Integrating Disaster Science and Management: Global Case Studies in Mitigation and Recovery

Front-matter_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Science-and-Management
Copyright_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Science-and-Management
Dedication_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Science-and-Management
List-of-Contributors_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Science-and-Management
Introduction_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Science-and-Management
Chapter-1---A-Risk-Index-for-Mitigating-Earth_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Scie
	Chapter 1 - A Risk Index for Mitigating Earthquake Damage in Urban Structures
		1.1 - INTRODUCTION
		1.2 - FAULT-TREE ANALYSIS
		1.3 - METHODOLOGY
		1.4 - CASE STUDY
		1.5 - RESULTS
		1.6 - SUMMARY
		References
Chapter-2---Importance-of-Geological-Studies-_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Scie
	Chapter 2 - Importance of Geological Studies in Earthquake Hazard Assessment
		2.1 INTRODUCTION
		2.2 IDENTIFICATION OF SUSPECTED ACTIVE FAULTS
			2.2.1 Delineation of Lineaments
			2.2.2 Regional Geomorphic Analysis
			2.2.3 Geomorphic Indices
			2.2.4 Active Fault Identification in Peninsular India
		2.3 READING PAST SEISMIC EVENTS FROM GEOLOGICAL RECORDS
			2.3.1 Timing of the Events
		2.4. ON FAULT STUDIES
			2.4.1 Studies from Sedimentary Terrains
			2.4.2 Studies in the Central Seismic Gap of the Himalayas
			2.4.3 Fault Studies from Crystalline Rocks
			2.4.4 Studies in Desamangalam Fault
		2.5 OFF FAULT FEATURES
			2.5.1 Liquefaction and Related Soft Sedimentary Deformations
			2.5.2 Studies in Gangetic Plains
		2.6 LOCAL SITE CONDITIONS
			2.6.1 Chandigarh Microzonation Studies
		2.7 SUMMARY
		References
Chapter-3---Assessment-of-Soil-Liquefaction-Based-o_2018_Integrating-Disaste
	Chapter 3 - Assessment of Soil Liquefaction Based on Capacity Energy Concept and Back-Propagation Neural Networks
		3.1 - INTRODUCTION
		3.2 - BPNN METHODOLOGY
		3.3 - EVALUATION CRITERIA
		3.4 - DEVELOPMENT OF CAPACITY ENERGY MODEL USING BPNN
			3.4.1 - The Database
			3.4.2 - BPNN Model Results
			3.4.3 - Parameter Relative Importance
			3.4.4 - Easy-to-Interpret ANN Model
		3.5 - PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS
		3.6 - SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
		Appendix A - Procedures for Partitioning of ANN Weights for Log(W) Model
		Appendix B - Calculation of ANN output Log(W) model
		Acknowledgments
		References
Chapter-4---Recent-Earthquakes-and-Volcanic-Ac_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Sci
	Chapter 4 - Recent Earthquakes and Volcanic Activities in Kyushu Island, Japan
		4.1 - INTRODUCTION
		4.2 - RECENT EARTHQUAKES IN KYUSHU ISLAND, SOUTHWESTERN JAPAN
			4.2.1 - The 2005 West Off Fukuoka Prefecture Earthquake
			4.2.2 - The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake
		4.3 - VOLCANOES IN KYUSHU ISLAND
			4.3.1 - Unzen Volcano
			4.3.2 - Kuju Volcano
			4.3.3 - Monitoring and Studying Activity of Volcanoes
		4.4 - DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION IN JAPAN
		4.5 - CONCLUSIONS
		References
Chapter-5---Winter-Storms_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Science-and-Management
	Chapter 5 - Winter Storms
		5.1 - OVERVIEW
		5.2 - THE SIGNIFICANCE OF WINTER STORMS
		5.3 - FORMATION MECHANISM AND PROPERTIES OF WINTER STORMS
		5.4 - MITIGATION
			5.4.1 - Risk Management
			5.4.2 - Mitigation
				5.4.2.1 - Structured Mitigation
				5.4.2.2 - Unstructured Mitigation
			5.4.3 - Insurance
		5.5 - Recovery
