Intangible Assets, Productivity and Economic Growth: Micro, Meso and Macro Perspectives

Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
List of figures
List of tables
List of contributors
Chapter 1: Introduction: Setting the stage, linking intangible assets to productivity
	1.1 Introduction
		1.1.1 Need for data and measurement
		1.1.2 Analyzing the relation between intangibles and productivity
		1.1.3 Intangibles and policy
	1.2 Overview of the book
		1.2.1 Setting the stage – reviewing existing work on intangibles and productivity
		1.2.2 Exploring the role of intangibles investments at the firm level
		1.2.3 Large-scale survey of intangibles investments
		1.2.4 The role of ICT
		1.2.5 Global value chains and knowledge flows
	Note
	References
Chapter 2: The productivity puzzle in the context of (new) growth determinants
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Recent trends in productivity
	2.3 Productivity determinants
		2.3.1 Institutions and productivity growth
		2.3.2 Macroeconomic environment
		2.3.3 International trade, exchange rates, FDI, and productivity
		2.3.4 Technological environment, technological catch-up, and firm-level productivity
		2.3.5 Capital, capital structure, and resource allocation
		2.3.6 Labour and human capital
		2.3.7 Ageing
		2.3.8 Intangible capital
		2.3.9 Other factors
	2.4 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 3: Intangibles and their contribution to productivity: An overview
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Labor productivity growth over time
	3.3 Measurement and analysis of intangibles at the country level
	3.4 Industry-level measurement and analysis
	3.5 Firm-level measurement and analysis
		3.5.1 Treatment of intangible assets in accounting standards
		3.5.2 Survey-based measurement of expenditures
		3.5.3 Measurement based on firm balance-sheet data
		3.5.4 Occupation- or task-based approach
	3.6 Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Chapter 4: Intangible Capital and Labor Productivity Growth Revisited
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Theoretical Background and Measuring Intangibles
	4.3 Cross-Country Sectoral Evidence
	4.4 Model Specification, Research Design, and Data
		4.4.1 Model Specification
		4.4.2 Research Design
		4.4.3 Data
	4.5 Descriptive Analysis
	4.6 Econometric Analysis
	4.7 Conclusions and Outlook
	Notes
	References
Chapter 5: Intangibles: A Challenge to Policy Decision Makers
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Definitions, Dimensions, and Characteristics: Rationale for Policies for Intangibles
		5.2.1 Intangibles: An Overview
		5.2.2 Characteristics of Intangibles
	5.3 Why Policies for Intangibles?
	5.4 The Policy Dilemma
	5.5 Conclusion
		5.5.1 The Current Role of Policy
		5.5.2 Further Development of Adequate Policies and Institutions
		5.5.3 Need for Further Analysis
	Note
	References
Chapter 6: Intangible Assets and Productivity: An Occupation-Based Approach
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Measurement of Intangible Capital
		6.2.1 Measuring Intangible Investments: An Occupation-Based Approach
	6.3 Descriptive Statistics
	6.4 Estimating Intangible-Work-BiasedTechnological Change
	6.5 Performance-BasedMeasure of Intangible Assets
	6.6 Conclusion
	Appendix 6.A. Industries by technology type and summaries
	Notes
	References
Chapter 7: Gender and age productivity–wage gaps in innovative work
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Age–productivity–wage nexus
	7.3 Gender–productivity–wage nexus
	7.4 Methodological framework
	7.5 Data
	7.6 Results
		7.6.1 Age-relatedwage differential
		7.6.2 Gender-relatedwage differential
		7.6.3 Age-relatedproductivity differential
		7.6.4 Age-relatedproductivity–wage differential
	7.7 Discussion and conclusion
	Appendix
	References
Chapter 8: Intangible assets investments in Europe: Findings from the Globalinto large-scale business survey
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 The survey methodology
		8.2.1 Questionnaire development
		8.2.2 Preparation of the survey
		8.2.3 Implementation of the survey
	8.3 Main results
		8.3.1 An overview of enterprise spending on intangible assets
		8.3.2 Factors influencing investments in intangible assets
			8.3.2.1 Strategic priorities
			8.3.2.2 Human resources
			8.3.2.3 Design use
			8.3.2.4 Digital capabilities and digital platforms
		8.3.3 Innovation performance
		8.3.4 The impact of the Covid-19 crisis
	8.4 Key messages and policy implications
	Notes
	References
Chapter 9: Organizational capital, allocation of intangibles, and firm performance: Evidence from the Globalinto intangible survey
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 OC and capabilities
	9.3 Data and methods
		9.3.1 Independent variables
		9.3.2 Measures of firm performance
	9.4 Results
	9.5 Conclusion
	Appendix 9.A. Survey questions not shown in Section 3.1 on data
	Notes
	References
Chapter 10: Intangible-driven productivity growth: The role of ICT capital and effective labour
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Econometric model
		10.2.1 The production function
		10.2.2 Interaction effects
	10.3 Data and variable description
		10.3.1 Data sources
		10.3.2 Variable description
		10.3.3 Sample and descriptive statistics
	10.4 Estimation results
	10.5 Conclusion
	Appendix 10.A.Robustness checks
	Notes
	References
Chapter 11: ICT externalities: Measurement issues and their effects on output growth
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 ICT externalities: measurement issues and their effects on output growth
		11.2.1 An ICT model to evaluate ICT externalities
		11.2.2 Measuring ICT externalities
		11.2.3 Accounting for complementary intangibles
	11.3 ICT externalities and growth: an empirical assessment
		11.3.1 Data and empirical model
		11.3.2 Estimation results
	11.4 Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Chapter 12: Mapping the flow of intangibles in domestic and global value chains
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Quantifying intangible assets
	12.3 Theoretical foundations and characteristics of the GLOBALINTO I-O Intangibles Database
		12.3.1 A novel conceptual framework
		12.3.2 The database
			12.3.2.1 Inputs side
			12.3.2.2 Outputs side
	12.4 Descriptive statistics and case studies
		12.4.1 Case Study 1: Intensity of intangibles at a global scale
		12.4.2 Case study 2: The evolution of intangibles intensity across different global regions
		12.4.3 Case study 3: Tracking trade in intangibles in the Euro Area
		12.4.4 Case study 4: Intangible inputs in European, American, and Eastern Asian manufacturing sectors
	12.5 Conclusions and extensions for future research
	Acknowledgements
	Appendix 12.A
	Appendix 12.B
	Notes
	References
Chapter 13: The role of intangibles and global value chains for productivity: Evidence from the EU
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Intangibles, GVC participation, and labor productivity: an overview of the literature
	13.3 A new approach to the quantification of intangibles
	13.4 Methodology
		13.4.1 Summary and data sources
		13.4.2 Model specification
		13.4.3 Description of variables
			13.4.3.1 Intangibles intensity
			13.4.3.2 Participation in GVCs
	13.5 Results and discussion
		13.5.1 Descriptive analysis
		13.5.2 Econometric results
	13.6 Conclusions and policy remarks
	Notes
	References
Chapter 14: Promoting intangible investments and productivity: The role of policy
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Policy implications
		14.2.1 Broad conceptualization and measurement of intangibles
		14.2.2 The treatment of intangibles in national accounting frameworks
		14.2.3 Funding investments in intangibles
		14.2.4 Human capital, education, and training
		14.2.5 Knowledge sourcing and appropriation of intangibles investments
		14.2.6 ICT investments – complementarities and externalities
		14.2.7 Global value chains
	14.3 Challenges in managing intangibles at the firm level
	14.4 Conclusion
	References
Index