Intelligent Equipment, Robots, and Vehicles: 7th International Conference on Life System Modeling and Simulation, LSMS 2021 and 7th International ... in Computer and Information Science, 1469)

Preface
Organization
Contents – Part III
Intelligent Robots and Simulation
Robotic Manpower Feedback Study on Lower Limb Rehabilitation
	1 Introduction
	2 Lower Limb Force Model
	3 Measurement Principle and Error Compensation
		3.1 Stress Deformation Model
		3.2 Temperature Compensation Circuit in Lower Limb Structure
		3.3 The Initial Imbalance is Set to Zero
	4 Simulation Result
	5 Conclusion
	References
Object Detection of Basketball Robot Based on MobileNet-SSD
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 MobileNet Network Structure
		3.1 Depthwise Separable Convolution
		3.2 Network structure and Advantage
	4 Mobilenet-SSD Neural Network
		4.1 Network Structure
		4.2 Multi-scale Detection
		4.3 Generation of Default Box
		4.4 Loss Function
		4.5 Macthing Strategy and Non-maximum Suppression
	5 Experiments
		5.1 Evaluation Criterion and Experimental Data
		5.2 Experimental Results and Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Detection of Overlapping and Small-Scale Targets in Indoor Environment Based on Improved Faster-RCNN
	1 Introduction
	2 Faster-RCNN
		2.1 Faster-RCNN Structure
		2.2 RPN
	3 Defects of Network
	4 Improvement
		4.1 Multi-scale Feature Image Fusion
		4.2 Soft-NMS
	5 Datasets and Experiments
		5.1 Datasets
		5.2 Experiment of Filtered VOC2007
		5.3 Self-made Dataset Experiment
	6 Conclusion
	References
Location Analysis and Research of Service Robot Based on Multi-sensor Fusion
	1 Introduction
	2 Sensor Positioning Principle
		2.1 Odometer Positioning Based on Dead Reckoning
		2.2 The Service Robot Moves in an Arc
		2.3 Robot Moves in a Straight Line
	3 LiDAR Positioning is Realized Based on ICP Algorithm [8]
	4 Odometer and Lidar Positioning Method Based on Particle Filter [9]
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research on Monocular SLAM of Indoor Mobile Robot Based on Semi-direct Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Algorithm Framework
		2.1 Monocular Initialization
		2.2 Initial Pose Estimation
		2.3 Feature Alignment
		2.4 Tracking Local Map
		2.5 Keyframe Selection
		2.6 Local Map Management
		2.7 Loop Closing Thread
	3 Experiments
		3.1 Pose Graph Optimization Experiment
		3.2 KITTI Dataset Experiment
		3.3 TUM Dataset Comparison Experiment
	4 Conclusion
	References
Research on Basketball Robot Recognition and Localization Based on MobileNet-SSD and Multi-sensor
	1 Introduction
	2 Robot Sensing Platform Construction
		2.1 The Functions of Each Subsystem
	3 Target Recognition Algorithm
		3.1 MobileNet-SSD Recognition Algorithm
		3.2 Depth-Separable Convolution
		3.3 Ball Classification and Position Localization
		3.4 Multi-distance Position Localization
	4 Experimental Results and Analysis
		4.1 Dataset Construction
		4.2 Experimental Environment
		4.3 Testing Performance Evaluation and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Artificial Potential Field Method for Area Coverage of Multi Agricultural Robots
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Previous Studies
		1.2 Contributions and Organization of the Paper
	2 Preliminaries
	3 Multi-robot Covering Algorithm Based on Artificial Potential Field Method
		3.1 Mathematical Model
		3.2 Local Minimum Problem
		3.3 The Guide Point
	4 Results
		4.1 The Evaluation Indexes
		4.2 Performance Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Collaborative Robot Grasping System Based on Gaze Interaction
	1 Introduction
	2 Previous Work of Gaze Interaction and Object Detection
	3 Materials and Methods
		3.1 Basic Framework
		3.2 Basic Principles
	4 Experiments and Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Intelligent Data Processing, Analysis and Control
A Hybrid Recommendation Algorithm Based on Latent Factor Model and Collaborative Filtering
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Two Basic Algorithms
		2.1 Collaborative Filtering
		2.2 Latent Factor Model
	3 Hybrid Recommendation Algorithm
		3.1 Comparison of LFM and Item-CF
		3.2 Similarity Calculation in Collaborative Filtering
		3.3 Calculation of User’s Interest
	4 Experimental Results and Analysis
		4.1 Experimental Data Set