			5.5.1 - Planning
			5.5.2 - Public Information and Warning
			5.5.3 - Operational Coordination
			5.5.4 - Economic Recovery
			5.5.5 - Health and Social Services
			5.5.6 - Housing
			5.5.7 - Infrastructure Systems
			5.5.8 - Natural and Cultural Resources
		5.6 - WINTER STORMS AND PUBLIC HEALTH OPERATION: MITIGATION AND RECOVERY
		References
Chapter-6---Spatial-Association-Between-Forest-Fires-_2018_Integrating-Disas
	Chapter 6 - Spatial Association Between Forest Fires Incidence and Socioeconomic Vulnerability in Portugal, at Municipal Level
		6.1 - INTRODUCTION
		6.2 - MATERIALS AND METHODS
			6.2.1 - Study Area
			6.2.2 - Data Collection
			6.2.3 - Model
		6.3 - RESULTS
			6.3.1 - Burned Area Per Municipality
			6.3.2 - Association Between Socioeconomic Variables and Burnt Area
		6.4 - DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
		ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
		References
		Further Reading
Chapter-7---Landslide-Risk-Assessment-in-Parts_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Sci
	Chapter 7 - Landslide Risk Assessment in Parts of the Darjeeling Himalayas, India
		7.1 - Introduction
		7.2 - Study Area
		7.3 - Materials and Methods
			7.3.1 - Landslide Susceptibility and Hazard Assessment
			7.3.2 - Landslide Risk Assessment
		7.4 - Results and Discussion
			7.4.1 - Risk to Buildings and Population
			7.4.2 - Risk to Roads
		7.5 - Conclusions
		Acknowledgments
		References
Chapter-8---Forest-and-Land-Fires-in-Indonesi_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Scie
	Chapter 8 - Forest and Land Fires in Indonesia: Assessment and Mitigation
		8.1 - FOREST AND LAND FIRES IN INDONESIA
		8.2 - INDONESIAN PEATLAND AT A GLANCE
		8.3 - IMPACTS OF FOREST AND LAND FIRES IN INDONESIA
		8.4 - FIRE ASSESSMENT
		8.5 - FIRE MITIGATION
			8.5.1 - Forest- and Land Fire-related Policies
			8.5.2 - Integrated Forest and Land Fires Prevention Patrols
			8.5.3 - Good practices in forest and land fires mitigation
		References
Chapter-9---Lessons-From-Tsunami-Recovery-Toward_2018_Integrating-Disaster-S
	Chapter 9 - Lessons From Tsunami Recovery Towards Guidelines of Housing Provision in Malaysia
		9.1 - INTRODUCTION
		9.2 - THE URGENCY OF POSTDISASTER HOUSING PROVISION AFTER THE 2004 TSUNAMI IN MALAYSIA
		9.3 - ISSUES WITH THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE RECONSTRUCTION PROCESS
			9.3.1 - Postdisaster Housing
		9.4 - CONFLICT IN THE DISASTER RECOVERY PROCESS OF HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION
			9.4.1 - Dilemma in Assistance to Postdisaster Housing
			9.4.2 - Relief Coordination
			9.4.3 - Postdisaster Housing Financing Models
		9.5 - REVIEWS OF INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES IN SHELTER/HOUSING SECTOR
			9.5.1 - General Guiding Principles
		9.6 - CHALLENGES OF POLICY IMPLEMENTATION
		9.7 - GOVERNMENT POLICY ON POSTDISASTER HOUSING PROVISION IN MALAYSIA
			9.7.1 - Posttsunami Housing Reconstruction in Malaysia
		9.8 - THE NEED FOR NEW NATIONAL HOUSING DISASTER STRATEGIES
		9.9 - LESSONS LEARNED
			9.9.1 - Sustainable Reconstruction Planning in Sphere Standards (Sphere Project, 2011)
			9.9.2 - Learning from Tohoku Japan Reconstruction Program Allocation (System of Special Zone for Reconstruction)
			9.9.3 - Provisional Guidelines of Postdisaster Permanent Housing
		9.10 - CONCLUSION
		References
		Further Reading
Chapter-10---Drought-Prediction-With-Standardized-Pre_2018_Integrating-Disas
	Chapter 10 - Drought Prediction With Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index and Support Vector Regression ...
