Introduction to Classical Chinese

Cover
Introduction to Classical Chinese
Copyright
Preface
Contents
List of figures
List of boxes
List of abbreviations
Abbreviated book titles
Introduction
	Defining Classical Chinese
	Characteristics of Classical Chinese
		Phonology
		Writing
		Characters vs. words
	Syntax
	Structure of this book
Part I
	Lesson 1: Word classes and constituents
		1.1 Introduction
		1.2 Word classes
			1.2.1 Nouns
			1.2.2 Pronouns
			1.2.3 Verbs
			1.2.4 Prepositions
			1.2.5 Adverbs
			1.2.6 Conjunctions
			1.2.7 Particles
			1.2.8 Interjections
		1.3 Constituents
			1.3.1 Subject
			1.3.2 Predicator
			1.3.3 Object
			1.3.4 Complement
			1.3.5 Adjunct
		1.4 Clause types
		1.5 Exercises
	Focus 1: History of the Chinese language
	Lesson 2: Noun phrases I
		2.1 Introduction
		2.2 Asyndetic coordination
		2.3 Conjunctional coordination
		2.4 Asyndetic subordination
			2.4.1 Nouns as modifiers
			2.4.2 Pronouns as modifiers
			2.4.3 Verbs as modifiers
		2.5 Exercises
	Focus 2: Reconstruction of Middle Chinese
	Lesson 3: Nominal clauses
		3.1 Introduction
		3.2 Declarative clauses
			3.2.1 Identification and classification
			3.2.2 Material composition
			3.2.3 Reason
		3.3 Adjuncts
			3.3.1 Negation
			3.3.2 Assertion
		3.4 Interrogative clauses
			3.4.1 Yes-noquestions
			3.4.2 Alternative questions
			3.4.3 Variable questions
		3.5 Exercises
	Review 1: Learning vocabulary
	Lesson 4: Verbal clauses
		4.1 Introduction
		4.2 Simple predicators
			4.2.1 Single verb
			4.2.2 Coordinated verbs
		4.3 Simple modification
		4.4 Modal auxiliaries
			4.4.1 Active voice
			4.4.2 Passive voice
		4.5 Exercises
	Focus 3: Reconstructing Old Chinese
	Lesson 5: Objects and questions
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 Objects
			5.2.1 Single object
			5.2.2 Two objects
			5.2.3 Negation
		5.3 Interrogative sentences
			5.3.1 Yes-noquestions and alternative questions
			5.3.2 Variable questions
		5.4 Exercises
	Focus 4: Chinese writing
	Lesson 6: Noun phrases II
		6.1 Introduction
		6.2 Subordination with 之
			6.2.1 Nouns as modifiers
			6.2.2 Four-syllablephrases
		6.3 Nominalization with 者
		6.4 Exercises
	Focus 5: Personal names
	Lesson 7: Adverbial modification
		7.1 Introduction
		7. 2 Suppositions and questions
		7.3 Distributives
		7.4 Noun phrases
		7.5 然 phrases
		7.6 Subordination with 而
		7.7 Exercises
	Focus 6: Shujing
	Lesson 8: Prepositional phrases I
		8.1 Introduction
		8.2 Phrases with 於, 于, or 乎
			8.2.1 General usage
			8.2.2 Comparisons
			8.2.3 Passive voice
			8.2.4 Object and prepositional phrase
			8.2.5 Fusion words
		8.3 Phrases with 自 or 至
		8.4 Exercises
	Focus 7: Exemplary rulers
	Lesson 9: Prepositional phrases II
		9.1 Introduction
		9.2 Phrases with 以
			9.2.1 General usage
			9.2.2 Disposal constructions
			9.2.3 Anteposed prepositional ‘objects’
			9.2.4 The 以為 construction
		9.3 Phrases with 為
		9.4 Phrases with 與
		9.5 Exercises
	Review 2: Analysing clauses
		1 Ground rules
		2 Using signal words
		3 Using parallelism
		4 Exercises
	Lesson 10: Reference to time
		10.1 Introduction
		10.2 Past and present
		10.3 Duration
		10.4 Imperfective and perfective aspect
		10.5 Other aspectual distinctions
		10.6 Exercises
	Focus 8: Telling time
	Lesson 11: Complements
		11.1 Introduction
		11.2 Subject complements
		11.3 Object complements
		11.4 Comparisons
		11.5 Exercises
	Focus 9: Two-syllablewords
	Lesson 12: Nominalization
		12.1 Introduction
		12.2 Object nominalization
			12.2.1 所 with verbs
			12.2.2 所 with prepositions
		12.3 Clause nominalization
		12.4 Exercises