		4.2 Experimental Evaluation Method Index
		4.3 Experimental Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Multi-plane Slope Stability Analysis Based on Dynamic Evolutionary Optimization
	1 Introduction
	2 Multi-plane Slope Stability Analysis Model
	3 Proposed Approach
	4 Simulation Results
		4.1 Case 1 – 2D Slope Stability Analysis
		4.2 Case 2 – 3D Slope Stability Analysis
	5 Conclusions
	References
Housing Assignment Optimization of Warehouse Breeding
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Description and Modeling
		2.1 Problem Statement
		2.2 Mathematical Modeling
	3 Social Spider Optimization Algorithm (SSO)
		3.1 Initialization of the Population
		3.2 Female Cooperative Operator
		3.3 Male Cooperative Operator
		3.4 Mating Operator
	4 Proposed GSSO
		4.1 Discrete Encoding Design
		4.2 Subpopulation Reconstruction
		4.3 Gaussian Mating Radius
		4.4 Multi-mating Operator
		4.5 Flow of the Proposed GSSO
	5 Simulations Results
		5.1 Sensitivity Analysis of the Probability Factor PF
		5.2 Benchmark Test and Analysis
		5.3 Application to Warehouse Housing Assignment
	6 Conclusion
	References
Automobile Rim Weld Detection Using the Improved YOLO Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Data Preprocessing
		2.2 Faster R-CNN Algorithm
		2.3 YOLO Algorithm
	3 Improved YOLO Algorithm
		3.1 YOLOv4-Head2
		3.2 YOLOv4-Head2-BiFPN
	4 Experimental Results and Analysis
		4.1 Evaluation Index
		4.2 YOLOv4-Head2 Effect Experiment
		4.3 YOLOv4-Head2-BiFPN Effect Experiment
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Novel Algorithm YOLOv4-Mini to Detection Automobile Rim Weld
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Two-Stage Object Detection Model Based on Candidate Regions
		2.2 Single-Stage Object Detection Model Based on Regression Thinking
	3 YOLOv4-Mini Based on Improved YOLOv4-Tiny Network Model
		3.1 YOLOv4-Tiny Added M-SPP Spatial Pyramid Pooling Structure
		3.2 Resetting Anchor Based on K-means + + Clustering Algorithm
		3.3 Data Enhancement Based on Mosaic
	4 Experiment and Result Analysis
		4.1 Experimental Data Preparation
		4.2 Experimental Configuration and Result Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Detection Method of Automobile Rim Weld Based on Machine Vision
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Research State
		2.2 Workflow of Weld Detection
	3 Experimental Result and Analysis
		3.1 Evaluation Indicators
		3.2 Experimental Environment
		3.3 Halcon-Based Weld Detection
		3.4 Weld Detection Based on YOLOv4
		3.5 Weld Detection Based on Faster R-CNN
		3.6 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Event-Triggered Output Feedback Predictive Control of Networked Control Systems Against Denial-of-Service Attacks
	1 Introduction
	2 System Description
		2.1 Event Generator
		2.2 Predictive Control
		2.3 Model Establishment
	3 Stability Analysis
	4 Controller Design
	5 Illustrative Simulation
	6 Conclusion
	References
Compression of YOLOv3-spp Model Based on Channel and Layer Pruning
	1 Introduction
	2 YOLOv3-spp Detection Network
	3 Compression of YOLOv3-spp Model Based on Channel and Layer Pruning
		3.1 Overall Plan
		3.2 Using the Scaling Factor of BN Layer
		3.3 Pruning of Shortcut Layer
		3.4 Fine-Tuning
	4 Experiment and Analysis
		4.1 Selection and Preprocessing of Dataset
		4.2 Experiment Process
		4.3 Analysis of Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Chinese Dish Detector with Modified YOLO v3
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Method
	3 Optimization of Network Architecture
		3.1 New Feature Extraction Network: SeDC-Darknet
		3.2 Prediction Network Optimization
	4 Algorithm Improvement
		4.1 GHM-Loss for Sample Imbalance
		4.2 New Non-Maximum Suppression (NMS) Strategy
	5 Experiments and Analysis
		5.1 Dish Data Set Description and Analysis
		5.2 Environment and Parameter Settings
		5.3 Results and Analysis
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
UJN-Traffic: A Benchmark Dataset for Performance Evaluation of Traffic Element Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 UJN-Traffic
		3.1 Samples in UJN-Traffic
	4 Experimental Result and Analysis
		4.1 Experiments of SSD
		4.2 Experiments of Faster R-CNN
		4.3 Experiments of YOLO V5
		4.4 Piers Detection Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Online Adaptive Strategy for Traffic-Light Timing Based on Congestion Pressure