		10.1 - INTRODUCTION
		10.2 - THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
			10.2.1 - Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index
			10.2.2 - Support Vector Regression
		10.3 - MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY
			10.3.1 - Study Area and SVR Input Data
			10.3.2 - Statistical Evaluation of SVR Model Performance
		10.4 - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
		10.5 - CONCLUSION
		Acknowledgments
		References
		Further Reading
Chapter-11---Earthquake-Risk-Reduction-E_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Science-a
	Chapter 11 - Earthquake Risk Reduction Efforts in Nepal
		11.1 - INTRODUCTION
		11.2 - NEPAL’S SEISMICITY AND PREVIOUS EARTHQUAKES
			11.2.1 - Location and Seismic Risk
			11.2.2 - Major Earthquakes Pre-2015
			11.2.3 - 2015 Earthquake
		11.3 - FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO NEPAL’S EARTHQUAKE VULNERABILITY
			11.3.1 - Inadequate Building Materials
			11.3.2 - Poor Construction and Compliance
			11.3.3 - Increased Use of Marginal Land
			11.3.4 - Limited Appreciation of Seismic Risk
			11.3.5 - Poor Social Indicators
			11.3.6 - Limited Training and Knowledge Transfer
		11.4 - GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DRM
			11.4.1 - International Strategies and the Nepali Response
			11.4.2 - National Legislative Framework and Policies
				11.4.2.1 - National Calamity (Relief) Act of 1982
				11.4.2.2 - Relevant Acts and Codes
				11.4.2.3 - 1996 National Action Plan on Disaster Management
				11.4.2.4 - 2000s: Relevant National Development Plans
				11.4.2.5 - 2009: National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management
				11.4.2.6 - 2011: Nepal Risk Reduction Consortium
		11.5 - EFFORTS TO REDUCE EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RISK
			11.5.1 - Kathmandu Valley Earthquake Risk Management Project
			11.5.2 - Awareness Raising Activities
			11.5.3 - School Earthquake Safety Program
			11.5.4 - Hospital Safety Improvements
			11.5.5 - Human Resource Development
				11.5.5.1 - Professional Training
				11.5.5.2 - Craftsperson Training
				11.5.5.3 - Postearthquake Response Training
			11.5.6 - Upgrading and Strengthening the Seismological Network
		11.6 - OBSERVED CHANGES
			11.6.1 - Greater Appreciation of Seismic Risk
			11.6.2 - Guidelines for Building Assessment and Retrofit
			11.6.3 - Improved Construction Practices
			11.6.4 - Observations Following the 2015 Nepal Earthquake Sequence
				11.6.4.1 - Search and Rescue Contribution
				11.6.4.2 - Postearthquake Rapid Visual Assessments
				11.6.4.3 - Resilience of Health Facilities in the Kathmandu Valley
				11.6.4.4 - Overall Greater Seismic Resilience
				11.6.4.5 - Postearthquake Reconstruction
		11.7 - ONGOING ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
		11.8 - RECOMMENDATIONS
		11.9 - CONCLUDING REMARKS
		Acknowledgments
		References
Chapter-12---Urban-Flood-Management-in-Coastal-Regi_2018_Integrating-Disaste
	Chapter 12 - Urban Flood Management in Coastal Regions Using Numerical Simulation and Geographic Information System
		12.1 - INTRODUCTION
		12.2 - COASTAL URBAN FLOOD PROBLEMS
		12.3 - INTEGRATED URBAN FLOOD SIMULATION
		12.4 - URBAN FLOOD SIMULATION MODELS
		12.5 - FLOOD SIMULATION USING IFAM
		12.6 - FLOOD SIMULATION USING HEC-HMS AND HEC-RAS
		12.7 - CASE STUDIES
			12.7.1 - Case Study 1: Vashi Coastal Urban Catchment
				12.7.1.1 - Results and Discussion
			12.7.2 - Case Study 2: Dahisar River Urban Catchment
				12.7.2.1 - Results and Discussion
		12.8 - CONCLUDING REMARKS
		Acknowledgments
		References
Chapter-13---Probabilistic-Analysis-Applied-to-Roc_2018_Integrating-Disaster
	Chapter 13 - Probabilistic Analysis Applied to Rock Slope Stability: A Case Study From Northeast Turkey
		13.1 - INTRODUCTION
		13.2 - BACKGROUND
			13.2.1 - The Category of the Rock Slope Stability Analysis
			13.2.2 - Deterministic Analysis
			13.2.3 - Uncertainty in the Estimating Rock Slope Stability
			13.2.4 - Probabilistic Methods
