Java How to Program, 7th Edition

Copyright......Page 14
Deitel® Series Page......Page 18
Preface......Page 21
Before You Begin......Page 34
Introduction to Computers, the Internet and the Web......Page 41
Introduction......Page 42
Computer Organization......Page 44
Early Operating Systems......Page 45
The Internet and the World Wide Web......Page 46
Machine Languages, Assembly Languages and High-Level Languages......Page 47
History of C and C++......Page 48
Java Class Libraries......Page 49
Fortran, COBOL, Pascal and Ada......Page 50
Typical Java Development Environment......Page 51
Notes about Java and Java How to Program, 7/e......Page 55
Test-Driving a Java Application......Page 56
Software Engineering Case Study: Introduction to Object Technology and the UML......Page 60
Web 2.0......Page 65
Software Technologies......Page 66
Wrap-Up......Page 67
Web Resources......Page 68
Summary......Page 70
Terminology......Page 73
Self-Review Exercises......Page 74
Exercises......Page 75
Introduction to Java Applications......Page 77
A First Program in Java: Printing a Line of Text......Page 78
Modifying Our First Java Program......Page 85
Displaying Text with printf......Page 88
Another Java Application: Adding Integers......Page 89
Memory Concepts......Page 94
Arithmetic......Page 95
Decision Making: Equality and Relational Operators......Page 98
(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Examining the Requirements Document......Page 103
Summary......Page 113
Terminology......Page 116
Self-Review Exercises......Page 117
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 118
Exercises......Page 120
Introduction to Classes and Objects......Page 124
Classes, Objects, Methods and Instance Variables......Page 125
Declaring a Class with a Method and Instantiating an Object of a Class......Page 127
Declaring a Method with a Parameter......Page 131
Instance Variables, set Methods and get Methods......Page 134
Primitive Types vs. Reference Types......Page 139
Initializing Objects with Constructors......Page 140
Floating-Point Numbers and Type double......Page 143
(Optional) GUI and Graphics Case Study: Using Dialog Boxes......Page 148
(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying the Classes in a Requirements Document......Page 151
Summary......Page 159
Terminology......Page 162
Self-Review Exercises......Page 163
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 164
Exercises......Page 165
Control Statements: Part 1......Page 167
Algorithms......Page 168
Control Structures......Page 169
if Single-Selection Statement......Page 172
if...else Double-Selection Statement......Page 173
while Repetition Statement......Page 178
Formulating Algorithms: Counter-Controlled Repetition......Page 179
Formulating Algorithms: Sentinel-Controlled Repetition......Page 184
Formulating Algorithms: Nested Control Statements......Page 192
Compound Assignment Operators......Page 197
Increment and Decrement Operators......Page 198
(Optional) GUI and Graphics Case Study: Creating Simple Drawings......Page 201
(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Class Attributes......Page 206
Wrap-Up......Page 210
Summary......Page 211
Terminology......Page 216
Self-Review Exercises......Page 217
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 219
Exercises......Page 220
Control Statements: Part 2......Page 226
Essentials of Counter-Controlled Repetition......Page 227
for Repetition Statement......Page 229
Examples Using the for Statement......Page 233
do...while Repetition Statement......Page 238
switch Multiple-Selection Statement......Page 239
break and continue Statements......Page 247
Logical Operators......Page 249
Structured Programming Summary......Page 255
(Optional) GUI and Graphics Case Study: Drawing Rectangles and Ovals......Page 260
(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Objects’ States and Activities......Page 263
Wrap-Up......Page 267
Summary......Page 268
Terminology......Page 272
Self-Review Exercises......Page 273
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 274
Exercises......Page 275
Methods: A Deeper Look......Page 279
Introduction......Page 280
Program Modules in Java......Page 281
static Methods, static Fields and Class Math......Page 282
Declaring Methods with Multiple Parameters......Page 285
Notes on Declaring and Using Methods......Page 289
Method-Call Stack and Activation Records......Page 290