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Intersection Description
		2.2 Framework
		2.3 Online Adaptive Strategy for Traffic-Light Timing
	3 Simulation and Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
UJN-Land: A Large-Scale High-Resolution Parcel of Land of Multi-temporal Dataset with CNN Based Semantic Segmentation Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 UJN-Land
		3.1 Efficient Labeling
		3.2 Sample in UJN-Land Dataset
	4 Experimental Result and Analysis
		4.1 Experimental of Segnet
		4.2 Experimental of Unet
		4.3 Experimental of PsPnet
		4.4 Parcel Semantic Segmentation Results
	5 Conclusion and Discussion
	References
An End-to-End Feature-Complementing Method for Building Classification with Residual Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Image Fusion Methods
		2.2 Image Classification Methods
	3 Proposed Method
	4 Experiments
	5 Conclusion
	References
Optimal-Performance-Supervised Vibration Control for Nonlinear Discrete-Time System with Delayed Input Under Sinusoidal Disturbance
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Description
	3 Transformation of Vibration Control Problem
		3.1 Reconstructions of Delay System and Sinusoidal Disturbances
		3.2 Formulation of OTGTC Problem
	4 Optimal-Performance-Supervised Vibration Control Strategy
		4.1 Design of OTVC
		4.2 Design of OPSIA
	5 Simulation Results
		5.1 Vehicle Active Suspension Under Road Disturbances and Delayed Input
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Novel PID Control for MIMO Systems in the DPLS Framework with Gaussian Process Model
	1 Introduction
	2 GP-DPLS Framework
		2.1 Outer DPLS Framework
		2.2 Inner GP Model
	3 PID Control Strategy
	4 Case Study
		4.1 GP Model with Sufficient Data
		4.2 GP Model with Insufficient Data
	5 Conclusion
	References
An Enhanced Discrete Human Learning Optimization for Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling Problem
	1 Introduction
	2 Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling Problem
	3 Enhanced Discrete Human Learning Optimization for PFSSP
		3.1 Initialization
		3.2 Learning Operators
		3.3 Updating of IKD and SKD
		3.4 Implementation of EDHLO
	4 Experimental Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Key Technology for Service Sharing Platform Based on Big Data
	1 Introduction
	2 Key Technology
		2.1 Microservice-Based Application System Architecture
		2.2 Component-Based Module Development
		2.3 Multi-source Heterogeneous Resource Pool Based on Big Data
	3 Design of System Architecture
	4 Design of System Function
		4.1 Background Resource Pool Management System
		4.2 Front-End Portal System
		4.3 Service Transaction and Review System
	5 Design of Database
	6 Design of Business Process
	7 Conclusion
	References
A Novel YOLO Based Safety Helmet Detection in Intelligent Construction Platform
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Method
		2.1 You Only Look Once (YOLO)
		2.2 Dataset Establishment
		2.3 Experiments
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Advanced Neural Network Theory and Algorithms
Hierarchical Finite-Horizon Optimal Control for Stackelberg Games via Integral Reinforcement Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
	3 Policy Iteration (PI) for Finite-Horizon Stackelberg Games
	4 Integral Reinforcement Learning (IRL) and the Implement of NN
		4.1 Finite-Horizon Reinforcement Learning Algorithm
		4.2 Description of Finite-Neural Network (FNN)
		4.3 Convergence of NN-Based Learning Algorithm
	5 Simulation
	6 Conclusions
	References
Activity Recognition Through Micro-Doppler Image Based on Improved Faster R-CNN
	1 Introduction
	2 System Overview
	3 Micro-Doppler Image Creation and Data Enhancement
	4 Improvements of Faster R-CNN
		4.1 Improvement of Feature Extraction Network
		4.2 Improvement of RPN
		4.3 Improvement of ROI
	5 Experiment and Analysis
		5.1 Experiment Environment
		5.2 Experimental Design Comparison and Analysis
		5.3 Performance Comparison of Measured Data
	6 Conclusion
	References
Prediction of Landslide Risk Based on Modified Generalized Regression Neural Network Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Landslide Monitor Platform
	3 Modified Generalized Regression Neural Network Algorithm
