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دسته بندی: فیزیک حالت جامد ویرایش: نویسندگان: Leonid V. Azaroff سری: ISBN (شابک) : 0070026688, 9780070026681 ناشر: McGraw Hill سال نشر: 1960 تعداد صفحات: 473 زبان: English فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود) حجم فایل: 80 مگابایت
در صورت تبدیل فایل کتاب Introduction to solids. به فرمت های PDF، EPUB، AZW3، MOBI و یا DJVU می توانید به پشتیبان اطلاع دهید تا فایل مورد نظر را تبدیل نمایند.
توجه داشته باشید کتاب معرفی جامدات نسخه زبان اصلی می باشد و کتاب ترجمه شده به فارسی نمی باشد. وبسایت اینترنشنال لایبرری ارائه دهنده کتاب های زبان اصلی می باشد و هیچ گونه کتاب ترجمه شده یا نوشته شده به فارسی را ارائه نمی دهد.
این مطالعه از حالت جامد بر این فرض استوار است که یک چیز مشترک اکثر جامدات با اهمیت عملی این است که آنها کریستالی هستند. اهمیت کریستالوگرافی از دیرباز شناخته شده است. این اولین تلاش برای استفاده از تبلور جامدات به عنوان چارچوبی برای بحث در مورد ماهیت و خواص آنها است. بر ساختار، ماهیت و خواص جامدات کریستالی معدنی متمرکز شده و تقریباً تمام جنبه های مهم حالت جامد را پوشش می دهد.
This study of solid state is based on the premise that one thing the majority of solids of practical importance have in common is that they are crystalline. The importance of crystallography has long been recognized. This is the first attempt to use the crystallinity of solids as a framework for discussiing their nature and properties. Concentrates on the structure, nature and properties of inorganic crystalline solids, covering virtually all important aspects of solid state.
Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Geometrical crystallography Periodicity in crystals Representation of a pattern. Repetition of an object. Translation periodicity. Representation of a lattice. Notation of planes in a lattice. Relationships between planes. Symmetry elements The operation of rotation. Proper rotation axes. Improper rotation axes. Screw axes. Glide planes. Symmetry groups Point groups. Categories of crystals. Plane groups. Space lattices. Space groups. Supergroups and subgroups. Chapter 3. The structure of crystals Equivalent positions in a unit cell Plane groups. Space groups. Determination of crystal structures Historical background. Elementary diffraction theory. Determination of unit cell contents. Determination of atomic arrangement. Spheres in closest packings What a closest packing is. Classification of closest packings. Voids in closest packings Significance of voids. Classification of voids. Coordination of voids. Body-centered cubic packings Representation of closest packings Chapter 4. Atomic packings in crystals Atomic theory Early discoveries. Spherical atoms. Atomic radii. Rules governing the packing of atoms Effect of radius ratio. Pauling's rules. Application of Pauling's rules to actual structures. Complex ions. Variations in atomic packings General considerations. Polymorphism. Isomorphism. Solid solutions. Derivative structures. Chapter 5. Imperfections in atomic packings Types of imperfections Discovery of imperfections. Classification of imperfections. Point defects Schottky defects. Frenkel defects. Disordered crystals. Line defects Dislocation types. Dislocation theory. Plane defects Large-angle boundaries. Small-angle boundaries. Stacking faults. Chapter 6. Mechanical properties of crystals Classification of properties Properties of engineering importance. Anisotropy in crystals. Preferred orientation in polycrystalline aggregates. Elastic deformation Single crystals. Polycrystalline aggregates. Plastic deformation Slip in single crystals. Mechanism of deformation. Fracture. Chapter 7. Formation of crystals Crystal growth Velocity of growth. Theories of growth. Mechanisms of growth. Twinning Growth twins. Deformation twins. Transformation twins. Growth in the solid state Recrystallization. Martensite transformation. Chapter 8. Transformations in crystals Elements of thermodynamics Introduction. Free-energy calculation. Equilibrium transformations First- and second-order transformations. Order-disorder transitions. Transformations in complex structures. Equilibrium diagrams The phase rule. Solid solutions. Complex diagrams. Kinetics of transformations Transformation rates. Homogeneous nucleation. Heterogeneous nuclea tion. Precipitation from solid solutions. Chapter 9. The bonding of atoms Elements of quantum mechanics