Introduction to the R Project for Statistical Computing

1 What is R?......Page 4
2.1 Advantages......Page 5
2.2 Disadvantages......Page 6
2.3 Alternatives......Page 7
3.3 Stopping R......Page 9
3.4 Setting up a workspace......Page 10
3.5 The command prompt......Page 11
3.6 On-line help......Page 12
3.8 Saving your graphs......Page 13
3.9 Writing and running scripts......Page 14
3.11 Loading optional packages......Page 15
3.12 Sample datasets......Page 17
4.1 Command-line calculator and mathematical operators......Page 18
4.2 Creating new objects: the assignment operator......Page 19
4.3 Methods and their arguments......Page 20
4.4 Vectorized operations and re-cycling......Page 22
4.5 Vector and list data structures......Page 23
4.6 Arrays and matrices......Page 25
4.7 Data frames......Page 29
4.8 Factors......Page 34
4.9 Selecting subsets......Page 35
4.10 Simultaneous operations on subsets......Page 38
4.11 Rearranging data......Page 39
4.12 Random numbers and simulation......Page 40
4.14 Objects and classes......Page 42
4.15 Descriptive statistics......Page 44
4.16 Classification tables......Page 45
4.17 Sets......Page 46
4.18 Statistical models in S......Page 47
4.19 Models with categorical predictors......Page 50
4.20 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)......Page 52
4.21 Model output......Page 53
4.22 Advanced statistical modelling......Page 55
4.23 Missing values......Page 56
4.24 Control structures and looping......Page 57
4.25 User-defined functions......Page 58
4.26 Computing on the language......Page 59
5.1 Base graphics......Page 61
5.2 Types of base graphics plots......Page 66
5.4 Trellis graphics......Page 68
5.6 Adjusting Trellis graphics parameters......Page 74
5.8 Multiple graphs in the same window......Page 76
5.9 Colours......Page 78
6.1 Preparing data directly......Page 82
6.2 Importing data from a CSV file......Page 84
7 Exporting from R......Page 86
8.2 Setting up a random sampling scheme......Page 87
9.1 R tutorials and introductions......Page 89
9.4 Web Pages to learn R......Page 90
9.5 Keeping up with developments in R......Page 91
10.1 Help! I got an error, what did I do wrong?......Page 92
10.2 Why didn't my command(s) do what I expected?......Page 94
10.3 How do I find the method to do what I want?......Page 95
10.4 What statistical procedure should I use?......Page 97
A Obtaining your own copy of R......Page 98
A.2 Customizing your installation......Page 100
B An example script......Page 101
C An example function......Page 105
References......Page 107
Index of R concepts......Page 110