		3.1 Generalized Regression Neural Network
		3.2 Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
		3.3 Genetic Algorithm
		3.4 Modified Generalized Regression Neural Network Algorithm
	4 Experimental Data and Predictive Performance Analysis
		4.1 Experimental Data
		4.2 Entropy Method and Stability Score of Data
		4.3 Performance Comparison and Error Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Rough K-means Algorithm Based on the Boundary Object Difference Metric
	1 Introduction
	2 Basic Knowledge of Rough K-means
		2.1 Lingras and West Rough K-means
		2.2 π Rough K-means
		2.3 Rough Fuzzy K-means
	3 Rough K-means Algorithm Based on the Boundary Object Difference Metric
		3.1 Analysis of Boundary Object Neighbor Point Distribution
		3.2 Weight Measurement of Boundary Objects
		3.3 BODMRKM Algorithm
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Experiment Environment and Data Sets
		4.2 Evaluation Index
		4.3 DB and DUNN Index Comparison
		4.4 Clustering Results Comparison
	5 Conclusion
	References
Reducing the Width of a Feed-Forward Neural Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 FFNN\'s with ReLU Activation
		3.1 The FFNN\'s Form a Dual Space of the Data Points
		3.2 Equivalence of FFNN\'s
		3.3 Reducing Width of FFNN\'s
	4 Experiments
	5 Conclusion
	References
Decision Tree as Neural Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Decision Tree as Neurel Network
		2.1 Condition Matrix, Weight Matrix, and Tree Matrix
		2.2 Decision Tree as Neural Network
	3 Algorithm
	4 Comments and Conclusion
		4.1 Comments
		4.2 Conclusion
	References
Analysis and Prediction of Business and Financial Data Based on LSTM Neural Network
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Model Design
		1.2 Model Implementation and Training
	2 Case Analysis
	3 Conclusion
	References
Advanced Computational Methods and Applications
A Compound Wind Speed Model Based on Signal Decomposition and LSSVM Optimized by QPSO
	1 Introduction
	2 Wind Speed Forecasting Modeling
		2.1 Wind Speed Preprocess Method
		2.2 LSSVM Optimized by QPSO
		2.3 The Working Mechanism of the Proposed WPD-QPSO-LSSVM Model
	3 Case Study
		3.1 Testing Wind Speed Time Series
		3.2 Wind Speed Preprocessing
		3.3 Numerical Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Robot Path Planning Based on Improved RRT Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 RRT Algorithm
	3 Improved RRT Algorithm
	4 Experiment and Simulation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Robot Dynamic Collision Detection Method Based on Obstacle Point Cloud Envelope Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Description and Method Architecture
		2.1 Coordinate System Definition and Collision Detection Scene
		2.2 Overall Architecture of the Proposed Approach
	3 Robot Envelope Model and Invalid Point Cloud Filtering
		3.1 Construction of the Robot Envelope Model
		3.2 Invalid Point Cloud Filtering
	4 AGOM Algorithm and Collision Detection
		4.1 AGOM Algorithm
		4.2 Collision Detection Between Obstacle and Robot
	5 Collision Detection Experiment and Analysis
		5.1 Collision Detection Effect Verification
		5.2 Reliability Verification of AGOM
	6 Conclusion
	References
RSS/AOA Indoor Target Location Method Based on Weighted Least Squares Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 System Model
	3 Least Squares Estimation and Weighted Least Squares Estimation Method
		3.1 Least Squares Estimation
		3.2 Weighted Least Squares Estimation
	4 Experiment and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research on Vacuum Detection of Thermal Cup Based on Infrared Camera
	1 Introduction
	2 Detection Principle of Infrared Camera
	3 COMSOL Simulation of Vacuum Insulation Cup
		3.1 Structural Model of Stainless Insulation Cup
		3.2 COMSOL Geometric Model Construction
		3.3 Model Simulation Calculation Results and Analysis
	4 The Experimental Test
	5 Conclusion
	References
Application of Blockchain Technology in the Assessment System
	1 The Background and Significance of the Research
	2 The Core Technology of Blockchain
		2.1 Hash and Digital Signature
		2.2 Data Structure
		2.3 Merkle Tree
		2.4 Consensus Mechanism
		2.5 Proof of Work
		2.6 Proof of Stake
		2.7 Delegated Proof of Stake
	3 Classification of Blockchain
		3.1 Public Blockchain
