Intelligent Computing and Optimization: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Optimization 2023 (ICO2023), Volume 1 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 729)

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Digital Transformation, Image Analysis and Sensor Technology
Digitally-Enabled Dynamic Capabilities for Digital Transformation
	1 Introduction
	2 Dynamic Capabilities for Digital Transformation
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Analysis
	5 Discussion and Conclusion
		5.1 Implications for Theory
		5.2 Implications for Practice
		5.3 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research
	Appendix A: Robustness Test
	Appendix B
	References
Digitization of Feeding Processes in Pond Aquaculture Using a Cyber-Physical System for Analyzing Monitoring Data and Transmitting Information Using LoRaWAN Technology
	1 Introduction
	2 Data and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Energy Efficient Routing Approaches in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Energy Consumption and Protocol Stacks
	3 Related Work
		3.1 Leach [5]
		3.2 Leach-C [6]
		3.3 Cluster Fuzzy-Based Algorithm [7]
		3.4 Leach-Mac [8]
		3.5 Energy-Aware Distributed Unequal Clustering [9]
		3.6 Unequal Clustering Size Model [10]
		3.7 Energy-Aware Distributed Clustering [11]
		3.8 Fuzzy Based Balanced Cost CH Selection [12]
		3.9 Distributed CH Scheduling [13]
		3.10 K-means Based Clustering Algorithm [14]
		3.11 Pareto Optimization Based Approach [15]
		3.12 Energy Efficiency Semi Static Routing Algorithm [16]
		3.13 Hybrid Energy Efficient Routing [17]
		3.14 Improved ABC Algorithm [18]
		3.15 Hierarchical Energy Balancing Multipath [19]
		3.16 Novel Energy Aware Hierarchical Cluster Based Protocol [20]
		3.17 Heuristic Algorithm for Clustering Hierarchy [21]
		3.18 Multi-level Route Aware Clustering [22]
		3.19 Double Phase Cluster Head Election Scheme [23]
	4 Open Research Issues
	5 Conclusion
	References
Robust Vehicle Speed Estimation Based on Vision Sensor Using YOLOv5 and DeepSORT
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
		2.1 Learning-Based
		2.2 Three-Based Process
		2.3 Speed Estimation
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Data Acquisition
		3.2 Detection: YOLOv5
		3.3 Tracking: DeepSORT
		3.4 Speed Estimation
	4 Conclusion
	References
Automatic Alignment of Aerospace Images Based on the Search for Characteristic Points
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Conclusion
	References
Method for Plant Leaves Square Area Estimation Based on Digital Image Analysis
	1 Instruction
	2 Methods and Materials
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Digital Revolution Through Computational Intelligence: Innovative Applications and Trends
	1 Introduction
	2 The Five Main Principles of CI and Its Applications
		2.1 Fuzzy Logic
		2.2 Neural Networks
		2.3 Evolutionary Computation
		2.4 Learning Theory
		2.5 Probabilistic Methods
		2.6 Issues of Traditional Computing
	3 Digital Revolution and Artificial Intelligence
	4 Big Data
	5 Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Computational Intelligence (CI)
	6 Internet of Things (IoT) and Computational Intelligence (CI)
	7 Computational Intelligence as a New Paradigm
	8 Innovative Applications
	9 Conclusion
	References
Compressive Sensing and Orthogonal Matching Pursuit-Based Approach for Image Compression and Reconstruction
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Approach
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Capabilities for Digital Transformation and Sustainability in an Emerging Economy
	1 Introduction
	2 Capabilities for Digital Transformation and Sustainability
	3 Research Methodology
	4 Results and Analysis
	5 Discussion and Conclusion
		5.1 Implications for Theory and Practice
		5.2 Limitations and Directions for Future Research
	Appendix
	References
Non-invasive Glucose Measurement with 940 nm Sensor Using Short Wave NIR Technique
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Methodology and Implementation
	3 Mathematical Modelling for Prediction of Blood Glucose Concentration
	4 Conclusion
	References
Managing the Purchase-Sale Process of Digital Currencies Under Fuzzy Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 The Purpose of the Study
	4 Methods and Models
		4.1 Model of Trading Operations with Cryptocurrencies in a Fuzzy Setting
		4.2 The Solution of the Problem
	5 Computational Experiment
	6 Discussion of the Results of a Computational Experiment
	7 Conclusions
	References
A Comparative Analysis of the Impacts of Traditional and Digital Billing Methods
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Materials and Methods
		3.1 Data Collection Methods
		3.2 Participants
		3.3 Data Analysis
		3.4 Research Ethics
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Experimental Result and Analysis
		4.2 Discussion
		4.3 Limitations and Future Works
	5 Conclusion
	References
Chest X-ray Image Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network to Identify Tuberculosis
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 System Architecture and Design
		3.1 Dataset Description
		3.2 Data Pre-processing
		3.3 Model Architecture and Algorithms
	4 Experimental Results
		4.1 Experimental Setup
		4.2 Experimental Result
		4.3 Performance Evaluation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Digital Wireless Mini-transduce of Plant Thermoregulation
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Convolution Neural Network, Deep Learning, and Machine Learning
Effective Fault Prediction Techniques for the Green Cloud Computing Environment Applying Machine Learning to Enhance Network Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 System Architecture and Design
		3.1 Dataset Description
		3.2 Pre-processing of Data Sources
	4 Implementation and Experimental Result
		4.1 Experimental Set-Up
		4.2 Model Assessment
		4.3 Performance Analysis
		4.4 Result Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Transforming the Financial Industry Through Machine and Deep Learning Innovations
	1 Introduction
	2 ML and DL Models