	Review 3: Analysing complex noun phrases
		1 者 phrases
		2 所 phrases
		3 Nominalized clauses
		4 Exercises
	Lesson 13: Topics
		13.1 Introduction
		13.2 Subject topicalization
		13.3 Object exposure
			13.3.1 Regular objects
			13.3.2 Prepositional objects
		13.4 Absolute topics
		13.5 Exercises
	Focus 10: Chunqiu
	Lesson 14: Anteposition and inversion
		14.1 Introduction
		14.2 Anteposition of objects
		14.3 Inversion of subject and predicate
		14.4 Exercises
	Review 4: Non-canonicalclauses
		1 Adjacent noun phrases
		2 Signal words
		3 Exercises
	Lesson 15: Complex sentences I
		15.1 Introduction
		15.2 Coordination
		15.3 Subordination with 而
		15.4 Conditional clauses
			15.4.1 Conditional conjunctions
			15.4.2 Consecutive conjunctions
		15.5 Exercises
	Focus 11: Shijing
	Lesson 16: Complex sentences II
		16.1 Introduction
		16.2 Concessive clauses
		16.3 Temporal clauses
		16.4 Causal clauses
		16.5 Final and consecutive clauses
		16.6 Exercises
	Focus 12: The unification of writing
Part II
	Focus 13: Modern editions of classical texts
	Lesson 17: Lunyu
		17.1 Introduction
		17.2 Learning (LY 1.1, 2.4, 16.13)
		17.3 Morals (LY 4.15, 12.2, 17.5, 13.19)
		17.4 Ritual (LY 12.1, 6.27, 3.15)
		17.5 Junzi vs. xiaoren (LY 4.11, 13.23, 12.5)
	Focus 14: Commentaries
	Lesson 18: Mengzi
		18.1 Introduction
		18.2 Profit, benevolence, and righteousness (Meng 1A1)
		18.3 Benevolent government (Meng 1A5)
		18.4 Human nature (Meng 6A2)
	Focus 15: The Warring States
	Lesson 19: Xunzi
		19.1 Introduction
		19.2 Encouraging learning (Xun 1)
		19.3 On human nature (Xun 23)
		19.4 Social order (Xun 9)
	Focus 16: Dictionaries
	Lesson 20: Zuozhuan
		20.1 Introduction
		20.2 A family feud in Zheng (Zuo 1.1)
		20.3 The story of Zhao Dun (Zuo 7.2)
	Focus 17: Composite texts
	Lesson 21: Guoyu
		21.1 Introduction
		21.2 The voice of the people (GY 1.3)
		21.3 A femme fatale (GY 7.3, 7.6)
	Focus 18: Transmission of classical literature
	Lesson 22: Laozi
		22.1 Introduction
		22.2 The ineffable Dao (Lao 1)
		22.3 Coincidentia oppositorum (Lao 2)
		22.4 The sage’s order (Lao 3)
		22.5 The ideal state (Lao 80)
	Focus 19: Manuscripts
	Lesson 23: Zhuangzi
		23.1 Introduction
		23.2 The butterfly dream (Zhuang 2)
		23.3 The wheelwright’s wisdom (Zhuang 13)
		23.4 The fish’s joy (Zhuang 17)
		23.5 Life and death (Zhuang 18)
	Focus 20: Text structures
	Lesson 24: Mozi
		24.1 Introduction
		24.2 Against Offensive Warfare (Mo 17)
		24.3 Beware of ghosts (Mo 31)
	Focus 21: Parallelism
	Lesson 25: Guanzi
		25.1 Introduction
		25.2 Shepherding the People (Guan 1)
	Focus 22: Rhymes
	Lesson 26: Military texts
		26.1 Introduction
			26.2 Waging War (Sun 2)
			26.3 Planning the Attack (Sun 3)
	Focus 23: Schools of thought
	Lesson 27: Shangjun shu
		27.1 Introduction
		27.2 Changing the rules (SJS 1)
	Focus 24: Multiple transmissions
	Lesson 28: Han Feizi
		28.1 Introduction
		28.2 Past and present (HFei 49)
		28.3 Public and private interest (HFei 49)
	Focus 25: Synonyms
	Lesson 29: Lüshi chunqiu
		29.1 Introduction
		29.2 Eliminate Self-Interest(Lü 1.5)
		29.3 Promote Farming (Lü 26.3)
	Lesson 30: Zhanguo ce
		30.1 Introduction
		30.2 Feng Xuan trades debt for gratitude (ZGC 11.1)
	Focus 26: Dialects
	Lesson 31: Shiji
		31.1 Introduction
		31.2 Biography of Confucius (SJ 47)
	Focus 27: Textual criticism
	Lesson 32: Yijing
		32.1 Introduction
		32.2 The Great Tradition I (Yi 7)
		32.3 The Great Tradition II (Yi 8)
	Lesson 33: Ritual texts
		33.1 Introduction
		33.2 The Cycle of Ritual (Li 9)
		33.3 The Great Learning (Li 42)
	Focus 28: Translation
Glossary
Bibliography
Index of linguistic terms