		3.2 Private Blockchain
		3.3 Consortium Blockchain
	4 Application in the Assessment System
		4.1 Basic Structure of the System
		4.2 Basic Principles of the System
	5 Summary
	References
A Multi-Populations Human Learning Optimization Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Multi-Populations Human Learning Optimization
		2.1 Topologies of MPHLO
		2.2 Learning Operators of MPHLO
		2.3 Implementation of MPHLO
	3 Experimental Results and Discussions
		3.1 Low-Dimensional Benchmark Functions
		3.2 High-Dimensional Benchmark Functions
	4 Conclusion
	References
Fuzzy, Neural, and Fuzzy-Neuro Hybrids
Output-Based Ultimate Boundedness Control of T-S Fuzzy Systems Under Deception Attacks and Event-Triggered Mechanism
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
		2.1 System Description
		2.2 Event-Triggered Mechanism
		2.3 Closed-Loop System Modeling
	3 Stability Analysis
	4 Design of the FDOF Controller
	5 Example
	6 Conclusion
	References
Vibration Attenuation for Jacket Stuctures via Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
	3 Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control
		3.1 Design of Mixed Delayed Fuzzy Sliding Surface
		3.2 Mixed Delayed Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control Law
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Real-Time Multi-target Activity Recognition Based on FMCW Radar
	1 Introduction
	2 Overview of Real-time Multi-target Activity Recognition System Based on FMCW Radar
	3 Data Preprocessing, Multi-target Tracking Algorithm and Parameter Configuration
		3.1 Data Preprocessing
		3.2 Multi-target Tracking Algorithm
		3.3 Parameter Configuration
	4 Key Point Extraction, Feature Extraction and Activity Recognition
		4.1 Key Point Extraction
		4.2 Feature Extraction
		4.3 Activity Recognition
	5 Real-Time Testing
	6 Conclusion
	References
Hand Gesture Recognition in Complex Background Based on YOLOv4
	1 Introduction
	2 Background Subtraction
	3 Gaussian Filtering
	4 Dataset
	5 YOLOv4 Network
	6 Experimental Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
Design and Implementation of Security Labeling System Based on Neighborhood Rough Set
	1 Introduction
	2 Research on Neighborhood Based Rough Set
		2.1 Traditional Rough Set Theory
		2.2 Neighborhood Rough Set Model
		2.3 Neighborhood Rough Set Model Based on Annotation Result Set
	3 System Design Based on Neighborhood Rough Set
		3.1 Calculate the Degree of Association Between Classifiers
		3.2 Calculate the Membership of Image and Distortion Type
	4 Practical Application Results of the System
	5 Summary
	References
Continuous Human Learning Optimization with Enhanced Exploitation
	1 Introduction
	2 Continuous Human Learning Optimization with Enhanced Exploitation
		2.1 Learning Operators
		2.2 Updating of the IKD and SKD
		2.3 Implementation of CHLOEE
	3 Parameter Study and Analysis
	4 Experimental Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusion
	References
Observer-Based Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control for Networked Control Systems Under Cyber Attacks
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
	3 Observer-Based FSMC for NCSs
		3.1 Design and Convergence Analysis of Observer
		3.2 Design and Stability Analysis of Sliding Mode Controller
		3.3 Design of Fuzzy Rules
	4 Numerical Simulation and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Intelligent Modelling, Monitoring, and Control
Path Planning of Manipulator Based on Improved Informed-RRT* Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of RRT* and Informed-RRT*
		2.1 Principle Analysis of RRT* Algorithm
		2.2 Principle Analysis of Informed-RRT * Algorithm
	3 Trajectory Smoothing of Manipulator
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Analysis of Algorithm Simulation Experiment
		4.2 Real Manipulator Experiment
	5 Conclusion
	References
Dynamics of Cyber-Physical Systems for Intelligent Transportations
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
	3 Model
	4 Experiment and Results
		4.1 Simulation Settings
		4.2 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Modeling and Active Control of Offshore Structures Subject to Input Delays and Earthquakes
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Statement
	3 Design of the Active Damping H Controller
	4 Simulation
	5 Conclusions