Argument Promotion and Casting......Page 291
Java API Packages......Page 292
Case Study: Random-Number Generation......Page 294
Case Study: A Game of Chance (Introducing Enumerations)......Page 300
Scope of Declarations......Page 304
Method Overloading......Page 307
(Optional) GUI and Graphics Case Study: Colors and Filled Shapes......Page 310
(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Class Operations......Page 313
Wrap-Up......Page 320
Summary......Page 321
Terminology......Page 324
Self-Review Exercises......Page 325
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 327
Exercises......Page 329
Arrays......Page 335
Arrays......Page 336
Declaring and Creating Arrays......Page 338
Examples Using Arrays......Page 339
Case Study: Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation......Page 348
Enhanced for Statement......Page 352
Passing Arrays to Methods......Page 353
Case Study: Class GradeBook Using an Array to Store Grades......Page 357
Multidimensional Arrays......Page 362
Case Study: Class GradeBook Using a Two-Dimensional Array......Page 366
Variable-Length Argument Lists......Page 372
Using Command-Line Arguments......Page 373
(Optional) GUI and Graphics Case Study: Drawing Arcs......Page 375
(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Collaboration Among Objects......Page 378
Wrap-Up......Page 386
Summary......Page 387
Terminology......Page 389
Self-Review Exercises......Page 390
Exercises......Page 391
Special Section: Building Your Own Computer......Page 401
Classes and Objects: A Deeper Look......Page 408
Introduction......Page 409
Time Class Case Study......Page 410
Controlling Access to Members......Page 414
Referring to the Current Object’s Members with the this Reference......Page 415
Time Class Case Study: Overloaded Constructors......Page 417
Default and No-Argument Constructors......Page 422
Notes on Set and Get Methods......Page 423
Composition......Page 424
Enumerations......Page 427
Garbage Collection and Method finalize......Page 430
static Class Members......Page 431
static Import......Page 436
final Instance Variables......Page 437
Software Reusability......Page 439
Data Abstraction and Encapsulation......Page 440
Time Class Case Study: Creating Packages......Page 442
Package Access......Page 447
(Optional) GUI and Graphics Case Study: Using Objects with Graphics......Page 449
(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Starting to Program the Classes of the ATM System......Page 452
Summary......Page 458
Terminology......Page 461
Self-Review Exercise......Page 462
Exercises......Page 463
Object-Oriented Programming: Inheritance......Page 467
Introduction......Page 468
Superclasses and Subclasses......Page 469
protected Members......Page 471
Relationship between Superclasses and Subclasses......Page 472
Constructors in Subclasses......Page 496
Software Engineering with Inheritance......Page 502
Object Class......Page 503
(Optional) GUI and Graphics Case Study: Displaying Text and Images Using Labels......Page 505
Wrap-Up......Page 507
Summary......Page 508
Self-Review Exercises......Page 509
Exercises......Page 510
Object-Oriented Programming: Polymorphism......Page 511
Introduction......Page 512
Polymorphism Examples......Page 514
Demonstrating Polymorphic Behavior......Page 515
Abstract Classes and Methods......Page 518
Case Study: Payroll System Using Polymorphism......Page 520
final Methods and Classes......Page 535
Case Study: Creating and Using Interfaces......Page 536
(Optional) GUI and Graphics Case Study: Drawing with Polymorphism......Page 548
(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Incorporating Inheritance into the ATM System......Page 550
Summary......Page 558
Terminology......Page 560
Exercises......Page 561
GUI Components: Part 1......Page 563
Introduction......Page 564
Simple GUI-Based Input/Output with JOptionPane......Page 565
Overview of Swing Components......Page 568
Displaying Text and Images in a Window......Page 571
Text Fields and an Introduction to Event Handling with Nested Classes......Page 576
Common GUI Event Types and Listener Interfaces......Page 582
How Event Handling Works......Page 585
JButton......Page 586
Buttons That Maintain State......Page 590
JComboBox and Using an Anonymous Inner Class for Event Handling......Page 596
JList......Page 600
Multiple-Selection Lists......Page 602
Mouse Event Handling......Page 605
Adapter Classes......Page 610
JPanel Subclass for Drawing with the Mouse......Page 613