				13.2.4.1 - Basic Terms
				13.2.4.2 - Monte Carlo Analysis and Latin Hypercube Sampling
				13.2.4.3 - The Point Estimate Method
				13.2.4.4 - FOSM and SOSM Methods
				13.2.4.5 - First-Order Reliability Method
				13.2.4.6 - Response Surface Method
				13.2.4.7 - Robustness Methods
			13.2.5 - Rock Mass Classification Systems Applied to Slope Stability
			13.2.6 - Conventional Methods of the Rock Slope Stability Analysis
			13.2.7 - Numerical Methods
			13.2.8 - Soft Computing Methods Applied in Slope Stability
		13.3 - BACK-ANALYSIS
		13.4 - A CASE STUDY: PROBABILISTIC STABILITY ANALYSIS OF ARAKLI-TASONU LANDSLIDES, NE TURKEY
			13.4.1 Description of the Study Area
			13.4.2 Geological Setting
			13.4.3 Description and Mechanism of the Arakli-Tasonu Landslides
			13.4.4 Laboratory Testing
			13.4.5 Deterministic Back-Analysis
			13.4.6 Probabilistic Back-Analysis
			13.4.7 Probabilistic Stability Analyses for the New Rock Slope Formed the Said Landslides
		13.5 - CONCLUSION
		References
Chapter-14---Civic-Fire-Control-System-for-Historic-District-_2018_Integrati
	Chapter 14 - Civic Fire Control System for Historic District in Kiyomizu, Kyoto—Development Project and Its Techniques for ...
		14.1 - CHARACTERISTICS OF WOODEN CULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL VALUE
		14.2 - CONCEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR FIRE DISASTER PREVENTION
		14.3 - COMPOSITION AND OVERVIEW OF THIS MANUSCRIPT
		14.4 - CASE RESEARCH OF DISASTER MITIGATION WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM USING NATURAL WATER SOURCES AND IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS OF M...
			14.4.1 - District Overview
			14.4.2 - Overview of Existing Disaster Mitigation Water Supply System
				14.4.2.1 - Fire Protection System Created by Utilizing Agricultural Water and the Height Difference in Shirakawa Township
				14.4.2.2 - Fire Protection System with Revival of Irrigation Canals and Utilization of Wells for Snow Removal in Kanazawa City
			14.4.3 - Background Leading to the Development and Maintenance of Disaster Mitigation Water Supply System
				14.4.3.1 - Geographical Background
				14.4.3.2 - Causes Triggering Maintenance
			14.4.4 - Process for Development Project
				14.4.4.1 - Development Planning
				14.4.4.2 - Budget Securing and Utilization of the System
				14.4.4.3 - Implementation of Development Project
				14.4.4.4 - Disaster Mitigation Activities and Operations after Development
		14.5 - PROPOSAL FOR DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES IN CASE STUDY AREAS
			14.5.1 - Performance that Needs to be Met by Disaster Mitigation Water Supply System
			14.5.2 - Proposal for Basic Plan in Kiyomizu Area
				14.5.2.1 - Characteristics of Target Area
				14.5.2.2 - Basic Plans Pertaining to the Development of EWSS for Disaster Mitigation
			14.5.3 - Recommendations for Project Development Policies Pertaining to the Plan
				14.5.3.1 - Budget Securing and System Utilization Policy
				14.5.3.2 - Maintenance Project Implementation Organization
				14.5.3.3 - Postdevelopment Operation Policy
		14.6 - SUMMARY AND PROSPECTS
		Acknowledgment
		References
Chapter-15---Systematic-Engineering-Approach_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Scien
	Chapter 15 - Systematic Engineering Approaches for Ensuring Safe Roads
		15.1 - ROAD CRASH DISASTER—WORLDWIDE SCENARIO
		15.2 - FACTORS THAT MAKE DRIVING ON ROADS UNSAFE
		15.3 - QUANTIFYING AND ASSESSING SAFETY SCENARIO OF ROADS
			15.3.1 - Proactive Road Safety Assessment
			15.3.2 - Reactive Road Safety Assessment
		15.4 - SYSTEMATICALLY ENGINEERING APPROACH TO ENSURE SAFE ROADS
		15.5 - SUMMARY AND HIGHLIGHTS
		References
		Further Reading
Chapter-16---Big-Data-Analytics-and-Social-M_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Scien
	Chapter 16 - Big Data Analytics and Social Media in Disaster Management
		16.1 - INTRODUCTION
		16.2 - SOCIAL MEDIA
			16.2.1 - Types of SM
		16.3 - NATURAL DISASTERS AND SM