	References
Design of Distributed Monitoring System for Nitrogen Generators Based on Edge Gateway
	1 Introduction
	2 Architecture of System
	3 Design of Local Device
		3.1 Design of Local Monitoring System
		3.2 Design of the Edge Gateway
	4 Design of Remote Monitoring
		4.1 Communication Protocol Design
		4.2 Design of Cloud Server
		4.3 Design of Monitoring Interface
	5 Performance Evaluation
		5.1 Time-Delay Test
		5.2 Reliability Test
	6 Conclusion
	References
Event-Based HFiltering for Descriptor Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
	3 Main Result
	4 An Illustrative Example
	5 Conclusion
	References
Modeling Thermal Sensation Prediction Using Random Forest Classifier
	1 Introduction
	2 A Brief Theory of Random Forest Classifier
		2.1 Ensemble Learning
		2.2 Random Forest Construction Steps
	3 Dataset and Modeling Methods
		3.1 Data Source
		3.2 Predictor
		3.3 Data Cleaning
		3.4 Normalization and Dataset Partitioning
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Feature Selection
		4.2 Parameters Adjustment
		4.3 TSV Forms
	5 Conclusion
	References
Design and Implementation of Airborne Fire Control Radar Simulation System
	1 Introduction
	2 System Structure
		2.1 System Hardware Structure
		2.2 System Software Structure
	3 Modeling of Simulation System
		3.1 Flight Situation Environment Model
		3.2 Mathematical Model of Aircraft Movement
		3.3 Radar Target and Jamming Model
		3.4 Radar Target Detection and Validation Model
		3.5 Mathematical Model of Tracking Target Motion
	4 Operation Control of Simulation System
	5 Conclusion
	References
Event-Triggered Distributed Maximum Correntropy Filtering in Non-Gaussian Environments
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation and Preliminaries
	3 Main Results
	4 Illustrative Example
	5 Conclusions
	References
Guaranteed Cost Control of Networked Inverted Pendulum Visual Servo System with Computational Errors and Multiple Time-Varying Delays
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
	3 Guaranteed Cost Control of NIPVSSs
	4 Experiments Analysis and Discussion
		4.1 The Influence of Parameter Uncertainties on NIPVSS Stability and Performance Index
		4.2 The Influence of Multiple Time-varying Delays on NIPVSS Stability and Performance Index
	5 Conclusion
	References
Intelligent Manufacturing, Autonomous Systems, Intelligent Robotic Systems
Double Generating Functions Approach to Quadrupedal Trot Gait Locomotion
	1 Introduction
	2 Dynamic Model
		2.1 Virtual Leg Technique
		2.2 Dynamic Model of Robot
	3 LQ Optimal Control Problem and Double GFS Based Method
		3.1 Energy Optimal Control Problem
		3.2 GF Method and Optimal Trajectory Generation
	4 Trot Gait Locomotion via Double Gfs and CPG Based Methods
		4.1 Locomotion via Double Gfs Based Method
		4.2 Locomotion via CPG Based Method
	5 Conclusions
	References
An End-to-End Deep Learning Model to Predict Surface Roughness
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Methodology
		2.1 Vibration Signal Preprocessing
		2.2 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
		2.3 Long-Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM)
		2.4 1D-CNN + LSTM + FCN Combined Prediction Model
	3 Experiments
		3.1 Data Description
		3.2 Experimental Data Preparation
		3.3 Experimental Model Setting
	4 Experimental Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Finite Element Analysis of Ultrasonic Guided Wave Propagation and Damage Detection in Complex Pipeline
	1 Introduction
	2 Finite Element Modeling
		2.1 Establish 3D Model
		2.2 Defect Modeling
		2.3 Section and Subsection Headings
	3 Experimental Research
		3.1 Excitation Waveform
		3.2 Experimental Results Analysis
		3.3 Monitoring Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Research on the Automatic Detection Device for Working Glass Container
	1 Introduction
	2 Technical Index and Hardware System Design
		2.1 Technical Index
		2.2 Hardware System Design
	3 Software System Design
		3.1 Overall Process Design
		3.2 Calibration Line Positioning
		3.3 Liquid Level Recognition
		3.4 Automatic Filling Scheme
	4 Experiment
	5 Conclusion
	References
Fault Feature Transfer and Recognition of Bearings Under Multi-condition
	1 Introduction
	2 Data Preprocessing
	3 Improved ResNet Network
	4 Transfer Learning
	5 Experiments and Results
