INCREMENTAL SHEET FORMING TECHNOLOGIES principles, merits, limitations, and applications

Cover......Page 1
Half Title......Page 2
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Table of Contents......Page 6
List of Figures......Page 10
List of Tables......Page 14
Preface......Page 16
Acknowledgments......Page 18
Authors’ Biographies......Page 20
List of Abbreviations......Page 22
 1.2 Manufacturing Processes......Page 24
  1.2.2 Material Removal Processes......Page 25
  1.2.4 Joining Processes......Page 26
 1.3 Basics of Sheet Material Working......Page 27
  1.3.4 Sheet Temperature during Forming......Page 28
  1.4.2 Forming Operations......Page 31
 1.5 Need for Specialized Sheet Forming......Page 37
 1.6 Organization of the Book......Page 39
 References......Page 41
 2.1 Introduction......Page 42
 2.2 History and Development......Page 43
  2.2.1 First Era (until 1989)......Page 44
  2.2.2 Second Era or Era of Japanese Developments (1990 to 2000): Beginning of True ISF Process......Page 45
  2.2.3 Process Variation (1993–2000)......Page 46
   2.2.4.1 Warm Forming......Page 47
  2.2.5 Modern Era (2010 to till Now)......Page 49
 2.3 Working Principle and Procedure of ISF......Page 55
 2.4 Classification of ISF Processes......Page 56
 2.5 Benefits and Limitations of ISF......Page 57
 2.7 Applications of ISF Process......Page 58
 References......Page 59
  3.2.1 Single-Stage Forming......Page 62
  3.2.2 Multi-Stage Forming......Page 64
  3.3.1 Single-Point Incremental Forming......Page 66
  3.3.2 Two-Point Incremental Forming......Page 67
  3.3.3 Double-Sided Incremental Forming......Page 69
  3.3.4 Hybrid Forming......Page 70
  3.4.1 Cold Forming......Page 73
  3.4.2 Hot Forming......Page 74
 References......Page 84
 4.2 Forming Machinery......Page 90
  4.2.1 CNC Milling Machines......Page 91
  4.2.2 Industrial Robots......Page 92
  4.2.3 Purpose-Built Machine......Page 93
 4.3 ISF Forming-Tools......Page 97
 4.4 Typical ISF Set-up......Page 99
 4.5 Lubricants......Page 101
 4.7 Raw Materials for ISF......Page 103
 References......Page 105
 5.3 Workpiece Parameters......Page 110
  5.3.1 Material Parameters......Page 111
  5.3.2 Geometrical Parameters......Page 112
  5.5.1 Sheet Thickness......Page 114
  5.5.4 Spindle Speed......Page 115
  5.5.6 Tool-Path......Page 116
  5.5.7 Lubricants......Page 120
 5.6 Concluding Remarks......Page 121
 References......Page 123
 6.2 Forming-Force......Page 126
  6.2.1 Measurement of the Forming-Force......Page 127
  6.2.2 Effects of ISF Parameters on Forming-Force......Page 128
  6.2.3 Effects of the Deforming Mechanism on the Forming-Force......Page 131
  6.3.1 Measurement of Formability......Page 133
 6.4 Geometrical Accuracy......Page 136
  6.4.2 Effects of Parameters on Geometrical Accuracy......Page 138
  6.5.1 Measurement of Thickness Reduction or Thinning Limit......Page 140
  6.5.2 Effects of Parameters on Thickness Reduction and Thinning Limit......Page 142
  6.6.1 Measurement of Surface Roughness......Page 143
  6.6.2 Effects of Parameters on Surface Roughness......Page 144
 6.7 Concluding Remarks......Page 147
 References......Page 148
  7.2.1 Bio-Medical and Medical Applications......Page 154
  7.2.3 Die-Making Applications......Page 155
  7.2.4 Prototyping Applications......Page 156
 7.3 Challenges and Issues of ISF Process......Page 157
 References......Page 158
 8.2 Summary......Page 162
 8.3 Scope of Future Work......Page 165
Appendix: List of US, Japanese (JP), European (EP) and International (WO) Patents Related to ISF......Page 166
Index......Page 174