Key-Event Handling......Page 617
Layout Managers......Page 620
Using Panels to Manage More Complex Layouts......Page 630
JTextArea......Page 631
Wrap-Up......Page 634
Summary......Page 635
Terminology......Page 641
Self-Review Exercises......Page 643
Exercises......Page 644
Graphics and Java 2D™......Page 649
Introduction......Page 650
Graphics Contexts and Graphics Objects......Page 652
Color Control......Page 653
Font Control......Page 660
Drawing Lines, Rectangles and Ovals......Page 666
Drawing Arcs......Page 670
Drawing Polygons and Polylines......Page 673
Java 2D API......Page 676
Summary......Page 683
Terminology......Page 685
Self-Review Exercises......Page 686
Exercises......Page 687
Exception Handling......Page 692
Introduction......Page 693
Exception-Handling Overview......Page 694
Example: Divide by Zero without Exception Handling......Page 695
Example: Handling ArithmeticExceptions and InputMismatchExceptions......Page 697
When to Use Exception Handling......Page 702
Java Exception Hierarchy......Page 703
finally Block......Page 706
Stack Unwinding......Page 710
printStackTrace, getStackTrace and getMessage......Page 712
Chained Exceptions......Page 714
Declaring New Exception Types......Page 716
Preconditions and Postconditions......Page 717
Assertions......Page 718
Wrap-Up......Page 719
Summary......Page 720
Self-Review Exercises......Page 723
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 724
Exercises......Page 725
Files and Streams......Page 726
Introduction......Page 727
Data Hierarchy......Page 728
Files and Streams......Page 730
Class File......Page 732
Sequential-Access Text Files......Page 736
Object Serialization......Page 752
Additional java.io Classes......Page 761
Opening Files with JFileChooser......Page 763
Summary......Page 767
Terminology......Page 769
Self-Review Exercises......Page 770
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 772
Exercises......Page 773
Recursion......Page 777
Introduction......Page 778
Recursion Concepts......Page 779
Example Using Recursion: Factorials......Page 780
Example Using Recursion: Fibonacci Series......Page 783
Recursion and the Method-Call Stack......Page 786
Recursion vs. Iteration......Page 787
Towers of Hanoi......Page 789
Fractals......Page 792
Wrap-Up......Page 803
Internet and Web Resources......Page 804
Summary......Page 805
Self-Review Exercises......Page 807
Exercises......Page 808
Searching and Sorting......Page 813
Introduction......Page 814
Searching Algorithms......Page 815
Sorting Algorithms......Page 824
Invariants......Page 839
Wrap-Up......Page 840
Summary......Page 841
Terminology......Page 842
Exercises......Page 843
Data Structures......Page 846
Introduction......Page 847
Autoboxing and Auto-Unboxing......Page 848
Self-Referential Classes......Page 849
Linked Lists......Page 850
Stacks......Page 861
Queues......Page 865
Trees......Page 867
Summary......Page 874
Terminology......Page 876
Self-Review Exercises......Page 877
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 878
Exercises......Page 879
Generics......Page 899
Introduction......Page 900
Motivation for Generic Methods......Page 901
Generic Methods: Implementation and Compile-Time Translation......Page 903
Additional Compile-Time Translation Issues: Methods That Use a Type Parameter as the Return Type......Page 906
Overloading Generic Methods......Page 909
Generic Classes......Page 910
Raw Types......Page 920
Wildcards in Methods That Accept Type Parameters......Page 924
Generics and Inheritance: Notes......Page 928
Summary......Page 929
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 932
Exercises......Page 933
Collections......Page 934
Introduction......Page 935
Collections Overview......Page 936
Class Arrays......Page 937
Interface Collection and Class Collections......Page 940
Lists......Page 941
Collections Algorithms......Page 952
Stack Class of Package java.util......Page 965
Class PriorityQueue and Interface Queue......Page 968
Sets......Page 969
Maps......Page 972
Properties Class......Page 977
Unmodifiable Collections......Page 980
Wrap-Up......Page 981
Summary......Page 982
Terminology......Page 985
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 986
Exercises......Page 987
Introduction to Java Applets......Page 989
Sample Applets Provided with the JDK......Page 990
Simple Java Applet: Drawing a String......Page 995
Applet Life-Cycle Methods......Page 1000