		5.1 Experiments Environment
		5.2 Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Transfer Learning
		5.3 Compare and Analyze Experimental Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Impedance Based Damage Monitoring Method Under Time-Varying Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Development
		2.1 Analysis of Impedance Signal
		2.2 Analysis of Voltage Current Method
	3 Design of New Methodology Scheme
	4 Experimental Research
		4.1 Experimental System and Process
		4.2 Analysis of Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Analysis Between New Combined Profile Scroll and Circular Involute Profile Scroll
	1 Introduction
	2 The Establishment of Physical Model
		2.1 The Establishment of the Generatrix
		2.2 The Formation of the Scroll
	3 Comparative Analysis of Performance Parameters
		3.1 The Comparative Analysis of Compression Ratio
		3.2 The Comparative Analysis of Deformation Simulation
		3.3 The Comparative Analysis of the Pressure in the Internal Flow Field
	4 Conclusions
	References
Flow Characteristic of Scroll Compressor with Combined Profile Scroll
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Method
		2.1 Physical Model
		2.2 CFD Model and Boundary Condition
		2.3 The Numerical Grid and Grid Quality Check
	3 Simulation Results and Flow Analysis
		3.1 Pressure Distribution
		3.2 Temperature Distribution
		3.3 Velocity Distribution
		3.4 Mass Flow Rate
	4 Conclusion
	References
Design of a New Pneumatic Atomizer with V-shaped Slits and Numerical Study on the Spray Flow Field
	1 Introduction
	2 Design of a New Atomizer with V-shaped Slits
	3 Numerical Setup
		3.1 Mathematical Model
		3.2 Computational Domain and Numerical Methods
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 The Influence of Shaping Air Pressure
		4.2 The Influence of the Number of V-shaped Slits
	5 Conclusions
	References
Design of Scratching System for Scattered Stacking Workpieces Based on Machine Vision
	1 Introduction
	2 System Scheme Design
	3 Object Segmentation, Pose Recognition and Matching
		3.1 Workpiece Template Point Cloud Generation
		3.2 Target Workpiece Segmentation Algorithm
		3.3 Workpiece Matching and Pose Recognition Algorithm
	4 Experimental Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Discrete Sparrow Search Algorithm for Robot Routing Problem
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Statement and Model
	3 Materials and Method
		3.1 Sparrow Search Algorithm
		3.2 Discrete Sparrow Search Algorithm (DSSA)
	4 Experiment and Results Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Trajectory Tracking Control for An Underactuated Unmanned Surface Vehicle Subject to External Disturbance and Error Constraints
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation and Preliminaries
		2.1 Modeling for Underactuated USVs
		2.2 Error Constraint Function
	3 Design of Control Scheme
	4 Stability Analysis
	5 Simulation Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Lane Line Detection Based on DeepLabv3+ and OpenVINO
	1 The Background and Significance of the Research
	2 DeepLabv3+ and OpenVINO
		2.1 DeepLabv3+ Network
		2.2 OpenVINO Reasoning Optimization Tool
		2.3 Process
	3 Application and Analysis
		3.1 Experimental Environment
		3.2 Data Collection and Enhancement
		3.3 Model Training and Results
	4 Export Model and Inference Output
	5 Summary and Outlook
	References
Design of a Smart Community Inspection Robot
	1 Introduction
	2 Structural Design
		2.1 Requirement Analysis
		2.2 Mechanical Structure
	3 Control System Design
		3.1 Overall Scheme of Control System
		3.2 Sensor System of Robot
		3.3 Software Design of Robot
	4 Experimental Verification
	5 Conclusion
	References
Cartographer Algorithm and System Implementation Based on Enhanced Pedestrian Filtering of Inspection Robot
	1 Introduction
	2 Cartographer Algorithm Based on Enhanced Pedestrian Filtering
		2.1 Cartographer\'s Original Pedestrian Filtering Function
		2.2 Principle of Obstacle Detection Algorithm
		2.3 Cartographer Algorithm Based on Obstacle Detection to Enhance Pedestrian Filtering
	3 Design and Implementation of Autonomous Positioning and Navigation System
		3.1 Realization of Positioning Function
		3.2 Navigation Function Realization
	4 Experimental Result
		4.1 Cartographer Algorithm Experiment to Enhance Pedestrian Filtering
