Introduction to Public Health for Chiropractors

TITLE......Page 2
COPYRIGHT......Page 3
CONTENTS......Page 6
PREFACE......Page 12
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 14
CONTRIBUTORS......Page 16
DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF PUBLIC HEALTH......Page 18
PRIMARY, SECONDARY, AND TERTIARY LEVELS OF CARE AND PREVENTION......Page 22
AGENCIES: HOW PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES ARE ORGANIZED AND DELIVERED......Page 25
THE SPECIAL CASE OF THE AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION......Page 30
REFERENCES......Page 51
DEFINITIONS IN PUBLIC HEALTH......Page 52
ASSESSMENT OF RISK AND OCCURRENCE OF DISEASE......Page 55
MEASURING FOR CAUSATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT......Page 56
RISK DIFFERENCE......Page 57
PREVENTION......Page 58
COUNSELING PATIENTS ON BEHAVIOR CHANGE......Page 60
REFERENCES......Page 64
INTRODUCTION......Page 66
EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 67
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH......Page 81
DATA COLLECTION......Page 92
ETHICS IN PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH......Page 94
COMMUNITY-BASED PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH......Page 96
A FEW NOTES OF CAUTION......Page 97
EMERGING ISSUES......Page 98
REFERENCES......Page 100
AIR......Page 106
WATER......Page 109
SOLID WASTE......Page 115
HAZARDOUS WASTE......Page 118
REFERENCES......Page 121
INTRODUCTION......Page 124
IRON DEFICIENCY AND ITS RELATED ANEMIA......Page 125
FOLIC ACID DEFICIENCY: RELATED DISEASES AND RISK FACTORS......Page 128
RICKETS AND OTHER VITAMIN D-RELATED DISORDERS......Page 130
FLUORIDATION: RISKS AND BENEFITS......Page 132
DIETARY SUGARS AND SWEETENERS......Page 135
FAST FOOD......Page 140
TRANS FATS......Page 144
OBESITY......Page 148
REFERENCES......Page 151
WORK INJURY AS A PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUE......Page 164
HISTORY OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION......Page 165
CHALLENGES OF CONTEMPORARY WORKERS’ COMPENSATION SYSTEMS......Page 166
IMPACTS AND INCIDENCE OF NONCATASTROPHIC, WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURY......Page 167
CHIROPRACTIC EXPERIENCE IN WORKERS’ COMPENSATION......Page 168
BEST PRACTICES AND DISABILITY PREVENTION......Page 170
WHAT DOES THE FUTURE HOLD FOR WORKERS’ COMPENSATION SYSTEMS?......Page 173
CHIROPRACTORS: AN EXPANDING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH CARE RESOURCE......Page 175
REFERENCES......Page 176
CHAPTER 7 UNINTENTIONAL AND INTENTIONAL INJURIES......Page 180
INJURY IS A LEADING PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN......Page 182
THE IMPACT INJURIES HAVE ON SOCIETY......Page 183
INJURY EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 186
INJURY PREVENTION......Page 187
THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR INJURY PREVENTION AND CONTROL......Page 188
CATEGORIES OF VIOLENCE......Page 194
THE ECOLOGICAL MODEL......Page 196
VIOLENCE PREVENTION IN THE CHIROPRACTIC OFFICE......Page 197
REFERENCES......Page 198
CHAPTER 8 INFECTIOUS DISEASE......Page 200
PATTERNS OF DISEASE DISTRIBUTION......Page 201
SURVEILLANCE: DETECTION AND RESPONSE......Page 208
IMMUNIZATION......Page 210
RESISTANCE AND REEMERGENCE......Page 215
HEALTH CARE–ACQUIRED INFECTION......Page 217
PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER: INFLUENZA A AND PANDEMIC INFLUENZA......Page 219
