Knowledge and Action

Acknowledgements......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Contributors......Page 9
  Open and Contested Research Questions......Page 11
   The Neglected Spatial Dimension in Modern Social Theory......Page 13
   The Problematic Legacy of Homo Oeconomicus and Rational Choice Theories......Page 16
   Recent Developments in Decision-Making Theories and Geographies of Science: Improvements in the Understanding of Relations Between Knowledge, Action, and Space......Page 20
   Collective Action......Page 23
  Aims, Claims, and Content of this Volume......Page 24
  Conclusion......Page 33
 References......Page 34
Chapter 2: Action, Knowledge, and Social Relations of Space......Page 41
  The Relevance of the Spatial Dimension and the Spatial Turn......Page 42
  The Gaps in Social Theory......Page 44
  Social Conditions of Scientific Research and the History of Space......Page 46
  Different Spaces for Different Worlds......Page 49
  Action, Knowledge, and Space—Space, Knowledge, and Action......Page 50
  Incorporation of the World and the Construction of Geographical Realities......Page 53
  Regionalizations and Regions of Meaningful Geographical Realities......Page 55
  Social Relations of Space......Page 58
  The Times They Are a-Changing: From Territorial to Digital Social Realities......Page 59
  Implications: From Space to Action and from Action to the Spatiality of Action......Page 61
  Conclusions......Page 62
 References......Page 63
  Late-Modern Action-Theoretic Approaches and “Rational” Interventions......Page 67
  Poststructuralist Theories of Practice and “Critical” Interventions......Page 69
  Discursive Articulations and the Return of “Rational” Interventions......Page 71
 References......Page 74
Chapter 4: Thought-in-Action/Action-in-Thought......Page 77
 References......Page 97
Chapter 5: Perverse Expertise and the Social Unconscious in the Making of Crisis......Page 99
  Neoliberalism, Finance Capitalism, and Crisis......Page 100
  Buying the State......Page 102
  Finance Capitalism and Environmental Crisis......Page 104
  Social Unconsciousness......Page 106
 References......Page 107
Chapter 6: How Much Knowledge Is Necessary for Action?......Page 108
   Knowledge and Belief......Page 109
  Is Action Possible Without Knowledge?......Page 110
  Can Knowledge Impede Action?......Page 111
   The Theory of Planned Behavior......Page 112
   The Theory of Unconscious Thought......Page 113
   The Option-Generation Framework......Page 114
  Evidence From Problem-Solving Research......Page 115
 References......Page 118
Chapter 7: Knowing and Not Knowing......Page 121
  Freud and Hayek: Why Quit?......Page 122
  The Excess Boom in Non-knowledge......Page 123
  Knowledge as a Societal Construct......Page 124
  Information and Knowledge......Page 125
  Observing Non-knowledge, and Some of the Questions I Ask Myself in the Process......Page 126
  Asymmetric Information/Knowledge......Page 127
  On the Virtues (Advantages?) of Non-knowledge......Page 128
  The Societal-Cognitive Functional Differentiation Between Non-knowledge and Societally Determined Knowledge Gaps......Page 129
  Outlook......Page 131
 References......Page 132
Chapter 8: How Representations of Knowledge Shape Actions......Page 134
  The Description–Experience Gap......Page 135
   Small Samples......Page 138
   Recency......Page 140
   Spatial Search Policies......Page 141
   Neo-Bernoullian Models......Page 143
   Heuristics......Page 144
  Decisions from Experience: A Key to Otherwise Puzzling Human Behavior......Page 146
 References......Page 147
  The Missing Link Between Knowledge and Action......Page 151
   Theories of Reflection......Page 152
   Theories of Impulse......Page 153
  Bridging the Gap: The Reflective-Impulsive Model......Page 155
   The Reflective System......Page 156
   The Impulsive System......Page 157
   Interaction of Systems......Page 158
  Common Pathway to Behavior......Page 160
   Knowledge and Action: Bidirectional Connections......Page 161
    Motivation and Opportunity......Page 163
    Self-Regulatory Resources......Page 164
   Thinking Is Tough!......Page 165
   Improving Implicit Self-Esteem......Page 166
  Conclusion......Page 167
 References......Page 168
Chapter 10: Planning and the Control of Action......Page 174
  Controlling Actions by Goals and Implementation Intentions......Page 175
  The Role of Knowledge Accessibility in Planning and in the Control of Action......Page 177
   Spontaneous Use of Incidentally Presented Goal-Relevant Information......Page 178
   Strategic Use of Goal-Relevant Knowledge with MCII......Page 180
   Strategic Planning of the Automatic Activation of Goal-Relevant Knowledge......Page 182
  Conclusion and Outlook......Page 184
 References......Page 185
Chapter 11: Pragmatic Philosophy and the Social Function of Knowledge......Page 189
  How to Define and How to Obscure Knowledge......Page 190
  Knowledge as Practice: Keeping Information Available......Page 194
  Social Epistemology and Spatial Difference......Page 198
  Delocalized and Resituated Knowledge in the Information Age......Page 201
  Conclusion......Page 203
 References......Page 204
  What Is Semantic Knowledge?......Page 206
  Semantics Based on Conceptual Spaces......Page 207
   Levels of Intersubjectivity......Page 208
   Visual and Physical Domains......Page 209
   Category Domain......Page 211
   Action Domain......Page 212
   Goal Domain......Page 213
   Event Domain......Page 214
  Some Linguistic Evidence of Semantic Domain Knowledge......Page 215
  Conclusion......Page 218
 References......Page 220
Chapter 13: So What Do You Do? Experimenting with Space for Social Creativity......Page 223
  Theoretical Framework......Page 224
  Context: The Studio for Social Creativity......Page 226
  Method: Action Experiments......Page 228
  Data Analysis......Page 230
   Looking Closely at a Sample Session......Page 231
   Comparative Analysis Across Sessions......Page 239
    Expansion......Page 240
    Reflection......Page 241
    Rehearsal......Page 242
  Discussion......Page 243
   Orientation in Undifferentiated Space......Page 244
   Qualifying Spaces of Possibility......Page 245
   The Relationship Between Talking and Doing......Page 247
   Methodological Reflection......Page 248
  Conclusion......Page 249
 References......Page 251
  Small Places, Big Issues......Page 254
  State of the Art: Rational Choice Models of Mobility......Page 255
  State of the Art: Decision-Making Probability......Page 257
  The Pragmatics of Decision-Making......Page 260
  Variation in Reasoning......Page 263
 References......Page 265
Chapter 15: Continuity and Change in Older Adults’ Out-­of-­Home Mobility Over Ten Years: A Qualitative-Quantitative Approach......Page 267
   Sample Description and Drop-Out......Page 270
   Instruments......Page 271
   Data Analyses......Page 272
   Subjective Meaning of Out-of-Home Mobility Over Time......Page 273
   Perceived Changes in Out-of-Home Mobility Over Time and Perceived Reasons for Such Change......Page 274
    Public Transport......Page 276
    Out-of-Home Leisure Activities and Travel......Page 277
    Life in General......Page 278
   Exploration of Interindividual Variability Over Time in a Case Contrast Approach......Page 280
  Discussion......Page 284
 References......Page 286
The Klaus Tschira Stiftung......Page 290
Index......Page 292