Instructed Second Language Pragmatics for The Speech Acts of Request, Apology, and Refusal: A Meta-Analysis (Second Language Learning and Teaching)

Preface
	References
Contents
1 Overview of the Theoretical Frameworks
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Instructed Second Language Acquisition
	1.3 Models of Communicative Competence and Pragmatics
	1.4 Defining Pragmatics and Interlanguage Pragmatics
	1.5 Cognitive Approaches in L2 Pragmatic Research
	1.6 Consciousness-Raising Hypothesis
	1.7 Noticing Hypothesis
	1.8 Speech Acts
		1.8.1 Request
		1.8.2 Apology
		1.8.3 Refusal
	1.9 Meta-Analysis
	References
2 Review of Previous Research
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Recent Studies on the Instruction of the Speech Acts of Request, Apology, and Refusal
	2.3 Previous Reviews and Meta-Analyses in L2 Pragmatic
	2.4 Conclusion
	References
3 Methodology
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Research Questions
	3.3 Research Design
	3.4 Study Identification and Retrieval
	3.5 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
	3.6 Effect Size Calculation
	3.7 Coding of Moderator Variables
	3.8 Missing Data
	3.9 Reliability
	3.10 Publication Bias
	References
4 Results
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Description of the Included Corpus
		4.2.1 Effect Size Frequency for the Speech Act Variable
		4.2.2 Effect Size Frequency for the Outcome Measure Variable
		4.2.3 Effect Size Frequency for Treatment Type Variable
		4.2.4 Effect Size Frequency for the Psycholinguistic Feature Variable
		4.2.5 Effect Size Frequency for the Age Variable
		4.2.6 Effect Size Frequency for the Gender Variable
		4.2.7 Effect Size Frequency for the Proficiency Level Variable
		4.2.8 Effect Size Frequency for the Design Variable
	4.3 Overall Effectiveness of L2 Pragmatic Instruction
		4.3.1 Main Results
		4.3.2 Publication Bias
	4.4 Overall Effectiveness of L2 Pragmatic Instruction on the Speech Act of Apology
		4.4.1 Main Results for the Effectiveness of Instruction Focused on Apology
		4.4.2 Publication Bias
	4.5 Overall Effectiveness of L2 Pragmatic Instruction on the Speech Act of Refusal
		4.5.1 Main Results for the Effectiveness of Instruction Focused on Refusals
		4.5.2 Publication Bias
	4.6 Overall Effectiveness of L2 Pragmatic Instruction on the Speech Act of Request
		4.6.1 Main Results of the Effectiveness of Instruction Focused on Request
		4.6.2 Publication Bias
	4.7 Moderating Effects of L2 Pragmatic Instruction
		4.7.1 Demographic Features
		4.7.2 Design-Related Features
	References
5 Discussion
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Research Question 1: What is the Overall Effectiveness of the Instruction of L2 Pragmatics, Particularly the Speech Acts of Request, Apology, and Refusal?
	5.3 Research Question 2: What are the Variables Which Moderate the Effectiveness of L2 Pragmatic Instruction, Especially the Speech Acts of Request, Apology, and Refusal?
	References
6 Conclusions, Limitations, Pedagogical Implications, and Directions for Future Research
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Limitations
	6.3 Implications
	6.4 Directions for Future Research
	6.5 Conclusions
	References
Appendix Results for All Studies Included