		16.4 - BIG DATA AND BIG DATA ANALYTICS
		16.5 - THE BIG DATA IN SM
			16.5.1 - Examples of Data Mining Software
		16.6 - DATA MINING OF SM FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
			16.6.1 - Mitigation Phase
			16.6.2 - Preparedness Phase
			16.6.3 - Response Phase
			16.6.4 - Recovery Phase
		16.7 - CASE STUDIES IN BIG DATA IN EMERGENCY DISASTER MANAGEMENT
			16.7.1 - Case 1: Chennai Floods in India, 2015
			16.7.2 - Case 2: Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami, 2011
			16.7.3 - Case 3: Typhoon Morakot, 2009
		16.8 - BIG DATA ANALYTICS CHALLENGES IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT
		16.9 - SUMMARY
		Acknowledgments
		References
		Further Reading
Chapter-17---Risk-Assessment-and-Reduction-Measures-in-_2018_Integrating-Dis
	Chapter 17 - Risk Assessment and Reduction Measures in Landslide and Flash Flood-Prone Areas: A Case of Southern Thailand (...
		17.1 - INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF STUDY AREA
			17.1.1 - Climate and Overview of Rainfall
		17.2 - HAZARDS, VULNERABILITY, AND RISK OF NAKHON SI THAMMARAT
		17.3 - DATA COLLECTION METHOD AND TOOLS
			17.3.1 - Key Informant Selection
		17.4 - RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK REDUCTION MEASURES
			17.4.1 - The Elevation Profile of Thepparat Subdistrict
			17.4.2 - The Analysis of Settlement Areas for Flash Flood Exposure
		17.5 - MITIGATION STRATEGIES FOR LANDSLIDE AND FLASH FLOODS IN COMMUNITY LEVEL
		17.6 - DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MEASURES FOR LANDSLIDE-PRONE COMMUNITY
			17.6.1 - Coordination for Emergency Response
			17.6.2 - Increasing the Capacity of Volunteers
		17.7 - DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MEASURES FOR FLASH FLOOD-PRONE COMMUNITY
			17.7.1 - Early Warning System
			17.7.2 - Community-Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM)
			17.7.3 - Public Awareness Generation
		17.8 - ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
			17.8.1 - An Analysis of Cluster Village Zone of Landslide and Flash Flood Risks
		17.9 - CONCLUSION
		Acknowledgments
		References
		Further Reading
Chapter-18---Advancements-in-Understanding-the-Radon-S_2018_Integrating-Disa
	Chapter 18 - Advancements in Understanding the Radon Signal in Volcanic Areas: A Laboratory Approach Based on Rock Physicoc...
		18.1 - RADON THEORY AND APPLICATIONS
		18.2 - RADON MONITORING IN TECTONIC AND VOLCANIC ENVIRONMENTS
		18.3 - RADON SIGNAL AND DEFORMATION EXPERIMENTS
		18.4 - RADON SIGNAL AND THERMAL EXPERIMENTS
		ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
		References
		Further Reading
Chapter-19---GIS-Based-Macrolevel-Landslide-Haza_2018_Integrating-Disaster-S
	Chapter 19 - GIS Based Macrolevel Landslide Hazard Zonation Using , Newmark’s Methodology
		19.1 - INTRODUCTION
		19.2 - LANDSLIDE HAZARD ANALYSIS AND MAPPING
		19.3 - SEISMIC LANDSLIDE HAZARD ANALYSIS AT MACROLEVEL
			19.3.1 - Seismic Hazard Analysis
			19.3.2 - Development of Slope Map
			19.3.3 - Landslide Hazard Map
		19.4 - INTEGRATED LANDSLIDE HAZARD ANALYSIS
		19.5 - CONCLUSIONS
		References
Chapter-20---What-Behaviors-We-Think-We-Do-When-a-Di_2018_Integrating-Disast
	Chapter 20 - What Behaviors We Think We Do When a Disaster Strikes: Misconceptions and Realities of Human Disaster Behavior
		20.1 - INTRODUCTION
		20.2 - MISCONCEPTIONS AND REALITIES OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN DISASTERS
			20.2.1 - Panic in a Disaster
				20.2.1.1 - Definition of Disaster Panic
				20.2.1.2 - Human Behavior in Past Emergency Situations
			20.2.2 - Increased Crime in Disaster-Affected Areas
				20.2.2.1 - Looting After a Disaster
				20.2.2.2 - Other Criminal Acts in Postdisaster Situations
			20.2.3 - Donating Behavior in Postdisaster Situations
				20.2.3.1 - Chaos Created by Relief Materials
				20.2.3.2 - Reluctance to Donate Money
		20.3 - IMPACTS OF THE DISASTER MYTHS ON DISASTER RESPONSE AND MANAGEMENT
		20.4 - WHAT GIVES RISE TO DISASTER MYTHS?
