Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2011: Proceedings of the International Conference in Innsbruck, Austria, January 26–28, 2011

Cover......Page 1
Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2011......Page 3
ISBN 9783709105023......Page 4
Preface......Page 5
Table of Contents......Page 7
Index of Authors......Page 13
Research Programme Review Committee......Page 15
1 Introduction......Page 17
2.1 Recommender Systems......Page 18
2. 2 Travel Recommender Systems......Page 19
3.1 Definition of tourist profiles......Page 20
3. 2 Image-based definition of the user profiles......Page 21
3.3 Tourist resource recommendation......Page 22
4.2 Technical description of the prototype......Page 23
4.3 Management tool for image-based definition of profiles......Page 24
4.4 Determining the profile of the user......Page 25
References......Page 27
Acknowledgements......Page 28
1 Introduction......Page 29
2 Case Study......Page 30
3.1 Formalisation......Page 31
4 Collaborative Recommender Systems......Page 32
5 Content-based Recommender Systems......Page 34
6 Knowledge-based Recommender Systems......Page 36
7 Recommender Systems for Dynamic Packaging of Tourism Services: Synthesis......Page 37
References......Page 38
1 Introduction......Page 40
2 Computer-Aided Tour Planning......Page 41
3 System Design......Page 42
4.1 Plan Generation......Page 46
4.4 Changing Weights......Page 47
5 Evaluation......Page 48
6 Conclusions and Future Work......Page 50
References......Page 51
Acknowledgements......Page 52
1 Background......Page 53
2 Functionalities of the System......Page 54
3.1 Geospatial features and GIS database......Page 57
3.3 Tourism domain ontology......Page 59
3.4 Content filters......Page 60
3.5 Collaborative filters......Page 61
3.6 Integration of content-based and collaborative methods......Page 62
References......Page 63
Acknowledgement......Page 64
1 Introduction......Page 65
2 Related Work......Page 66
3 Overview of the Recommendation System......Page 68
4 Technical Overview of Components......Page 70
5 The Reasoner with the Shared Memory Database......Page 71
6 Score Calculation......Page 72
7 Conclusions and Future Work......Page 75
Acknowledgements......Page 76
1 Introduction......Page 77
3 Mobile Tourist Guide......Page 79
3.1 Motivating example......Page 80
4.1 innsbruck.mobile dataset......Page 83
4.2 Method......Page 84
4.3 Results and discussion......Page 85
5 Conclusions......Page 86
References......Page 87
1 Introduction......Page 89
2.1 Silver Surfers......Page 90
2.2 Usability Methods......Page 92
3 Methodology......Page 94
4 Results......Page 96
5 Conclusions and Further Research......Page 98
References......Page 100
1 Introduction......Page 102
2 Literature Review......Page 103
3.2 Gathering opinions of tourists in 2005 and 2010......Page 104
4.1 Change of perceived importance of evaluation criteria for attraction websites......Page 105
4.2 Performance of Chinese attraction web sites......Page 107
4.3 Correlation analysis......Page 109
5 Conclusions......Page 111
References......Page 112
Acknowledgements......Page 113
1 Introduction......Page 114
2.1 eTourism and web2.0......Page 115
2.2 Use of HRWs in Travel Planning......Page 116
3 Research Design......Page 117
3.1 Sampling and research instrument......Page 118
3.2 Details on collected data......Page 119
4 Results......Page 120
References......Page 123
1 Introduction......Page 126
3 Related Work......Page 127
4.1 Extraction of Transportation Information......Page 129
4.2 Link Classification......Page 130
5.1 Extraction of Transportation Information......Page 133
5.2 Extraction and Classification of Links......Page 136
References......Page 137
1 Introduction......Page 138
2 Research approach......Page 139
4.1 Identification and classification of arguments......Page 141
4.2 Reconstruction of arguments......Page 143
4.3 The inferential configuration of arguments: analysis and evaluation......Page 145
5 Conclusion......Page 148
References......Page 149
1 Introduction......Page 151
2 Literature Review......Page 152
4 Findings and Discussions......Page 155
4.1 Travel Preferences about Hong Kong......Page 156
4.2 Travel Preferences about Bali, Hawaii and Auckland......Page 157
4.3 Travel Preferences about Cairo and Provence......Page 158
