Introduction to Orthotics: A Clinical Reasoning and Problem-Solving Approach

Front
Cover
IFC
Introduction to Orthotics
Copyright
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Dedication
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CONTRIBUTORS
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PREFACE
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
CONTENTS
UNIT ONE -
Orthotic Foundations
	Chapter 1 - Foundations of Orthotics
		Definition of Splint and Orthosis
		Historical Synopsis of Orthotic Intervention
		Professionals Who Make Orthoses
		Categorization of Orthotics
		Orthotic Designs
		Evidence-Based Practice and Orthotic Provision
		Review Questions
		References
	Chapter 2 - Occupation-Based Orthotic Intervention
		Client-Centered versus Occupation-Based Approaches with Orthotic Intervention
		Occupation-Based Orthotic Design and Fabrication
		The Influence of Occupational Desires on Orthotic Design and Selection
		Evidence to Support Preservation of Occupational Engagement and Participation
		Utilizing an Occupation-Based Approach to Orthotic Intervention
		Orthotic Design Options to Promote Occupational Engagement and Participation
		Summary
		Review Questions
		References
	Chapter 3 - Orthotic Processes, Tools, and Techniques
		Thermoplastic Materials
		Thermoplastic Material Content and Properties
		Process: Making the Orthosis
		Prefabricated Orthoses
		Orthotic Workroom or Cart
		Documentation and Reassessment
		Physical Agent Modalities
		Superficial Agents
		Review Questions
		References
	Chapter 4 - Anatomic and Biomechanical Principles Related to Orthotic Provision
		Basic Anatomical Review for Orthotic Intervention
		Shoulder Joint
		Elbow Joint
		Wrist Joint
		Finger and Thumb Joints
		Extrinsic Muscles of the Hand
		Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand and Wrist
		Arches of the Hand
		Anatomic Landmarks of the Hand
		Grasp and Prehensile Patterns
		Biomechanical Principles for Orthotic Intervention
		Contour
		Mechanics of Skin and Soft Tissue
		Summary
		References
	Chapter 5 - Clinical Examination and Implications for Orthotic Intervention
		Clinical Examination
		Orthotic Precautions
		Adherence
		Orthotic Care
		Summary
		References
	Chapter 6 - Clinical Reasoning for Orthotic Fabrication
		Clinical Reasoning Models
		Clinical Reasoning throughout the Intervention Process
		Orthotic Intervention Approach and Design Considerations
		Clinical Reasoning Considerations for Designing and Planning the Orthosis
		Post-Fabrication Monitoring
		Evaluation and Adjustment of Orthoses
		Orthotic-Wearing Schedule Factors
		Discontinuation of an Orthosis
		Cost and Payment Issues
		Orthotic Intervention Error and Client Safety Issues
		References
UNIT TWO -
Orthosis for Conditionsand Populations
	Chapter 7 - Orthoses for the Wrist
		Volar, Dorsal, Ulnar, and Circumferential Wrist Immobilization Orthoses
		Features of the Wrist Immobilization Orthosis
		Diagnostic Indications
		Wrist Joint Contracture: Serial Orthotic Intervention with a Wrist Orthosis
		Fabrication of a Wrist Immobilization Orthosis
		Prefabricated Orthoses
		Impact on Occupations
		Summary
		Review Questions
		References
	Chapter 8 - Thumb Immobilization Orthoses
		Functional and Anatomic Considerations for Orthotic Intervention of the Thumb
		Features of the Thumb Immobilization Orthosis
		Diagnostic Indications
		Fabrication of a Thumb Immobilization Orthosis
		Fabrication of a Dorsal Hand-Based Thumb Immobilization Orthosis
		Impact on Occupations
		Prefabricated Orthoses
		Summary
		References
	Chapter 9 - Hand Immobilization Orthoses
		Premolded Hand Orthoses
		Precut Orthotic Kits
		Customized Orthoses
		Purpose of the Resting Hand Orthosis
		Components of the Resting Hand Orthosis
		Resting Hand Orthosis Positions
		Diagnostic Indications
		Fabrication of a Resting Hand Orthosis
		Precautions for a Resting Hand Orthosis
		Review Questions
		References
	Chapter 10 - Elbow and Forearm Immobilization Orthoses