			20.4.1 - Effects of Mass Media and Popular Culture on Disaster Myths
			20.4.2 - Psychological Mechanisms Behind Disaster Myths
		20.5 - CONCLUSION
		References
Chapter-21---A-Quantitative-Study-of-Social-Capital-in-th_2018_Integrating-D
	Chapter 21 - A Quantitative Study of Social Capital in the Tertiary Sector of Kobe—Has Social Capital Promoted Economic Reconstruction S...
		21.1 - INTRODUCTION
		21.2 - HAS KOBE RECOVERED AND BEEN RECONSTRUCTED?
		21.3 - LITERATURE REVIEW
		21.4 - TESTABLE HYPOTHESIS
		21.5 - METHODOLOGY
		21.6 - DATA
		21.7 - ESTIMATION RESULTS
		21.8 - CONCLUSIONS
		References
		Further Reading
Chapter-22---Resilience-and-Vulnerability--Old_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Sci
	Chapter 22 - Resilience and Vulnerability: Older Adults and the Brisbane Floods
		22.1 - OLDER ADULTS’ DISASTER EXPERIENCE
		22.2 - THE DISASTER LIFECYCLE, VULNERABILITY, AND RESILIENCE
		22.3 - APPLYING A LIFECYCLE, TEMPORAL AND POETIC LENS TO THE DISASTER EXPERIENCE
		22.4 - THE CASE STUDY: THE 2011 AND 2013 BRISBANE FLOODS
		22.5 - PROJECT OVERVIEW
		22.6 - A POETIC APPROACH TO THE CHANGING DISASTER LIFECYCLE (1974–2011/2013)
			22.6.1 - Phase 1: Preparation
			22.6.2 - Phase 2: Response
			22.6.3 - Phase 3: Recovery
			22.6.4 - Phase 4: Mitigation
		22.7 - LEARNING FROM OLDER AUSTRALIANS’ FLOOD EXPERIENCE
		References
		Further Reading
Chapter-23---Postdisaster-Relief-Distribution-Network_2018_Integrating-Disas
	Chapter 23 - Postdisaster Relief Distribution Network Design Under Disruption Risk: A Tour Covering Location-Routing Approach
		23.1 - INTRODUCTION
		23.2 - RISK MEASURE
		23.3 - PROBLEM DESCRIPTION AND MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION
			23.3.1 - Modeling Framework
			23.3.2 - Mathematical Modeling
				23.3.2.1 - Sets
				23.3.2.2 - Parameters
				23.3.2.3 - Decision Variables
				23.3.2.4 - Auxiliary Variables
				23.3.2.5 - Linearization Variables
				23.3.2.6 - Disruption Terms of the Objective Function
				23.3.2.7 - Model Formulation
			23.3.3 - Linearization Procedure
			23.3.4 - Conditional Value-at-Risk
		23.4 - META-HEURISTIC ALGORITHM
			23.4.1 - Solution Representation
		23.5 - COMPUTATIONAL RESULTS
		23.6 - CONCLUSION
		References
		Further Reading
Chapter-24---Climate-Change-and-Typhoons-in-the-Ph_2018_Integrating-Disaster
	Chapter 24 - Climate Change and Typhoons in the Philippines: Extreme Weather Events in the Anthropocene
		24.1 - INTRODUCTION: SUPER TYPHOON HAIYAN 8 NOVEMBER 2013
		24.2 - TYPHOONS: EXTREME TROPICAL STORMS
		24.3 - TYPHOONS AND THE PHILIPPINES
		24.4 - CLIMATE CHANGE AND TYPHOONS
			24.4.1 - What is Climate Change?