5 Conclusions......Page 159
References......Page 160
Acknowledgements......Page 162
1 Introduction......Page 163
2.1 Studies on User-Generated Contents......Page 164
2.2 The deliberative function of tourism-related UGC......Page 165
3.1 Research goal and research design......Page 166
3.2 Collection of data......Page 167
3.3 Analysis of data......Page 168
4.1 Classification of arguments......Page 170
4.2 Results in TripAdvisor.com......Page 171
4.4 Results of the supply side and comparison of results......Page 172
5 Conclusion and Further Research......Page 173
References......Page 174
1 Introduction......Page 176
2.2 Extracting Knowledge from UGC......Page 177
3 Method......Page 178
3.4 Identifying Meaningful Words......Page 179
3.6 Category Building......Page 180
4.1 Online Representation and Travellers' Active Connotation......Page 181
4.2 Comparison of Dominant Themes......Page 182
5 Discussion and Limitations......Page 185
References......Page 187
Acknowledgements......Page 188
1 Introduction......Page 189
2.1 Related Literature......Page 190
2.2 CONCERT: A New Framework for Contextual Computing in Tourism......Page 191
3.1 Technical Evaluation......Page 193
3.2 User Evaluation......Page 194
4.1 Technical Evaluation Results......Page 195
4.2 User Evaluation Results......Page 196
5 Conclusions and Implications......Page 198
References......Page 199
1 Introduction......Page 201
2 Related Work......Page 202
3.1 Mobile Client......Page 203
3.2 Notification Manager......Page 204
4.1 Context Providers......Page 206
4.3 Context Manager......Page 207
5.1 Proposed Scenarios......Page 208
5.2 User Experience and Results......Page 209
6 Discussion......Page 210
References......Page 211
1 Introduction......Page 213
3 Platform for eTourism......Page 214
3.1 Concept......Page 215
3.2 Structure......Page 216
3.3 Architecture......Page 217
3.4 Data Model......Page 218
3.5 Framework......Page 219
4.1 Management Portal......Page 220
4.2 Mobile Application......Page 221
5 Conclusions and Future Work......Page 222
References......Page 223
1 Introduction......Page 225
2.1 Customer cards in loyalty programs......Page 226
2.2 Mobile Couponing and 2D Codes......Page 227
3.1 Development of the basic process model......Page 229
3.2 Technical architecture of mobile customer card system......Page 230
3.3 Prototypical implementation of customer card application scenarios......Page 231
4.2 Results......Page 232
5 Conclusion and Future Work......Page 235
References......Page 236
1 Introduction......Page 238
2.1 Web 2.0 in tourism and hospitality......Page 240
2.2 Technology adoption in the hospitality industry......Page 241
3 Research Method......Page 242
4.1 Adoption of Web 2.0 by chain and independent hotels in Hong Kong......Page 243
4.2 Factors influencing Web 2.0 adoption......Page 244
5 Discussion and Conclusion......Page 246
References......Page 247
Acknowledgements......Page 249
1 Introduction......Page 250
2 Literature......Page 251
2.2 Hotel Booking Engines......Page 252
3 Research Design......Page 253
4 Results......Page 255
4.1 Hypotheses testing......Page 257
5 Discussion and Conclusions......Page 259
References......Page 260
1 Introduction......Page 262
2.1 Hospitality businesses......Page 263
2.2 Rural Businesses and internet marketing......Page 264
4 Factor Analysis Findings and Discussion......Page 267
5 Conclusion and Limitations......Page 269
References......Page 270
1 Introduction......Page 274
2.1 Status Quo of the Research......Page 275
2.4 Multiple Digital Divides in Hierarchical Order......Page 276
2.6 The Digital Divide in Tourism......Page 278
2.7 Consequences and Solutions......Page 279
4.1 Results of the Expert Interviews......Page 280
4.2 Digital Divide in Tourism......Page 281
4.3 Digital Communication Matrix......Page 282
5 Conclusions......Page 284
References......Page 285
1 Introduction......Page 287
2.1 Tourism Experience......Page 288
2.2 Geographic Experience......Page 289
2.3 Geographic Technology......Page 290
3 Methodology......Page 291
4 Result and Discussion......Page 292
5 Conclusion and Implication......Page 296
References......Page 297
1 Introduction......Page 300
2.2 Tourism and IT Research......Page 301
3 Methodology......Page 302
4.1 Analysis by Year......Page 303
4.2 Analysis by Country/Region......Page 304