	3 Literature Review
	4 Application in Finance and the Way Forward
	References
MRI-Based Brain Tumor Classification Using Various Deep Learning Convolutional Networks and CNN
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 System Architecture and Design
		3.1 Description
		3.2 Data Preprocessing
		3.3 Proposed Model
		3.4 Architecture and Design Proposed Model
	4 Model Evaluation Result
		4.1 Hypothetical Setup
		4.2 Hypothetical Result
		4.3 Confusion Matrix
		4.4 Performance Evaluation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Deciphering Handwritten Text: A Convolutional Neural Network Framework for Handwritten Character Recognition
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset Description
	4 Implementation
		4.1 Device Set-Up
		4.2 Implementation
	5 Experimental Result
	6 Conclusion
	References
Applying Machine Learning Techniques to Forecast Demand in a South African Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Company
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology and Data
		3.1 Exploratory Data Analysis
		3.2 Modeling
		3.3 Accuracy Measures
	4 Empirical Results
		4.1 Exploratory Data Analysis
		4.2 Demand Modeling
		4.3 Moving Averages
		4.4 SARIMA Model Results
		4.5 Forecasting Using ANN Model
		4.6 Model Accuracy
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Review on Machine Learning Algorithms for Cost Estimation in Construction Projects
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Cost Estimation Modelling Techniques
		1.2 Machine Learning for Cost Estimation
		1.3 Main Contribution
		1.4 Paper Organization
	2 Related Work
	3 Open Research Challenges
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Computer Assisted Detection Framework of Kidney Diseases Based on CNN Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Related Work
	4 Materials and Methods
		4.1 Dataset
		4.2 Methodological Approach and Proposed Models
		4.3 Pseudo Code
	5 Experimental Result
		5.1 Result
		5.2 Performance Evaluation
	6 Conclusion
	References
Rice Blast Disease Detection Using CNN Models and DCGAN
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset Preparation
		3.2 Data Pre-processing
		3.3 Network Architecture
	4 Experimental Result and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Evaluation of Performance of Different Machine Learning Techniques for Structural Models
	1 Introduction
	2 The Prediction Methodologies
		2.1 Support Vector Regression (SVR)
		2.2 K-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN)
		2.3 Bagging
	3 Numerical Examples
		3.1 Structural Models
		3.2 Investigation of Prediction Models
	4 Results
		4.1 Prediction Performance and Error Measurements for Training Models
		4.2 Prediction Performance and Error Measurements for Test Models
	5 Conclusion
	References
Age Estimation from Human Facial Expression Using Deep Neural Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Research
	3 Materials and Proposed Methodology
		3.1 CNN Architecture
		3.2 Attention Module
		3.3 Model Design and Tuning
	4 Result and Observation
		4.1 Dataset and Preprocessing
		4.2 Augmentation Techniques
		4.3 Performance Evaluation and Hyperparameters Tuning
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Recognition and Classification of Crop Images by Convolutional Neural Network of Hybrid Architecture
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Comparative Study of Deep Learning Algorithms and SARIMA Models for Forecasting Monthly Solar Radiation and UV Index: Case Study for Mauritius
	1 Introduction
	2 Deep Learning Algorithms
		2.1 Training of an ANN
	3 Simulation Results and Discussions
		3.1 Solar Radiation and UV Index Data
		3.2 Result Analysis for Monthly Mean Solar Radiation and UV Index
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Study on Fault Classification and Location Using Supervised Machine Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Classification of Faults
		2.1 Shunt Faults (Short Circuit Faults)
	3 Machine Learning Techniques
		3.1 Supervised Machine Learning (SML)
		3.2 Unsupervised Machine Learning (UML)
	4 Related Work
	5 Methodology
		5.1 Test System and Data Base Generation
		5.2 Algorithm
		5.3 The Flow Chart
		5.4 Results and Discussions
	6 Conclusion
	References
Deep Learning-Based Time Series Forecasting for CO2 Emission
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 The Dataset
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Data Normalization
		4.2 Sliding Window
		4.3 Deep Learning Model-1 - Long Term-Short Memory
		4.4 Deep Learning Model-2 - Convolutional Neural Network – Long Short-Term Memory
		4.5 Deep Learning Model-3 - Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) Using PyDMD
		4.6 Analysis of Models Using Performance Evaluation Metrics
	5 Results and Discussions
	6 Conclusion
	References
Manila City House Prices: A Machine Learning Analysis of the Current Market Value for Improvements
	1 Introduction
	2 Review of Related Literature
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Data Collection
		3.2 Data Preprocessing
		3.3 Model Training
		3.4 Optimization
		3.5 Model Evaluation
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
An Analysis of the Relationship Between Temperature Rise and GDP Using Machine Learning Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of Machinery for Sustainable Manufacturing Lines
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Machine Learning
		2.2 Gradient Boosting Regression
	3 Decision of Algorithm and Justification
	4 Implementation
		4.1 Predictive Model
	5 Result and Discussion
	References
Machine Learning-Based Predictive Modelling of Spot-Welding Process Parameters
	1 Introduction
	2 Machine Learning Algorithms
		2.1 Linear Regression
		2.2 Random Forest Regression
		2.3 Adaptive Boosting Regression
		2.4 SVM Regression
	3 Predictive Model Performance Evaluation Metrics
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Case Study: Spot Welding
		4.2 Effect of Process Parameters
		4.3 ML Modelling of Nugget Diameter (ND)
		4.4 ML Modelling of Nugget Height (NH)
	5 Conclusions
	References
Author Index