors affecting sensory function
		Sensory alterations
		Nursing management
		Chapter 39 Review
	Chapter 40 Self-concept
		Self-concept
		Formation of self-concept
		Components of self-concept
		Factors that affect self-concept
		Nursing management
		Chapter 40 Review
	Chapter 41 Sexuality
		Development of sexuality
		Sexual health
		Varieties of sexuality
		Factors influencing sexuality
		Sexual response cycle
		Altered sexual function
		Nursing management
		Chapter 41 Review
	Chapter 42 Spirituality
		Spirituality and religion contrasted
		Spiritual needs
		Spiritual wellbeing
		Spiritual distress
		Related concepts
		Spiritual development
		Spiritual self-awareness for the nurse
		Spiritual practices affecting nursing care
		Spiritual health and the nursing process
		Nursing management
		Chapter 42 Review
	Chapter 43 Stress and coping
		Concept of stress
		Sources of stress
		Effects of stress
		Models of stress
		Indicators of stress
		Coping
		Nursing management
		Chapter 43 Review
	Chapter 44 Loss, grieving and death
		Loss and grief
		Nursing management
		Dying and death
		Nursing management
		Chapter 44 Review
	Chapter 45 Mental health nursing
		Holistic mental health care
		Mental health and mental illness
		The role of the mental health nurse
		Mental health nursing in practice
		Mental health legislation
		Mental state assessment (MSA)
		Types of mental illness
		Suicide
		Treatments in mental health
		Mental health care models
		Mental health care policy
		Recovery vs rehabilitation
		Chapter 45 Review
	Chapter 46 Disability
		What is disability?
		Respectful disability language
		Historical context of disability in Australia
		Inclusion in the community
		Disability and Australia’s first nations peoples
		Role of carers
		Role of the nurse in caring for a person with disability
		Communication disability
		Physical disability
		Sensory impairment
		Intellectual disability
		Other considerations in disability care
		Nursing research in disability care
		Chapter 46 Review
Unit 10 Promoting physiological health
	Chapter 47 Activity and exercise
		Normal movement
		Exercise
		Factors affecting body alignment and activity
		Effects of immobility
		Nursing Management
		Skill 47.1 Person-assisted bed slide: one nurse
		Skill 47.2 Person-assisted bed slide: two nurses
		Skill 47.3 Person-assisted lateral shift and roll: two nurses
		Skill 47.4 Logrolling: two to four nurses
		Skill 47.5 Person-assisted bed to chair slide: one or two nurses
		Skill 47.6 Bed to chair (4-point frame): two nurses
		Skill 47.7 Assisting the person to sit on the side of the bed
		Skill 47.8 Assisting the person to ambulate
		Chapter 47 Review
	Chapter 48 Sleep
		Physiology of sleep
		Functions of sleep
		Normal sleep patterns and requirements
		Factors affecting sleep
		Common sleep disorders
		Nursing management
		Chapter 48 Review
	Chapter 49 Pain management
		The nature of pain
		Physiology of pain
		Nursing management
		Skill 49.1 Providing a back massage
		Chapter 49 Review
	Chapter 50 Nutrition
		Essential nutrients
		Energy balance
		Body weight and body mass standards
		Factors affecting nutrition
		Nutritional variations throughout the life cycle
		Standards for a healthy diet
		Altered Nutrition
		Nursing Management
		Skill 50.1 Inserting a nasogastric tube
		Skill 50.2 Removing a nasogastric tube
		Skill 50.3 Administering a tube feeding
		Skill 50.4 Administering a gastrostomy or jejunostomy feeding
		Chapter 50 Review
	Chapter 51 Urinary elimination
		Physiology of urinary elimination
		Factors affecting voiding
		Altered urine production
		Altered urinary elimination
		Nursing management
		Skill 51.1 Dipstick urinalysis
		Skill 51.2 Applying an external urinary sheath
		Skill 51.3 Performing urinary catheterisation
		Skill 51.4 Performing bladder irrigation
		Chapter 51 Review
	Chapter 52 Faecal elimination
		The digestive system
		Physiology of defecation
		Factors that affect defecation
		Faecal elimination problems
		Nursing management
		Skill 52.1 Administering an enema
		Bowel diversion ostomies
		Skill 52.2 Changing a bowel diversion stoma appliance
		Chapter 52 Review
	Chapter 53 Oxygenation
		Structure and function of the respiratory system
		Respiratory regulation
		Factors affecting respiratory function
		Alterations in respiratory function
		Nursing management
		Skill 53.1 Administering oxygen by cannula, face mask, non-rebreather mask or face tent
		Skill 53.2 Providing tracheostomy care
		Skill 53.3 Oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal suctioning
		Skill 53.4 Open suctioning a tracheostomy or endotracheal tube
		Chapter 53 Review
	Chapter 54 Circulation
		Physiology of the cardiovascular system
		Lifespan considerations
		Factors affecting cardiovascular function
		Alterations in cardiovascular function
		Nursing management
		Skill 54.1 Sequential compression devices
		Chapter 54 Review
	Chapter 55 Fluid, electrolyte and acid–base balance
		Body fluids and electrolytes
		Acid–base balance
		Factors affecting body fluid, electrolytes and acid–base balance
		Disturbances in fluid volume, electrolyte and acid–base balances
		Nursing management
		Skill 55.1 Starting an intravenous infusion
		Skill 55.2 Monitoring an intravenous infusion
		Skill 55.3 Changing an intravenous container, tubing and dressing
		Skill 55.4 Discontinuing an intravenous infusion
		Skill 55.5 Changing an intravenous cannula to an intermittent infusion lock
		Skill 55.6 Initiating, maintaining and terminating a blood transfusion
		Chapter 55 Review
Glossary
Index
Copyright
Title Page
Dedication
Contents
Chapter 1: ‘I’m thinking’ – Oh, but are you?
Chapter 2: Renegade perception
Chapter 3: The Pushbacker sting
Chapter 4: ‘Covid’: The calculated catastrophe
Chapter 5: There is no ‘virus’
Chapter 6: Sequence of deceit
Chapter 7: War on your mind
Chapter 8: ‘Reframing’ insanity
Chapter 9: We must have it? So what is it?
Chapter 10: Human 2.0
Chapter 11: Who controls the Cult?
Chapter 12: Escaping Wetiko
Postscript
Appendix: Cowan-Kaufman-Morell Statement on Virus Isolation
Bibliography
Index
Copyright
Title Page
Dedication
Contents
Chapter 1: ‘I’m thinking’ – Oh, but are you?
Chapter 2: Renegade perception
Chapter 3: The Pushbacker sting
Chapter 4: ‘Covid’: The calculated catastrophe
Chapter 5: There is no ‘virus’
Chapter 6: Sequence of deceit
Chapter 7: War on your mind
Chapter 8: ‘Reframing’ insanity
Chapter 9: We must have it? So what is it?
Chapter 10: Human 2.0
Chapter 11: Who controls the Cult?
Chapter 12: Escaping Wetiko
Postscript
Appendix: Cowan-Kaufman-Morell Statement on Virus Isolation
Bibliography
Index