Introduction To Modern Physics

INTRODUCTION TO MODERN PHYSICS FIFTH EDITION
	HALF-TITLE
	INTERNATIONAL SERIES IN PURE AND APPLIED PHYSICS
	TITLE-PAGE
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	PREFACE TO THE FIFTH EDITION
	PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION
	CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1 HISTORICAL SKETCH
	FIRST PERIOD: EARLIEST TIMES TO 1550 A.D
		1. The Greeks
		2. Thales of Miletus
		3. Pythagoras
		4. Anaxagoras and Empedocles
		5. Democritus
		6. Aristotle
		7. Aristarchus
		8. Archimedes
		9. From the Greeks to Copernicus
		10. The Copernican System
	SECOND PERIOD (1550-1800 A.D.):RISE OF THE EXPERIMENTAL METHOD
		11. Galileo Galilei
		12. Tycho Brahe and Kepler
		13. The Experimental Method Spreads
		14. Sir Isaac Newton
		15. Newton's Contemporaries
		16. Mechanics during the Eighteenth Century
		17. Heat during the Eighteenth Century
		18. Light during the Eighteenth Century
		19. Electricity during the Eighteenth Century
		20. Close of the Second Period
	THIRD PERIOD (1800-1890 A.D.):THE RISE OF CLASSICAL PHYSICS
		21. The Nineteenth Century in Physics
		22. Heat and Energy
		23. Light
		24. Electricity and Magnetism
		25. Michael Faraday
		26. Joseph Henry
		27. James Clerk Maxwell
		28. The Completion of Electromagnetic Theory
CHAPTER 2 THE THEORY OF RELATIVITY
	29. Newtonian Relativity
	30. Relativity and the Propagation of Light
	31. The Michelson-Morley Experiment
	32. The New Relativity of Einstein
	33. Simultaneity and Time Order
	34. The Lorentz Transformation
	35. Contractions in Space and Time
	36. The Transformation of Velocities._
	37. Relativistic Mechanics The Variation of Mass
	38. Force and Kinetic Energy
	39. A Relation between Mass and Energy
	40. Relativity and Electromagnetism
	41. General Theory of Relativity
	42. Einstein's Law of Gravitation
CHAPTER 3 ELECTRONS AND THE PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
