Islamic Sufi Networks in the Western Indian Ocean (c. 1880–1940) Ripples of Reform

Contents
Foreword and Acknowledgements
List of Illustrations
List of Figures
Note on Transliteration, Quotes and Dates
Chapter 1 Introduction
	The Ripple and the Reef: Perspectives and Objectives
Chapter 2 The Luminescent Sun and Brilliant Rays of Light: Towards a Geography of Reform
	Towards a Geography of Reform: A Web of Centres
	The Ḥaramayn: The Blessed and the Radiant
	The Ḥaḍramawt: Home of the Luminescent, Encompassing Mid-Day Sun
	Zanzibar: The Brilliant Star of East Africa
	Lamu and the Riyadha Mosque
	The Comoro Islands: Moon Islands in a Sea of Sun
	Rays of Light and Hierarchies
Chapter 3 The Branches of the Qādiriyya and the Shādhiliyya in Northern Mozambique: Silsilas to the South
	The Ṭarīqa Qādiriyya in Zanzibar
	The Qādiriyya in Mozambique: Multiple Routes South
	Muḥammad Al-Maʿrūf and the Spread of the Shādhiliyya in Northern Mozambique
	The Emergence of Sufi Orders in Northern Mozambique
Chapter 4 The Shādhiliyya in Northern Madagascar c. 1890–1940: The Planting of a Garden and the Growing of Malagasy Roots
	Islam in Northern Madagascar
	Family, Religion and Trade on Madagascar: East African-Comorian Networks and the Shādhiliyya
	Aḥmad al-Kabīr: The Great Shaykh of the Ṭarīqa Shādhiliyya of Northern Madagascar
	Reform and the Emergence of a Malagasy Sufi Order
Chapter 5 The Cape Town Muslim Community and East African Sufi Networks: Beyond the Monsoon
	Islam in South Africa and Cape Town
	Muhammad Salih Hendricks: From Periphery to Centre to the Network
	Other Travellers – More Da'wa
Chapter 6 Travelling Texts: Arabic Literate Learning in Coastal East Africa, c. 1860–1930
	Textual Transmission and Religious Authority
	Book Knowledge in the Age of Manuscripts: 1860s into the Twentieth Century
	From Manuscript to Print: Parallel or Converging Authorities?
	Manuscripts, Printed Books and Religious Authority
Chapter 7 Ritual of Reform – Reform of a Ritual: Rātib al-Ḥaddād in the Southwestern Indian Ocean, c. 1880–1940
	Rātib al-Ḥaddād as Sufi Reform
	Rātib al-Ḥaddād in East and South Africa
	The Rātib in Writing: Textualization of Charisma
	The Rātib Performed: Reform of a Ritual?
	The Rātib al-Ḥaddād: New Reform of a Reformist Ritual?
Chapter 8 Consolidating the Network: Waqf Distribution and New Organizations in Zanzibar, c. 1900–1930
	Scholarly Networks and the Zanzibari “Meccan Waqfs”, c. 1880–1940
	Waqf Distribution within Intellectual Networks: Consolidating Reform through Waqf Funds
	From Networks to Organizations: The Rise of the Jamʿiyya, c. 1900–1930
Chapter 9 Conclusions
	On Ripples and Reefs: Agency in a Translocal World
	Sufi Reform on the Move
	The Ecumene that wasn’t – yet?
Appendix 1 The Zanzibari “Meccan Waqfs” Contained in ZA-HD10
Sources and Bibliography
	Arabic Textual Material
	Arabic Manuscript Sources (Listed)
	Archival Sources
	Oral Sources/Interviews
	Bibliography
Index