Principles of wave mechanics. Schrodingcr's theory. Hydrogen atom. Pauli exclusion principle. Periodic table. Atomic bonds Forces between atoms. Ionic bonds. Covalent bonds. Metallic bonds. Van der Waals bonds. Cohesion of crystals Quantum-mechanical approach. Ionic crystals. Metallic crystals. Introductory band theory Chapter 10. Properties of metals Free-electron theory Early theories. Quantum theory. Fermi-Dirac statistics. Zone theory Quantum-mechanical approach. Allowed-energy zones. Brillouin zones. k space. Fermi surfaces. Density of states. Electrical properties Conductors and nonconductors. Conductivity in pure metals. Conduc tivity in alloys. Hall effect. Magnetic properties . . Diamagnetism. Paramagnetism. Ferromagnetism. Domain structure. Thermal properties Specific-heat theories. Thermal conductivity and expansion. Chapter 11. Structure of metals The elements Closest packings. Zone theory. Complex structures. Simple alloys Substitutional solid solutions. Order-disorder transformations. Intermediate phases ... Electron compounds. Ternary alloy phases. Laves phases. Sigma phases. Interstitial phases Interstitial carbides and nitrides. Interstitial hydrides and borides. Steels. Chapter 12. Properties of semiconductors Band theory Energy bands. Intrinsic semiconductors. Extrinsic semiconductors. Conductivity Electrons and holes. The temperature dependence of conductivity. Mobility of charge carriers. Lifetime of minority carriers. Optical properties Absorption spectrum. Photoconductivity. Photovoltaic effect. Lumi nescence. Junction properties Metal-metal junctions. Metal-semiconductor junctions, p-n junctions. Transistors. Chapter 13. Structure of semiconductors The elements Diamond structure. Graphite structure. Complex structures. Intermetallic compounds General properties. III-V compounds. Silicon carbide. Wurtzite and halite types. Binary sulfides. Complex sulfidesVan der Waals bonds. Cohesion of crystals 222 Quantum-mechanical approach. Ionic crystals. Metallic crystals. Introductory band theory 230 Chapter 10. Properties of metals 236 Free-electron theory 23(> Early theories. Quantum theory. Fermi-Dirac statistics. Zone theory 243 Quantum-mechanical approach. Allowed-energy zones. Brillouin zones. k space. Fermi surfaces. Density of states. Electrical properties 254 Conductors and nonconductors. Conductivity in pure metals. Conduc tivity in alloys. Hall effect. Magnetic properties . . 261 Diamagnetism. Paramagnetism. Ferromagnetism. Domain structure. Thermal properties 270 Specific-heat theories. Thermal conductivity and expansion. Chapter 11. Structure of metals 279 The elements 279 Closest packings. Zone theory. Complex structures. Simple alloys 289 Substitutional solid solutions. Order-disorder transformations. Intermediate phases ... 294 Electron compounds. Ternary alloy phases. Laves phases. Sigma phases. Interstitial phases 301 Interstitial carbides and nitrides. Interstitial hydrides and borides. Steels. Chapter 12. Properties of semiconductors 310 Band theory 311 Energy bands. Intrinsic semiconductors. Extrinsic semiconductors. Conductivity 321 Electrons and holes. The temperature dependence of conductivity. Mobility of charge carriers. Lifetime of minority carriers. Optical properties 331 Absorption spectrum. Photoconductivity. Photovoltaic effect. Lumi nescence. Junction properties 338 Metal-metal junctions. Metal-semiconductor junctions, p-n junctions. Transistors. Chapter 13. Structure of semiconductors 353 The elements 355 Diamond structure. Graphite structure. Complex structures. Intermetallic compounds 359 General properties. III-V compounds. Silicon carbide. Wurtzite and halite types. Binary sulfides. Complex sulfides Oxides Binary oxides. Complex oxides. Chapter 14. Properties of insulators Electrical properties Dielectric properties. Piezoelectricity. Ferroelectricity. Ionic conduc tivity. Electric breakdown. Optical properties Refraction. Birefringence. Color centers. Magnetic properties Exchange interactions. Antiferromagnetism. Ferrimagnetism. Mag netic resonance. Chapter 15. Structure of insulators Halogens and halides Oxides Perov8kite type. Borates. Silicates. Glasses Silicate glasses. Borate glasses. Other glasses. Physical properties. Appendix 1. Physical constants Appendix 2. Conversion units Appendix 3. Atomic radii Appendix 4. Space-group symbols