Initializing an Instance Variable with Method init......Page 1001
Internet and Web Resources......Page 1003
Summary......Page 1004
Answers to Self-Review Exercise......Page 1006
Exercises......Page 1007
Multimedia: Applets and Applications......Page 1008
Introduction......Page 1009
Loading, Displaying and Scaling Images......Page 1010
Animating a Series of Images......Page 1013
Image Maps......Page 1018
Loading and Playing Audio Clips......Page 1021
Playing Video and Other Media with Java Media Framework......Page 1024
Web Resources......Page 1029
Summary......Page 1030
Terminology......Page 1031
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 1032
Special Section: Challenging Multimedia Projects......Page 1033
GUI Components: Part 2......Page 1036
JSlider......Page 1037
Windows: Additional Notes......Page 1041
Using Menus with Frames......Page 1042
JPopupMenu......Page 1050
Pluggable Look-and-Feel......Page 1053
JDesktopPane and JInternalFrame......Page 1057
JTabbedPane......Page 1061
Layout Managers: BoxLayout and GridBagLayout......Page 1063
Wrap-Up......Page 1076
Summary......Page 1077
Terminology......Page 1078
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 1080
Exercises......Page 1081
Multithreading......Page 1083
Introduction......Page 1084
Thread States: Life Cycle of a Thread......Page 1086
Thread Priorities and Thread Scheduling......Page 1088
Creating and Executing Threads......Page 1090
Thread Synchronization......Page 1094
Producer/Consumer Relationship without Synchronization......Page 1103
Producer/Consumer Relationship: ArrayBlockingQueue......Page 1110
Producer/Consumer Relationship with Synchronization......Page 1113
Producer/Consumer Relationship: Bounded Buffers......Page 1119
Producer/Consumer Relationship: The Lock and Condition Interfaces......Page 1127
Multithreading with GUI......Page 1133
Wrap-Up......Page 1148
Summary......Page 1149
Terminology......Page 1155
Self-Review Exercises......Page 1156
Exercises......Page 1157
Networking......Page 1159
Introduction......Page 1160
Manipulating URLs......Page 1161
Reading a File on a Web Server......Page 1166
Establishing a Simple Server Using Stream Sockets......Page 1170
Establishing a Simple Client Using Stream Sockets......Page 1171
Client/Server Interaction with Stream Socket Connections......Page 1172
Connectionless Client/Server Interaction with Datagrams......Page 1184
Client/Server Tic-Tac-Toe Using a Multithreaded Server......Page 1191
Security and the Network......Page 1206
Summary......Page 1207
Terminology......Page 1209
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 1210
Exercises......Page 1211
Accessing Databases with JDBC......Page 1214
Introduction......Page 1215
Relational Databases......Page 1216
Relational Database Overview: The books Database......Page 1217
SQL......Page 1220
Instructions for installing MySQL and MySQL Connector/J......Page 1229
Instructions for Setting Up a MySQL User Account......Page 1230
Creating Database books in MySQL......Page 1231
Manipulating Databases with JDBC......Page 1232
RowSet Interface......Page 1249
Java DB/Apache Derby......Page 1252
PreparedStatements......Page 1267
Transaction Processing......Page 1269
Web Resources and Recommended Readings......Page 1270
Summary......Page 1272
Terminology......Page 1277
Exercises......Page 1278
Web Applications: Part 1......Page 1281
Introduction......Page 1282
Simple HTTP Transactions......Page 1283
Multitier Application Architecture......Page 1285
Java Web Technologies......Page 1286
Creating and Running a Simple Application in Java Studio Creator 2......Page 1289
JSF Components......Page 1306
Session Tracking......Page 1321
Wrap-Up......Page 1349
Web Resources......Page 1350
Summary......Page 1351
Terminology......Page 1359
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 1360
Exercises......Page 1361
Web Applications: Part 2......Page 1362
Introduction......Page 1363
Accessing Databases in Web Applications......Page 1364
Ajax-Enabled JSF Components......Page 1376
AutoComplete Text Field and Virtual Forms......Page 1378
Google Maps Map Viewer Component......Page 1387
Web Resources......Page 1399
Summary......Page 1400
Terminology......Page 1402
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 1403
Exercises......Page 1404
JAX-WS Web Services, Web 2.0 and Mash-Ups......Page 1405
Introduction......Page 1406
Creating, Publishing, Testing and Describing a Web Service......Page 1409