REFERENCES......Page 222
INTRODUCTION......Page 232
HEART DISEASE......Page 234
DIABETES......Page 235
CANCER......Page 236
CONCLUSION......Page 240
REFERENCES......Page 241
CHAPTER 10 PHYSICAL FITNESS......Page 250
THE COST OF INACTIVITY......Page 251
THE HEALTH RISKS OF NOT MAINTAINING A HEALTHY WEIGHT......Page 252
HEALTH BENEFITS OF SPECIFIC EXERCISES......Page 253
CONCLUSION......Page 255
REFERENCES......Page 256
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS......Page 258
ARTHRITIS......Page 260
OCCUPATIONAL MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES......Page 261
COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS......Page 262
COMORBIDITIES OF CHRONIC SPINE DISEASE AND ITS PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS......Page 263
ACTION NEEDED FROM SPINE PRACTITIONERS......Page 264
REFERENCES......Page 266
CHAPTER 12 TOBACCO, ALCOHOL, AND DRUG ABUSE......Page 268
TOBACCO......Page 269
ALCOHOL......Page 279
DRUGS......Page 289
CHIROPRACTIC INVOLVEMENT......Page 296
REFERENCES......Page 300
CHAPTER 13 PEDIATRICS IN PUBLIC HEALTH......Page 316
THE ROLE OF THE CHIROPRACTOR IN DEVELOPMENTAL SURVEILLANCE......Page 317
THE ROLE OF THE CHIROPRACTOR IN NUTRITIONAL SURVEILLANCE......Page 319
THE ROLE OF THE CHIROPRACTOR IN CHILD SAFETY SURVEILLANCE......Page 326
THE ROLE OF THE CHIROPRACTOR IN ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE......Page 329
CONCLUSION......Page 331
REFERENCES......Page 332
CHAPTER 14 AGING, PUBLIC HEALTH, AND CHIROPRACTIC......Page 336
CHIROPRACTIC AND THE PUBLIC HEALTH EFFORT......Page 337
SPECIFIC PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERNS IN THE AGING......Page 339
A DISCUSSION OF LIVING OPTIONS: CHOICES FACING FAMILIES......Page 347
REFERENCES......Page 350
CHAPTER 15 POPULATION HEALTH......Page 354
POPULATION HEALTH ISSUES......Page 355
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND POVERTY......Page 357
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE......Page 358
PHYSICAL LIVING ENVIRONMENT......Page 359
EDUCATION......Page 360
SOCIAL AND FAMILY NETWORKS......Page 361
CULTURE, RACE, AND ETHNICITY......Page 362
INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS......Page 364
ADDRESSING POPULATION HEALTH ISSUES......Page 365
REFERENCES......Page 368
CHAPTER 16 PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS WITH CONSIDERATIONS FOR CHIROPRACTIC......Page 372
HEALTH SERVICES AND HEALTH INSURANCE, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE......Page 373
CONSUMER PROTECTION AND CONSUMER EMPOWERMENT IN HEALTH CARE......Page 375
REFERENCES......Page 378
CHAPTER 17 PUBLIC HEALTH: A PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY?......Page 380
FROM BELIEFS TO BEHAVIOR......Page 381
CHANGING BEHAVIOR......Page 382
MOTIVATION......Page 384
MAKING PRUDENT CHOICES......Page 386
TAKING A BROAD-BASED APPROACH......Page 388
REFERENCES......Page 389
MOVING FORWARD IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM......Page 392
HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010: ROADMAP FOR INTEGRATION......Page 393
THE INTERFACE BETWEEN CHIROPRACTIC PRACTICE AND PUBLIC HEALTH......Page 397
USING A WELLNESS MODEL FOR INTEGRATION OF CHIROPRACTIC INTO PUBLIC HEALTH......Page 398
USING HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010 AS A ROADMAP TO INTEGRATING CHIROPRACTIC PRACTICE INTO THE PUBLIC HEALTH ARENA......Page 399
REFERENCES......Page 404
GLOSSARY......Page 408
INDEX......Page 424