Input-based Phonological Acquisition (Outstanding Dissertations in Linguistics)

Book Cover......Page 1
Title......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Table of Contents......Page 7
Acknowledgements......Page 12
Preface......Page 13
Abstract......Page 14
INPUT-BASED PHONOLOGICAL ACQUISITION......Page 15
1.1. Focus of research......Page 16
1.2.1. Establishing Universal Grammar......Page 17
1.2.2. Universal Grammar and child language: The parallel between cross-linguistic markedness and child language......Page 19
1.2.3. Universal Grammar Hypothesis of language acquisition......Page 21
1.3.1. Child language reflects the language specific input......Page 22
1.4. The research question......Page 23
1.4.1. Test case: The acquisition of coda consonants......Page 24
1.4.1.2. Representation of final consonants......Page 25
1.4.1.3. Restrictions on analyses......Page 26
1.4.1.5. Sonority......Page 27
1.5. Goal and outline of dissertation......Page 28
2.2. Data......Page 30
2.2.2. Types of data......Page 31
2.3.1. Expected Frequency Analyses (EFA)......Page 32
2.3.2. Actual Frequency Analyses (AFA)......Page 33
2.4.1. Previous research on place of articulation in coda position......Page 34
2.4.4. Summary of place of articulation in coda position......Page 35
2.5.1. Previous research on sonority in coda position......Page 36
2.5.2. Sonority in coda position: EFA......Page 37
2.6. Universal Grammar Hypothesis for coda acquisition......Page 38
3.1.1. Previous studies of phoneme distributions in English......Page 41
3.2.3. MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory (CDI)......Page 42
3.2.5. Summary of sources......Page 43
3.3. Distribution of codas in English......Page 44
3.5. Comparing the UGH and the SLGH......Page 46
3.5.2. Sonority and the distribution of codas in English......Page 47
3.6. Summary......Page 49
4.2. Data......Page 51
4.3.1. Independent Analysis of coda consonant acquisition......Page 53
4.3.2. Relational Analysis of coda consonant acquisition......Page 55
4.5. Limitations based on using data from previous studies......Page 56
5.2.1. Subjects......Page 58
5.2.2. Stimuli......Page 59
5.3.2. Results of spontaneous and imitated productions......Page 60
5.3.3. Results based on weighted responses of spontaneous productions......Page 63
5.4.1.1. Summary of the UGH......Page 64
5.4.1.3. Summary of child language data......Page 65
5.4.2.2. UGH and sonority......Page 66
5.4.2.3. Summary of UGH evaluation......Page 67
5.4.3. SLGH and child language data......Page 68
5.4.4. Summary of UGH and SLGH evaluations......Page 69
5.5. Influences of methodology on results......Page 70
6.1.1. Phonotactic probability......Page 72
6.1.3. Goal of experiment......Page 73
6.2.2.1. Calculating phonotactic probabilities......Page 74
6.2.2.3. Word-likelihood ratings of stimuli......Page 76
6.2.3. Procedure......Page 77
6.3.1. Data coding......Page 78
6.4. Discussion......Page 79
7.2.1. Review of the Universal Grammar Hypothesis (UGH)......Page 81
7.2.3. Review of child language data......Page 82
7.2.4.2. Results and discussion: SLGH......Page 83
7.2.4.4. Alternative account: Ease of perception and/or production......Page 85
7.3.1. Prosodic and segmental interactions, and word class......Page 86
7.3.2. Optimality Theory......Page 87
7.3.4. Logical possibilities for language acquisition......Page 89
7.4. Conclusion......Page 90
APPENDIX I Languages used in cross-linguistic analyses organised by language......Page 92
APPENDIX II Languages used in cross-linguistic analyses organised by language family......Page 94
APPENDIX III EFA for cross-linguistic place of articulation in coda position......Page 96
APPENDIX IV AFA for cross-linguistic place of articulation in coda position......Page 97
APPENDIX V EFA for cross-linguistic sonority in coda position......Page 98
APPENDIX VI AFA for cross-linguistic sonority in coda position......Page 99
APPENDIX VII EFA for coronal place of articulation in English......Page 100
APPENDIX VIII AFA for coronal place of articulation in English......Page 101
APPENDIX IX EFA for sonority in English......Page 102
APPENDIX X AFA for sonority in English......Page 103
References......Page 104
Language Index......Page 113
Author Index......Page 115
Subject Index......Page 119