Iron Oxide-Based Nanocomposites and Nanoenzymes: Fundamentals and Applications (Nanostructure Science and Technology)

Foreword
Preface
Contents
Editors and Contributors
1 Introduction
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Various Routes of Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
		1.2.1 Coagulation
		1.2.2 Flocculation
		1.2.3 Co-precipitation
		1.2.4 Sol–Gel Method
		1.2.5 Microwave Irradiation
		1.2.6 Microemulsion
		1.2.7 Hydrothermal
		1.2.8 Thermal Decomposition
	1.3 Various Modification Techniques
		1.3.1 Metal Oxide
		1.3.2 Bioadsorbent
		1.3.3 Polymer
		1.3.4 Graphene
	References
2 Magnetic Iron Oxide-Based Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Characterization, and Its Application Towards Organic Dye Removal
	2.1 Introduction
		2.1.1 Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
		2.1.2 Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
		2.1.3 Magnetic Iron Oxide-Based Nanocomposites
	2.2 Characterization of Magnetic Iron Oxide
	2.3 Removal of Cationic Dyes Using Magnetic Iron Oxide-Based Nanocomposites
	2.4 Removal of Anionic Dyes Using Magnetic Iron Oxide-Based Nanocomposites
	2.5 Conclusion
	References
3 Iron Oxide-Based Nanozymes and Their Applications
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Enzymatic Activities of (Iron Oxide Nanozyme) IONzyme
	3.3 Applications of Iron Oxide-Based Nanozyme
		3.3.1 Iron-Based Nanozymes for Tumor/Cancer Treatment
		3.3.2 Cardioprotection
		3.3.3 Wound Healing
		3.3.4 Antibacteria and Biofilm Elimination
	3.4 Conclusion and Perception
	References
4 Photocatalytic Degradation of Aqueous Organic Pollutants Using Iron Oxide-Based Photocatalysts
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Fundamental of Photocatalysis
	4.3 Iron Oxide-Based Photocatalyst
	4.4 Conclusions
	References
5 Iron Oxide-Functionalized Graphene Nanocomposites for Supercapacitor Application
	5.1 Introduction to Supercapacitors
	5.2 Working Principle
	5.3 Types of Supercapacitors
		5.3.1 Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitors (EDLCs)
		5.3.2 Pseudocapacitors
		5.3.3 Hybrid Capacitors
	5.4 Electrolytes
		5.4.1 Aqueous Electrolytes
		5.4.2 Organic Electrolytes
		5.4.3 Ionic Liquids
	5.5 Separator
	5.6 Electrode Characterization and Device Fabrication
	5.7 Synthesis of Graphene Oxide (GO) and Graphene
	5.8 Fe2O3-Graphene Composites for Supercapacitor Applications
		5.8.1 Hydro/Solvothermal Method
		5.8.2 Self-assembly Method
		5.8.3 Thermal Decomposition Route
		5.8.4 Template-Assisted Method
		5.8.5 Wet Chemical Route
		5.8.6 Gas Liquid Diffusion Method
		5.8.7 Electrochemical Method
		5.8.8 Microwave Method
		5.8.9 Mechanical Agitation Method
		5.8.10 Novel Intercalation Method
	5.9 Fe3O4-Graphene Composites for Supercapacitor Applications
		5.9.1 Hydro/Solvothermal Method
		5.9.2 Chemical Vapour Deposition Method
		5.9.3 Electrochemical Process
		5.9.4 Microwave Method
		5.9.5 Reflux Method
		5.9.6 Electrophoretic Deposition Method
		5.9.7 Self-assembly Method
		5.9.8 Wet Chemical Route
		5.9.9 Bio-inspired Green Method
		5.9.10 Graphenothermal Method
		5.9.11 Chemical Reduction Method
	5.10 Conclusions
	References
6 Iron Oxide Nanozyme in Biomedicine
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Enzymatic Activities of IONzyme
	6.3 Kinetics and Mechanism of Action of IONzyme
	6.4 Synthesis of IONzyme
	6.5 Properties of IONzyme
	6.6 Applications of IONzyme in biomedicine
	6.7 Conclusion
	References
7 Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron and Its Composites for the Removal of Toxic Pollutants from Water
	7.1 Introduction
		7.1.1 Water Pollution
		7.1.2 Synthesis of Single nZVI Nanoparticles
		7.1.3 Synthesis of NZVI-Based Composite Materials
	7.2 Environmental Applications of nZVI-Based Biochar for the Removal of Contaminants from Water
		7.2.1 Chlorinated Hydrocarbons (CHCs)
		7.2.2 Heavy Metals
	7.3 Conclusions and Future Research Expected
	References
8 Oxide Phases in Bismuth Ferrite (BFO)—Key for Photovoltaic Application
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 About BFO
	8.3 Mechanism for Device Application
		8.3.1 Crystal Structure of BFO
		8.3.2 Ion Substitution in BFO Bulk Ceramic
	8.4 Distinguished Properties of BFO Responsible for Device Application