Consuming a Web Service......Page 1419
SOAP......Page 1429
Session Tracking in Web Services......Page 1431
Consuming a Database-Driven Web Service from a Web Application......Page 1447
Passing an Object of a User-Defined Type to a Web Service......Page 1456
Web Resources......Page 1467
Summary......Page 1468
Self-Review Exercises......Page 1473
Exercises......Page 1474
Formatted Output......Page 1476
Streams......Page 1477
Printing Integers......Page 1478
Printing Floating-Point Numbers......Page 1479
Printing Strings and Characters......Page 1481
Printing Dates and Times......Page 1482
Other Conversion Characters......Page 1485
Printing with Field Widths and Precisions......Page 1487
Using Flags in the printf Format String......Page 1489
Printing with Argument Indices......Page 1492
Printing Literals and Escape Sequences......Page 1493
Formatting Output with Class Formatter......Page 1494
Summary......Page 1495
Self-Review Exercises......Page 1497
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 1498
Exercises......Page 1499
Strings, Characters and Regular Expressions......Page 1501
Introduction......Page 1502
Class String......Page 1503
Class StringBuilder......Page 1516
Class Character......Page 1523
Class StringTokenizer......Page 1528
Regular Expressions, Class Pattern and Class Matcher......Page 1529
Summary......Page 1538
Terminology......Page 1542
Exercises......Page 1543
Special Section: Advanced String-Manipulation Exercises......Page 1544
Special Section: Challenging String-Manipulation Projects......Page 1548
Operator Precedence......Page 1549
ASCII Character Set......Page 1551
Keywords and Reserved Words......Page 1552
Primitive Types......Page 1553
Number Systems......Page 1554
Introduction......Page 1555
Abbreviating Binary Numbers as Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers......Page 1558
Converting from Binary, Octal or Hexadecimal to Decimal......Page 1559
Converting from Decimal to Binary, Octal or Hexadecimal......Page 1560
Negative Binary Numbers: Two’s Complement Notation......Page 1562
Summary......Page 1563
Self-Review Exercises......Page 1564
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 1565
Exercises......Page 1566
GroupLayout Basics......Page 1567
Building a ColorChooser......Page 1568
GroupLayout Web Resources......Page 1578
Splash Screens......Page 1580
Desktop Class......Page 1582
JDIC Demos......Page 1585
Popular Mashups......Page 1586
APIs Commonly Used in Mashups......Page 1587
Deitel Mashups Research Center......Page 1588
Mashup Tutorials......Page 1589
Mashup Tools and Downloads......Page 1590
Mashup Articles......Page 1591
Mashup FAQs and Newsgroups......Page 1592
Introduction......Page 1593
Unicode Transformation Formats......Page 1594
Characters and Glyphs......Page 1595
Unicode Consortium’s Web Site......Page 1596
Using Unicode......Page 1597
Character Ranges......Page 1599
Introduction......Page 1602
Documentation Comments......Page 1611
Documenting Java Source Code......Page 1615
javadoc......Page 1619
Files Produced by javadoc......Page 1620
Bit Manipulation and the Bitwise Operators......Page 1623
BitSet Class......Page 1633
Exercises......Page 1636
ATM Case Study Implementation......Page 1637
Class ATM......Page 1638
Class Screen......Page 1643
Class Keypad......Page 1644
Class CashDispenser......Page 1645
Class DepositSlot......Page 1646
Class Account......Page 1647
Class BankDatabase......Page 1649
Class Transaction......Page 1652
Class Withdrawal......Page 1653
Class Deposit......Page 1658
Wrap-Up......Page 1661
Labeled break Statement......Page 1662
Labeled continue Statement......Page 1663
Additional Diagram Types......Page 1665
Introduction......Page 1667
Creational, Structural and Behavioral Design Patterns......Page 1668
Design Patterns in Packages java.awt and javax.swing......Page 1674
Concurrency Design Patterns......Page 1680
Design Patterns Used in Packages java.io and java.net......Page 1681
Design Patterns Used in Package java.util......Page 1685
Wrap-Up......Page 1686
Web Resources......Page 1687
Using the Debugger......Page 1689
Breakpoints and the run, stop cont and print Commands......Page 1690
The print and set Commands......Page 1694
Controlling Execution Using the step, step up and next Commands......Page 1696
The watch Command......Page 1699
The clear Command......Page 1701
Self-Review Exercises......Page 1704
Answers to Self-Review Exercises......Page 1705