Industrial Crystallization

Front Matter....Pages i-x
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Secondary Nucleation — A Review....Pages 3-22
Attrition and Secondary Nucleation in Agitated Crystal Slurries....Pages 23-31
Collision Breeding from Solution or Melt....Pages 33-40
Secondary Nucleation of Potash Alum....Pages 41-49
Control of Particle Size in Industrial NaCl-Crystallization....Pages 51-60
Secondary Nucleation and Crystal Growth as Coupled Phenomena....Pages 61-66
The Grinding Mechanism in a Fluid Energy Mill and its Similarity to Secondary Nucleation....Pages 67-76
Secondary Nucleation in Agitated Crystallizers....Pages 77-87
Front Matter....Pages 89-89
Theory and Experiment for Crystal Growth from Solution: Implications for Industrial Crystallization....Pages 91-112
Computer Simulation of Crystal Growth from Solution....Pages 113-121
Surface Perfection as a Factor Influencing the Behaviour of Growth Layers on the {100} Faces on Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate (ADP) Crystals in Pure Solution....Pages 123-134
Growth Rate of Citric Acid Monohydrate Crystals in a Liquid Fluidized Bed....Pages 135-143
The Occurrence of Growth Dispersion and Its Consequences....Pages 145-154
Kinetics of TiO 2 Precipitation....Pages 155-161
Investigations on the Ostwald Ripening of Well Soluble Salts by Means of Radioactive Isotopes....Pages 163-171
Recrystallization in Suspensions....Pages 173-186
Crystal Growth Kinetics of Sodium Chloride from Solution....Pages 187-199
Front Matter....Pages 201-201
Survey of Crystal Habit Modification in Solution....Pages 203-214
Some Problems of Crystal Habit Modification....Pages 215-221
Solvent Effects in the Growth of Hexamethylene Tetramine Crystals....Pages 223-237
Front Matter....Pages 201-201
Effect of Isodimorphously Included Co(II), Fe(II) and Cu(II) Ions on the Crystal Structures of ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O and MgSO 4 .7H 2 O....Pages 239-243
The Effect of Ionic Impurities on the Growth of Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate Crystals....Pages 245-252
Influence of Mn(II), Cu(II) and Al(III) Ions on Size and Habit of Ammonium Sulphate Crystals....Pages 253-262
The Influence of Surface-Active Agents on Gypsum Crystallization in Phosphoric Acid Solutions....Pages 263-268
Isomorphous Series in Crystals of MeSO 4 .nH 2 O Type....Pages 269-276
The Transformation of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate into Crystalline Hydroxyapatite....Pages 277-283
The Effect of Fe(III) Ions on the Growth of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Monocrystals....Pages 285-288
Front Matter....Pages 289-289
Crystallizer Design and Operation....Pages 291-302
The Design of a Crystallizer....Pages 303-310
Design Criteria for DTB-Vacuum Crystallizers....Pages 311-318
Integral Design of Crystallizers as Illustrated by the Design of a Continuous Stirred — Tank Cooling Crystallizer....Pages 319-334
Design of Batch Crystallizers....Pages 335-342
Population Balance Models for Batch Crystallization....Pages 343-351
The Crystallization of Chloro-Organic Compounds in a Batch Crystallizer with Programmed Cooling....Pages 353-361
A New Technique for Accurate Crystal Size Distribution Analysis in an MSMPR Crystallizer....Pages 363-372
Front Matter....Pages 373-373
Transient Behaviour in Crystallization — Design Models Related to Plant Experiences....Pages 375-389
Stability and Dynamic Behaviour of Crystallizers....Pages 391-402
The Importance of Classification in Well-Mixed Crystallizers....Pages 403-412
Purification of H 3 PO 4 . 1/2H 2 O by Crystallization....Pages 413-420
The Operation of a NaOH. 3 1/2H 2 O Crystallizer by Direct Contact Cooling....Pages 421-429
Front Matter....Pages 373-373
Progress in Continuous Fractional Crystallization....Pages 431-435
The Prevention of Deposition on Crystallizer Cooling Surfaces Using Ultrasound....Pages 437-447
Case Study of Incrustation in an Industrial Salt Crystallizer....Pages 449-459
Operation of a Large-Scale KCl Crystallization Plant....Pages 461-469
Back Matter....Pages 471-473