			24.4.2 - Climate Change: An Undisputed Observation
			24.4.3 - Climate Change and Stronger Typhoons
			24.4.4 - Climate Change and Wetter Typhoons
			24.4.5 - How Typhoons Track Differently and Move Faster
			24.4.6 - Typhoons and Sea Level Rise
		24.5 - THE PHILIPPINES AND STRONGER TYPHOONS
			24.5.1 - The Vulnerability of the Filipino People to Stronger Typhoons
			24.5.2 - Synergies Between Stronger Typhoons and Other Types of Environmental Degradation
				24.5.2.1 - Coral Reef Loss
				24.5.2.2 - Mangrove Loss
				24.5.2.3 - Land Subsidence Due to Groundwater Withdrawal
				24.5.2.4 - Deforestation
		24.6 - CONCLUDING DISCUSSION
		References
Chapter-25---The-Role-of-Disaster-Medicine-in-_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Sci
	Chapter 25 - The Role of Disaster Medicine in Disaster Management and Preparedness
		25.1 - INTRODUCTION
		25.2 - DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
		25.3 - HEALTH AND DISASTERS
			25.3.1 - Objectives of Health Services in Disaster Preparedness
		25.4 - ROLE OF DM IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND PREPAREDNESS
			25.4.1 - History of DM
			25.4.2 - What is DM?
			25.4.3 - Characteristics of DM
		25.5 - EMS IN DISASTERS
			25.6 - HOSPITAL IN DISASTERS
		25.7 - PUBLIC HEALTH IN DISASTERS
			25.8 - Future and DM
		References
Chapter-26---Earthquake-Triggered-Landslide-Modeling-a_2018_Integrating-Disa
	Chapter 26 - Earthquake-Triggered Landslide Modeling and Deformation Analysis Related to 2005 Kashmir Earthquake Using Sate...
		26.1 - INTRODUCTION
			26.1.1 - 2008 Kashmir Earthquake 7.6 Mw
		26.2 - STUDY AREA AND SEISMOTECTONIC SETTING OF THE REGION
		26.3 - SATELLITE IMAGE PROCESSING
		26.4 - CAUSATIVE FAULT MAPPING
		26.5 - LANDSLIDES MAPPING
			26.5.1 - Landslide Distribution
			26.5.2 - Influence of Lithology on Landslides
			26.5.3 - Relation of Slope Gradient, Slope Aspect, and Curvature With Landslides
			26.5.4 - Probability Density Function (PDF) for Landslide Distribution
				26.5.4.1 - Landslide Magnitude Scale
				26.5.4.2 - Incomplete Landslide Inventory
				26.5.4.3 - Correlation Between Earthquake and Landslide Magnitude
		26.6 - DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
		Acknowledgments
		References
Chapter-27---Spatiotemporal-Variability-of-Soil-Mois_2018_Integrating-Disast
	Chapter 27 - Spatiotemporal Variability of Soil Moisture and Drought Estimation Using a Distributed Hydrological Model
		27.1 - INTRODUCTION
		27.2 - TYPES OF DROUGHT AND THEIR ESTIMATION
		27.3 - NEED FOR AGRICULTURAL DROUGHT ESTIMATION
		27.4 - METHODS FOR AGRICULTURAL DROUGHT ESTIMATION
			27.4.1 - Agricultural Drought through Remote-Sensing Techniques
				27.4.1.1 - Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
				27.4.1.2 - Vegetation Condition Index
				27.4.1.3 - Temperature Condition Index
				27.4.1.4 - Vegetation Health Index
			27.4.2 - Agricultural Drought through Hydrological Cycle Modeling
		27.5 - SOIL MOISTURE VARIABILITY AS A MEASURE OF AGRICULTURAL DROUGHT
		27.6 - SOIL MOISTURE ESTIMATION
			27.6.1 - Field Techniques
			27.6.2 - Hydrological Models
		27.7 - AGRICULTURAL DROUGHT ESTIMATION—A CASE STUDY OF KALPATHY WATERSHED
			27.7.1 - Study Area
			27.7.2 - Model Setup
			27.7.3 - Spatiotemporal Soil Moisture
			27.7.4 - Standardized Soil Moisture Index (SSMI)
		27.8 - CONCLUSIONS
		Acknowledgments
		References
Index_2018_Integrating-Disaster-Science-and-Management