		Anatomic and Biomechanical Considerations
		Clinical Indications and Common Diagnoses
		Features of Elbow Orthoses
		Fabrication of a Posterior Elbow Immobilization Orthosis
		References
	Chapter 11 - Orthotics for the Fingers
		Functional and Anatomical Considerations of Orthotics for the Fingers
		Diagnostic Indications
		Precautions for Finger Orthotics
		Occupation Based Orthotics
		Fabrication of a Dorsal-Volar Mallet Orthoses
		Prefabricated Mallet Orthoses
		Fabrication of a Proximal Interphalangeal Hyperextension Block (Swan Neck Orthosis)
		Prefabricated Hyperextension Block Orthoses
		Impact of Swan Neck Deformities on Occupations
		Conclusions, Evidence Based Practice Information Chart
		Review Questions
		References
	Chapter 12 - Mobilization Orthoses: Serial-Static, Dynamic, and Static-Progressive Orthoses
		Goals of Mobilization Orthoses
		Types of Mobilization Orthoses
		Biomechanical Principles
		Common Features of Mobilization Orthoses
		Technical Tips for Dynamic Orthotic Provision
		Materials and Equipment for a Dynamic Orthosis
		Precautions for a Mobilization (Dynamic) Orthosis
		Clinical Considerations for Mobilization Orthoses
		Review Questions
		References
	Chapter 13 - Orthotic Intervention for Nerve Injuries
		Peripheral Nerve Anatomy
		Nerve Injury Classification
		Nerve Repair
		Operative Procedures for Nerve Repair
		Purposes of Orthotic Intervention for Nerve Injuries
		Upper Extremity Compression Neuropathies
		Locations of Nerve Lesions
		Substitutions
		Prognosis
		Radial Nerve Injuries
		Ulnar Nerve Injuries
		Median Nerve Lesions
		Summary
		Review Questions
		References
	Chapter 14 - Orthotic Provision to Manage Spasticity
		Orthotic Designs for the Neurologically Impaired Hand
		Managing the Neurologically-Impaired Hand using a Problem-Solving Approach
		References
	Chapter 15 - Orthotic Intervention for Older Adults
		Treatment Settings and Orthotic Designs
		Age-Related Changes and Medical Conditions Impacting Orthotic Intervention
		Medications and Side Effects
		Purposes of Orthoses for Older Adults
		Orthotic Intervention Process for an Older Adult
		Review Questions
		References
	Chapter 16 - Orthoses for the Pediatric Population
		Purpose of Orthoses for Pediatrics
		Goals
		Development
		Common Pediatric Upper Extremity Conditions
		General Principals for Orthotic Fabrication
		Evidence for Orthotic Intervention for Children
		Summary
		References
UNIT THREE -
Topics Relatedto Orthosis
	Chapter 17 - Lower Extremity Orthotics
		Role of the Occupational Therapist
		Interdisciplinary Approach
		Orthotic Design Principles
		Foot Orthoses
		Ankle-Foot Orthoses
		Knee Orthoses
		Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthoses
		Hip Orthoses
		Hip-Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthoses
		Summary
		References
	Chapter 18 - Upper Extremity Prosthetics
		Causes of Upper Extremity Amputations
		Amputation Levels and the Impact on Function and Satisfaction
		The Team Members
		Prosthetic Options
		Prosthetic Rehabilitation
		Phases of Rehabilitation
		Psychological and Social Issues of Clients with Amputations
		Upper Extremity Prosthetic Intervention for Children
		Marketing Strategies and Recommendations
		Review Questions
		References
	Chapter 19 - Ethical Issues Related to Orthotic Provision
		Ethics and Health Care
		Sources of Moral Guidance
		Classic Approaches to Ethics
		Application to Complex Cases
		Contribution of Ethics to Clinical Practice
		Review Questions
		References
Glossary
Appendix A - Answers to Self-Quizzes, Case Studies, and Laboratory Exercises
	Chapter 1
	Chapter 2
	Chapter 4
	Chapter 5
	Chapter 6
	Chapter 7
	Chapter 8
	Chapter 9
	Chapter 10
	Chapter 11
	Chapter 12
	Chapter 13
	Chapter 14
	Chapter 15
	Chapter 16
	Chapter 17
	Chapter 18
	Chapter 19
Appendix B - Web Resources and Vendors
	Societies, Organizations, Education
	Orthotic Materials and Accessories Suppliers
Appendix
C - Resources for Upper Extremity Prosthetics
Index