		8.4.1 Ferroelectric Properties
		8.4.2 Piezoelectricity
		8.4.3 Photo-Catalytic Activity
	8.5 Application of BFO
		8.5.1 For Electronics
		8.5.2 For Spintronics Devices
		8.5.3 For Optics
	8.6 Conclusion
	References
9 A Perspective on Environmental and Disposal Assessment of Magnetic Sorbents
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Regeneration and Reuse of Spent Adsorbents
	9.3 Disposal of Spent Stripping Solutions
	9.4 Disposal of Exhausted Adsorbents
	9.5 Conclusion
	References
10 Synthesis, Morphology and Environmental Applications of Iron Oxide-Based Nanoarchitectures
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Preparation Methods for Iron Oxide Nanoarchitectures
		10.2.1 Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Methods
		10.2.2 Sol–Gel Methods
		10.2.3 Co-precipitation Method
		10.2.4 Microemulsion
		10.2.5 Thermal Decomposition
	10.3 Morphology of Iron Oxide
		10.3.1 0D Morphology
		10.3.2 1D-Nanoarchitectures
		10.3.3 2D Nanoarchitectures
		10.3.4 3D Iron Oxide Nanoarchitectures
	10.4 Environmental Applications of Iron Oxide Nanostructures
		10.4.1 Removal of Heavy Metals
		10.4.2 Removal of Organic Contaminants
		10.4.3 Carbon Monoxide (CO) Oxidation
		10.4.4 Biosensors
	10.5 Conclusions
	References
11 Role of Magnetic Nanomaterials in Environmental Remediation
	11.1 Introduction
		11.1.1 The Evolution of Nanomaterials: A Historical Overview
		11.1.2 Nanoparticles with Magnetic Properties
		11.1.3 Classification of Magnetic Nanomaterials—Based on Properties
		11.1.4 General Applications of Magnetic Nanomaterials
	11.2 Magnetic Nanomaterials in Environmental Remediation
		11.2.1 Wastewater Treatment Using Magnetic Nanomaterials
		11.2.2 Magnetic Nanoparticle for Removal of Toxic Metal Ions
		11.2.3 Pesticides and Antibiotic Removal by Magnetic Nanoparticles
	11.3 Summary and Future Prospectives
	References
12 Applications and Working Mechanism of Fe2O3 Nanoparticle and Its Composite for Wastewater Treatment
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Removal of Organic Dyes
	12.3 Removal of Pesticides and Other Organic Pollutants
	12.4 Conclusion
	References
13 Iron Oxide-Based Heterogeneous Catalysts for Environmental Applications
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Catalytic Oxidation of VOCs by Iron Oxide-Based Catalysts
	13.3 CO Oxidation
	13.4 Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NOx
	13.5 Fenton Reaction
	13.6 Conclusion
	References
14 Nonspherical Iron Oxide Particles: Synthesis and Applications in Interfacial Science and Engineering
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Synthesis of Anisotropic Hematite Particles
	14.3 Effect of Surface Charge on Adsorption of Ellipsoids to Interfaces
	14.4 Contact Angle and Orientation of Anisotropic Hematite Particles at Fluids Interfaces
	14.5 Detachment Energy of Anisotropic Particles from Fluid–fluid Interfaces
	14.6 Shape-Induced Interface Deformation
	14.7 Surface Rheology of Hematite Ellipsoids
	14.8 Emulsion Stabilization Using Anisotropic Iron Oxide Particles
		14.8.1 Role of Aspect Ratio of Ellipsoids
		14.8.2 Emulsions Stabilized by Cubes and Peanuts
		14.8.3 Emulsion Phase Inversion
	References
15 Role of Magnetic Nanomaterials in Biotechnological Applications
	15.1 Introduction
		15.1.1 History of Magnetic NPs
		15.1.2 Different Types of MNPs
	15.2 Properties of Magnetic Nanoparticles
		15.2.1 Surface Properties and Charge
		15.2.2 Size Dependent
		15.2.3 Composition, Shape, and Size
		15.2.4 Particle Shape
	15.3 Different Synthesis Methods
		15.3.1 Physical Methods
		15.3.2 Chemical Method of MNPs
	15.4 Characterization Methods of MNPS
		15.4.1 Surface and Size Morphology
		15.4.2 Characterization of the Magnetic Properties
	15.5 Applications in Biotechnology
		15.5.1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
		15.5.2 Sentinel Lymph Node Imaging
		15.5.3 Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia
		15.5.4 Magnetic Particle Imaging
		15.5.5 Magnetically Triggered Drug Release
		15.5.6 Nano Warming of Cryopreserved Tissue and Organs
		15.5.7 Proteins and DNA Separation
		15.5.8 Biosensing with Magnetic Nano Switches
		15.5.9 Bacteria Detection and Sequestration with MNPs
	15.6 Conclusions
	References
16 Conclusion
Index