4.3 Contributions by Individual Authors......Page 306
4.4 Research Contributions by Institutes......Page 307
4.5 Summary of the Study......Page 308
5.1 Limitations and future research......Page 309
References......Page 310
Acknowledgements......Page 311
1 Introduction......Page 312
2 Literature Review......Page 313
5 Research Methodology......Page 315
7 Validity and Reliability......Page 316
8.1 Benefits of e-commerce adoption in travel agents......Page 317
8.2 Factor analysis of e-commerce adoption benefits in travel agents......Page 318
9 Conclusion and Recommendations......Page 320
References......Page 321
1 Introduction......Page 325
1.1 Publish/subscribe......Page 326
1.2 Contributions......Page 327
2 Related work......Page 328
3 Phoenix......Page 329
3.3 Reconnection support......Page 330
4.1 Prototypes......Page 331
4.2 Performance......Page 334
5 Conclusions......Page 335
References......Page 336
1 Introduction......Page 337
2.1 Electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM)......Page 338
2.2 Trustworthiness of Travel 2.0 applications and their influence on tourist decision making......Page 339
3 Methodology......Page 341
4.2 Trustworthiness of Travel 2.0 applications and their influence on tourist decision making......Page 342
4.3 Trustworthiness of Travel 2.0 applications and their influence on tourist decision making: Do gender differences exist?......Page 343
5 Conclusion......Page 345
References......Page 347
1 Introduction......Page 349
2.2 Role of Social Media in Online Travel Information Search......Page 350
3 Methods......Page 351
4 Findings......Page 352
5 Discussion......Page 357
References......Page 358
1 Introduction......Page 360
2 Literature......Page 361
3 Research Design......Page 363
4.1 (i) the most completed websites......Page 366
4.2 (ii) most frequent travel magazine web design patterns......Page 367
4.3 (iii) the business model of the online travel magazines......Page 369
5 Conclusions......Page 370
References......Page 371
1 Introduction......Page 372
2.1 Mobile broadcasting......Page 373
2.2 Existing hybrid systems......Page 374
3.1 Architecture......Page 375
3.2 Design of the DVB-H network......Page 376
3.3 Authoring tools for generating carousels......Page 377
3.4 Definition of the mobile services......Page 378
4.1 Description of the evaluation campaign......Page 379
5 Conclusions and Future Work......Page 382
Acknowledgements......Page 383
1 Introduction......Page 384
2.1 Classification of the Web spaces......Page 386
2.2 The presence map......Page 387
4 Results......Page 390
5 Conclusions......Page 394
References......Page 395
1 Introduction and Background......Page 396
2.1 Environmental Issues......Page 398
2.3 Burden-of-Choice Issues......Page 399
2.4 Sticky-Information-Needs Issues......Page 400
3 Design Requirements for Collaborative Destination Counselling......Page 401
4 Instantiating Collaborative Destination Counselling......Page 402
5.1 Participants, tasks, setting......Page 403
5.2 Measurement......Page 404
5.3 Results......Page 405
6 Conclusion and Future Directions......Page 406
Acknowledgements......Page 407
1 Introduction......Page 408
2.1 Requirements......Page 410
2.2 OTA Limitations and Implemented Extensions......Page 411
3.1 Requirements......Page 415
3.2 BPMN Extensions and XML Representation......Page 416
4 Related Work......Page 418
References......Page 419
1 Introduction......Page 421
2 Knowledge Destination Framework......Page 422
2.1 Customer-based knowledge generation......Page 424
2.2 Supplier-based knowledge application information system (DMIS)......Page 426
3.1 Data sources, data extraction and data warehousing......Page 427
3.2 Data mining & knowledge generation......Page 428
4 Conclusion and Future Work......Page 431
References......Page 432
Acknowledgements......Page 433
1 Introduction......Page 434
2.1 The concept of 'Knowledge'......Page 435
2.2 Information and Knowledge Management......Page 436
3 TTR Tirol Tourism Research......Page 437
3.2 Findings......Page 438
3.3 Knowledge platform www.ttr.tirol.at......Page 441
References......Page 442
1 Introduction......Page 445
2 Method......Page 447
2.1 Sampling and data collection......Page 448
3 Results......Page 449
4 Discussion......Page 453
5 Conclusion......Page 455