	43. Discovery of the Photoelectric Effect
	44. A Problem
	45. Electricity in Matter
	46. The Zeeman Effect
	47. The Discovery of the Electron
	48. Electronic Magnitudes
	49. Photoelectrons
	50. Relation between Photoelectric Current and Intensity of Illumination
	51. Energy Distribution of Photoelectrons
	52. Relation between the Velocities of Photoelectrons and the Frequency of the Light
	53. Other Properties of Photoelectric Emission
	54. Thermionic Emission
	55. What Is the Photoelectric Mechanism ?
	56. The Free-electron Theory of Metals
	57. Origin of Photoelectrons
CHAPTER 4 THE ORIGIN OF THE QUANTUM THEORY
	58. Thermal Radiation
	59. The Isothermal Enclosure and Black-body Radiation
	60. Pressure and Energy Flux Due to Isotropic Radiation
	61. The Stefan-Boltzmann Law
	62. Reflection from a Moving Mirror
	63. Effect of an Adiabatic Expansion upon Black-body Radiation
	64. The Wien Displacement Law
	65. The Formula for Black-body Radiation
	66. The Principle of the Equipartition of Energy
	67. Degrees of Freedom in an Enclosure
	68. The Rayleigh-Jeans Formula
	69. Planck's Investigation of Black-body Radiation
	70. Distribution and Average Energy of Harmonic Oscillators in Thermal Equilibrium
	71. Planck's Quantum Hypothesis
	72. Planck's Radiation Law
CHAPTER 5 THE NUCLEAR ATOM AND THE ORIGIN OF SPECTRAL LINES
	73. Spectroscopic Units
	74. Early Search for Regularities in Spectra
	75. Spectral Series and Their Interrelations
	76. Further Relationships between Series. Spectral Terms
	77. Early Views on Atomic Structure
	78. The Scattering of Alpha Particles by Atoms
	79. The Nuclear Atom
	80. The Bohr Theory of Atomic Hydrogen
	81. Quantum States of One Electron in an Atom
	82. Spectrum of a One-electron Atom
	83. The Spectrum of Atomic Hydrogen
	84. Ionized Helium
	85. Energy Levels and Series Relationships for Sodium
	86. Excitation and Ionization of Atoms by Electrons
	87. Absorption and Reemission of Radiation.
	88. The Boltzmann Distribution Law
	89. The Extension of Bohr's Theory
CHAPTER 6 WAVE MECHANICS
	90. Matter Waves
	91. Mechanics as Geometrical Optics of the Waves
	92. Refraction of Matter Waves
	93. The de Broglie Wave Length
	94. Experiments on Electron Waves
	95. Diffraction of Molecule Waves
	96. Schrodinger's Wave Equation
	97. Physical Significance of psi
	98. The Probability Stream Density
	99. The Indeterminacy Principle
	100. Stationary or Quantum States
	101. Physical Magnitudes as Operators
	102. Particle in a Box; the Harmonic Oscillator
	103. Perturbation Theory
	104. The One-electron Atom
	105. Relativistic Effects and Electron Spin
	106. Two Noninteracting Particles in a Box
	107. Electron Spin The Exclusion Principle
	108. Emission and Absorption of Radiation
CHAPTER 7 ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND OPTICAL SPECTRA
	COMPLEX ATOMS
		109. The Central-field Approximation for a  Many-electron Atom
		110. Shells and Subshells
	THE PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS
		111. General Features of the Periodic Table
		112. The First Two Periods
		113. Valence Bonds
		114. Remainder of the Periodic Table
	OPTICAL SPECTRA
		115. Angular Momentum and its Selection Rules
		116. Alkali-type Spectra
		117. Term Energies of the Alkali Metals
		118. The Spin-orbit Effect in a Central Field
		119. Fine Structure in Alkali-type Spectra
		120. Multiplet Levels for One-electron Atoms
		121. Fine Structure of Spectral Lines from One-electron Atoms
		122. Many-electron Wave Theory
		123. LS or Russell-Saunders Coupling
		124. LS Multiplets of Levels
		125. Spacing of the LS Multiplet Levels
		126. The Arc Spectrum of Mercury
		127. Equivalent Electrons
		128.  Coupling of the jj Type
		129. Effects of a Magnetic Field on an Atom
		130. Zeeman Effect in a Huge Field
		131. Zeeman Effect in a Weak Field
		132. Zeeman Patterns of LS Multiplets in a Weak Field
		133. The Paschen-Back Effect
		134. The Stern-Gerlach Experiment
		135. Isotope Structure and Hyperfine Structure
		136. Magnetic Beam Measurement of Nuclear Spins and Moments
		137. The Breadth of Spectral Lines
		138. Molecular Spectra
		139. Rotation Spectra
		140. Vibration-rotation Spectra
		141. General Theory of Molecular Quantum States
		142. Electronic Bands
