Interactions of Photons and Electrons with Atoms (Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology - New Series)

front-matter......Page 1
2.5  Momentum transfer cross sections......Page 0
Title Page......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Contributors......Page 5
Preface......Page 7
Objective......Page 8
Outline......Page 9
1.1  Introduction......Page 11
1.2.1  Measurement techniques......Page 12
1.2.2  Cross sections for atomic hydrogen......Page 13
1.2.3  Cross sections for helium......Page 15
1.2.4  Cross sections for neon (Z = 10)......Page 18
1.2.5  Cross sections for argon (Z = 18)......Page 24
1.2.6  Cross sections for krypton (Z = 36)......Page 32
1.2.7  Cross sections for xenon (Z = 54)......Page 39
1.2.8  Cross sections for atomic oxygen and nitrogen (Z = 8, 7)......Page 49
1.2.9  Cross sections for the alkalis (Z = 3, 11, 19, 37, 55)......Page 51
1.2.10  Cross sections for other elements......Page 55
1.3 Cross sections due to resonances, branching ratios, multiple ionization and angular distributions......Page 56
1.3.2  Resonances in helium......Page 57
1.3.3  Resonances between the two lowest ionization thresholds of the rare gases......Page 59
1.3.4  ns and doubly excited resonances in neon, argon, krypton and xenon......Page 61
1.3.5  Deep inner shell resonance regions......Page 63
1.3.6  Resonance regions in oxygen and nitrogen......Page 65
1.3.7  Resonances in the alkalis......Page 66
1.3.8  Resonance regions in other elements......Page 68
1.3.9  Branching ratios and angular distributions......Page 69
1.3.9.1  The ratio of double to single ionization for helium......Page 70
1.3.9.2  Branching ratios for light elements......Page 71
1.3.9.3  Ionization plus excitation, partial subshell cross sections and angular distributions......Page 74
1.4.1  Relationship of cross sections to the index of refraction and scattering......Page 77
1.4.2  Measurements of the index of refraction......Page 79
1.4.3  Measurements of elastic scattering......Page 80
Appendix: Alternative sources of data......Page 85
References for 1......Page 87
2.1.1  Generalities......Page 93
2.1.2  Scope and policy of the present treatment......Page 94
2.1.3  Methods for the determination of cross sections......Page 95
2.2.1  Generalities......Page 96
2.2.2.1  Hydrogen......Page 97
2.2.2.2  Helium......Page 99
2.2.2.3  Lithium......Page 100
2.2.2.4  Oxygen......Page 101
2.2.2.5  Neon......Page 102
2.2.2.7  Argon......Page 103
2.2.2.8  Krypton......Page 104
2.2.2.9  Xenon......Page 105
2.2.3  Additional remarks......Page 106
2.3.1  Generalities......Page 107
2.3.2.7  Argon......Page 108
2.3.3  Additional remarks......Page 109
2.4.1.1  Dipole allowed and forbidden transitions......Page 110
2.4.1.2  Collision strength......Page 111
2.4.1.5  Relation to the ionization cross section......Page 112
2.4.2.1  Hydrogen......Page 113
2.4.2.2  Helium......Page 116
2.4.2.3  Lithium......Page 118
2.4.2.4  Other atoms......Page 120
References for 2.1 to 2.4......Page 121
2.5.1.1  Definition in terms of the differential cross section......Page 127
2.5.1.2  Definition in terms of the scattering phase shifts......Page 128
2.5.2.2  Crossed beam and attenuation experiments......Page 129
2.5.4  Units......Page 130
2.5.5.1  Hydrogen......Page 131
2.5.5.2  Helium......Page 132
2.5.5.4  Oxygen......Page 134
2.5.5.5  Neon......Page 135
2.5.5.6  Sodium......Page 136
2.5.5.8  Argon......Page 137
2.5.5.9  Potassium......Page 139
2.5.5.12  Zinc......Page 140
2.5.5.13  Krypton......Page 141
2.5.5.14  Xenon......Page 143
2.5.5.16  Barium......Page 145
2.5.5.17  Mercury......Page 146
2.6.1  Introduction and general description......Page 148
2.6.2.3  Excited species targets......Page 150
2.6.3  Contribution of various processes to ionization......Page 151
2.6.3.1  Direct processes......Page 152
2.6.4.1  General features of the ionization cross section behavior......Page 153
2.6.4.2  Innershell electron ionization......Page 156
2.6.6.1  Empirical formulas for single ionization......Page 169
2.6.6.2  Analytical and empirical formula for ionization of inner-shell electrons......Page 170
2.6.6.3  Empirical formula for multiple ionization of neutral atoms......Page 171
2.6.6.4  Ionization rate coefficients......Page 172
2.6.7  References for 2.6......Page 173