References......Page 456
1 Introduction......Page 458
2 Literature Review......Page 459
3.1 Research Questions......Page 460
4 Analysis and Discussions......Page 462
4.1 Influence Maps: Source, Message, Media and Overall Credibility......Page 463
4.2 Influence Maps: Source Credibility and its Underlying Measurements......Page 464
4.3 Influence Maps: Message Credibility and its Underlying Measurements......Page 465
4.4 Influence Maps: Media Credibility and its Underlying Measurements......Page 466
4.5 Overall Discussions......Page 467
References......Page 468
1 Introduction......Page 471
2 Background......Page 472
4 Results......Page 476
5 Discussion......Page 479
6 Concluding Remarks......Page 480
References......Page 481
Acknowledgements......Page 483
1 Introduction......Page 484
2.1 Social Network Sites......Page 485
2.2 Social Media Marketing......Page 486
2.3 Facebook as a marketing tool......Page 487
3 Methodology......Page 488
3.2 Data Collection and Analysis......Page 489
4.2 Reasons for Using Facebook......Page 490
4.4 Information Search......Page 491
4.6 Fanpages......Page 492
5 Conclusion......Page 494
References......Page 495
1 Introduction......Page 498
2.1 Customer Relationship Management (CRM)......Page 499
2.2 Complaint Management......Page 500
2.3 Customer Reviews as Complaint Management Tool......Page 501
3 Methodology......Page 502
4.1 Hotel performance and complaint cases......Page 503
4.2 Complaining Behaviour Profile......Page 504
4.4 Outcomes of the Questionnaire......Page 505
5 Discussion and Recommendations......Page 506
6 Conclusions......Page 508
References......Page 509
1 Introduction......Page 511
2 Social Media Networks and E-satisfaction......Page 512
3 Web Quality and eSatisfaction Evaluation Model......Page 513
4 Research Model and Hypotheses......Page 515
5 Research Methodology......Page 517
6 Research Finding......Page 518
7 Conclusions, Limitations and Recommendations......Page 519
References......Page 520
1 Introduction......Page 523
2.1 Social Media in Travel......Page 524
2.3 Opinion Seeking......Page 525
3.2 Measures......Page 526
4.1 Profile of Sample......Page 527
4.2 Opinion Leaders vs. Seekers......Page 528
4.3 Opinion Leadership and Seeking and Social Travel Media......Page 529
5 Conclusions......Page 531
References......Page 532
1 Introduction......Page 534
2 Background of the Study......Page 535
3 Method and Data......Page 536
4.1 Small Rural Tourism Companies......Page 537
4.2 Medium-sized hotels and larger travel companies......Page 539
5 Conclusions, Limitations and Further Research......Page 541
References......Page 542
1 Introduction......Page 544
2.1 The Internet, distribution channels and hotels......Page 545
2.2 AHP methodological approach of efficiency......Page 546
3 Data......Page 547
4 Methodology......Page 548
5 Results......Page 551
6 Conclusions and Limitations......Page 553
References......Page 554
1 Introduction......Page 556
2.2 Online Trust......Page 557
4.1 Composition of Sample......Page 559
4.3 Trusting Beliefs......Page 560
4.4 Structural Assurances......Page 561
4.5 Knowledge Based Trust......Page 562
4.7 Google's Search Results......Page 563
4.8 Web Interface Design......Page 564
4.9 Summary of the Findings......Page 565
References......Page 566
1 Introduction......Page 569
2.2 Hotel Website Design and Aesthetic Preferences......Page 570
3.2 Kohonen Networks......Page 571
4.1 Data Collection......Page 572
4.2 Results and Discussion......Page 573
5 Conclusions and Limitations......Page 579
References......Page 580
Acknowledgements......Page 581
1 Introduction......Page 582
2 Literature Review......Page 583
3 Methods......Page 585
4.1 Sample Profile......Page 586
4.2 Big five personality traits and tourists' Internet behaviour......Page 587
4.3 Predictability of personality items for Internet Behaviours......Page 588
5 Discussion......Page 590
References......Page 592
Acknowledgements......Page 593
1 Introduction......Page 594
2 Literature Review......Page 595
3 Methodology......Page 597
4.1 Affects of sensory elements on potential tourists' enjoyment during the website interaction......Page 598
4.3 Connections between websites and interviewees' behaviours......Page 600
5 Discussion......Page 602
7 Conclusions......Page 603
References......Page 604