		143. The Raman Effect
		144. Homonuclear Molecules
		145. The Ammonia Inversion Spectrum
CHAPTER 8 X-RAYS
	EARLY, MOSTLY QUALITATIVE DEVELOPMENTS IN X-RAYS (1895-1912)
		146. The Discovery of X-rays
		147. Production and Measurement of X-Rays
		148. Classical Pulse Theory of X-rays
		149. Polarization, Absorption and Fluorescence of X-rays
	X-RAY SPECTRA
		150. The Crystal Diffraction Grating
		151. The X-ray Spectrometer
		152.  Monochromatic Characteristic Radiations
		153. Moseley's Law
		154. The Origin of X-ray Lines
		155. X-ray Energy Levels and Selection Rules
		156. The Continuous X-ray Spectrum
	INTERACTIONS OF X-RAYS WITH ATOMS
		157. The Absorption of X-rays
		158. The Photoelectric Effect for X-rays
		159. The Scattering of X-rays
		160. The Compton Effect
		161.  Refraction and Reflection of X-rays
		162. The Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation
	SOME LATER DEVELOPMENTS IN X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY
		163. Multiple Ionization of Inner Electron Shells
		164. X-ray Spectra and the Outer Part of the Atom
		165. X-ray Spectroscopy of Solids
CHAPTER 9 WAVE MECHANICS OF MATTER IN BULK
	THE QUANTUM THEORY OF SPECIFIC HEATS
		166. The Specific Heats of Ideal Gases
		167. The Specific Heats of Simple Solids
	THE WAVE MECHANICS OF IDEAL GASES
		168. The Ideal Gas
		169. Gaseous Pressure
		170. The Fermi-Dirac Gas
	CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
		171. The Atomic Approach in the Wave Mechanics of Crystals
		172. Conductors and Insulators
		173. The Collective-electron Approach
		174. Metals and Nonmetals
CHAPTER 10 THE NUCLEUS
	NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY
		175. The Discovery of Radioactivity
		176. Radiations from Radioactive Substances
		177. Radioactive Transformations
		178. Detection of Individual Charged Particles
		179. Nuclear Spectra of the Radioelements
	MASSES OF ATOMS
		180. Positive Rays
		181. Isotopes of Stable Elements
	ARTIFICIAL TRANSMUTATIONS BY ALPHA-PARTICLES
		182. Discovery of Artificial Transmutation
		183. Discovery of the Neutron
	NUCLEAR BINDING ENERGIES AND NUCLEAR FORCES
		184. Properties of Nuclei
		185. Constituents of Nuclei
		186. Masses and Binding Energies
		187. Nuclear Forces
	POSITRONS, ARTIFICIAL RADIOACTIVITY, ARTIFICIALLY ACCELERATED PARTICLES
		188. The Positron
		189. Induced Radioactivity
		190. Nuclear Transformations with Artificially Accelerated Particles
		191. Accelerators
	NUCLEAR REACTIONS AND NUCLEAR MODELS
		192. General Features of Nuclear Reactions
		193. Masses of Mirror Nuclides
		194. Particle Groups
		195. Nuclear Resonances
		196. Liquid-drop Model
		197. Neutron Reactions
		198. Energy Levels of Nuclei
		199. The Shell Model
	NUCLEAR FISSION AND NUCLEAR ENERGY
		200. Discovery of Fission
		201. Theory of Fission
		202. Prompt Neutrons-Chain Reactions
		203. Fast Fission-Explosive Reactors
		204. Fusion: Energy from the Light Elements
CHAPTER 11 COSMIC RAYS AND FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLES
	205. Early Work on Cosmic Rays
	206. The Measurement of Cosmic-ray Ionization
	207. The Altitude-depth Curve
	208. Discovery of the Latitude Effect
	209. Theory of Geomagnetic Effects
	210. Primary Momentum Spectrum
	211. Observations on Single Cosmic-ray Particles
	212. Showers and Bursts
	213. Theory of the Shower Phenomenon
	214. Discovery of the Mu Meson
	215. Properties of Mu Mesons
	216. The Pi Meson
	217. Artificial Production of Pi Mesons
	218. Heavy Mesons and Hyperons
	219. Nuclear Interactions of Cosmic Rays
	220. Cosmic-ray Primaries
	221. Development of the Cosmic Radiation in the Atmosphere
	222. Origin of Cosmic Rays
APPENDIX I ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY, MOMENTUM,
AND RADIATION
	223. Electromagnetic Units
	224. Electromagnetic Energy
	225. Electromagnetic Momentum
	226. Electromagnetic Waves
	227. Field of a Moving Point Charge
	228. Energy Radiated by Accelerated Point Charges
APPENDIX II COMPOSITION OF THE ELEMENTS
AND MASSES OF ISOTOPES
APPENDIX III FIRST IONIZATION POTENTIAL V, LOWEST SPECTRAL
TERM T, AND ELECTRON CONFIGURATION
OF THE ELEMENTS
SOME USEFUL CONSTANTS AND RELATIONS
INDEX
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