		4.2 Navigation and Positioning Accuracy Experiment
		4.3 Actual Site Positioning and Navigation Experiment
	5 Conclusion
	References
Tire Body Defect Detection: From the Perspective of Industrial Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 X-Ray Image Area Segmentation
		2.1 Overview of Semantic Segmentation
		2.2 Construction of Lightweight SegNet Network
	3 X-Ray Image Defect Detection
		3.1 Identification Algorithm of Cord Spacing Irregularity
		3.2 Location of Impurity in Tire Body
	4 Experimental Analysis and Verification
	5 Conclusion
	References
Computational Intelligence and Applications
TPE-Lasso-GBDT Method for BV-2 Cell Toxicity Classifier
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Molecular Representation
		2.2 Machine Learning Models
		2.3 Feature Selection Methods
		2.4 Tree Parzen Estimator (TPE)
	3 Simulation
		3.1 Dataset Description and Model Performance Evaluation
		3.2 Experiment Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
High-Resolution Digital Mapping of Soil Total Nitrogen in Hilly Region Using Multi-variables Based on Landform Element Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods and Materials
		2.1 Site Description
		2.2 Soil Sampling and Analysis
		2.3 Remote Sensing Variables
		2.4 GM Variables and DEM Derivatives
		2.5 Modelling Techniques
		2.6 Statistical Analyses
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Descriptive Statistics of Sampled STN Content
		3.2 Evaluation of Model Predictions
		3.3 The Relative Importance of Environmental Data
		3.4 The Spatial Prediction of STN Content
	4 Conclusion
	References
Research on Adulteration Detection of Rattan Pepper Oil Based on BASWOASVR
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Detection Principle of Near Infrared Spectroscopy
		1.2 Principles of SVR Model
		1.3 Principle of the Beetle Antennae Search Algorithm (BAS)
		1.4 Principle of the Whale Optimization Algorith (WOA)
		1.5 BAS Combined with WOA
		1.6 Model Evaluation Criteria
	2 The Experimental Part
		2.1 Sample Preparation
		2.2 Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Collection and Pre-processing
		2.3 Model Accuracy Test
		2.4 Analysis of Results
	3 Conclusion
	References
Feature Selection Based on a Modified Adaptive Human Learning Optimization Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Modified Adaptive Human Learning Optimization Algorithm for Feature Selection
		2.1 Initialization
		2.2 Learning Operators
		2.3 Adaptive Strategies
	3 Feature Selection Based on MAHLO
		3.1 Wrapper Feature Selection Based on MAHLO and SVM
		3.2 Procedure
	4 Experiments and Analysis
		4.1 Simulative Benchmark Problems
		4.2 UCI Benchmark Problems
	5 Conclusions
	References
New BBO Algorithm with Mixed Migration and Gaussian Mutation
	1 Introduction
	2 Basic BBO Algorithm
		2.1 The Basic Idea of BBO Algorithm
		2.2 Migration Operation
		2.3 Mutation Operation
	3 New BBO Algorithm
		3.1 Select the Hyperbolic Tangent Transfer Model
		3.2 Mixed Migration Mode with Perturbation Factor
		3.3 Improved Mutation Operation
		3.4 Improved Algorithm Flow Chart
	4 Research on Simulation Examples
		4.1 Select Test Functions
		4.2 Choose Various Comparison Algorithms
		4.3 Parameter Settings
		4.4 Analysis of Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Clustering Ensemble Algorithm Based on an Improved Co-association Matrix
	1 Introduction
	2 Clustering Ensemble Algorithm
		2.1 Introduction to Clustering Ensemble
		2.2 Introduction to CAM
	3 The Clustering Ensemble Algorithm Based on An Improved Co-Association Matrix (CEICAM)
		3.1 Design of Base Clustering
		3.2 Design of CEICAM
	4 Experiment Analysis
		4.1 Experiment Results on Artificial and Standard Data Sets
		4.2 Experimental Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Optimal Design of Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network Considering Supply Disruption
	1 Introduction
	2 Model Description and Assumptions
	3 Symbol Description
	4 Mathematical Modelling
	5 Numerical Examples
		5.1 Comparative Analysis of Recovery Mechanism Model and Non-recovery Mechanism Model
		5.2 Impact of Supply Capacity Loss Ratio on Planning Results
		5.3 The Influence of Tolerance Coefficient of Shortage on Planning Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Author Index