Impact Investing: Instruments, Mechanisms and Actors

Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
1 Introduction
	1.1 Context
		1.1.1 Social Enterprises
		1.1.2 Societal Challenges and Changes in the Social Sector
		1.1.3 Capital Providers
	1.2 Impact Investing
	1.3 Outline of the Book
	Bibliography
2 Social Entrepreneurship
	2.1 Social Entrepreneurship at the Core
		2.1.1 Introduction
		2.1.2 Defining Social Entrepreneurship
			Conceptual Challenges
			Legal Forms of Social Enterprises
		2.1.3 Differentiation from Other Actors
		2.1.4 Scaling Strategies
	2.2 Social Business Model Innovation
		2.2.1 Opportunity Creation
		2.2.2 Smart Distribution
		2.2.3 Ecosystem Engineering
		2.2.4 Cheap Sourcing
		2.2.5 Smart Pricing
		2.2.6 Inclusive Production
	2.3 Thematic Areas for Impact Investing
		2.3.1 Introduction
		2.3.2 Sustainable Development Goals
		2.3.3 Child Labor
			Introduction
			Definition
			Drivers
	Bibliography
3 Impact Investing
	3.1 Introduction and Definition
	3.2 Rationale for Impact Investing
	3.3 Investors
		3.3.1 Donors
		3.3.2 Investors with Reduced Financial Return Expectations
		3.3.3 Investors with Market-Oriented Financial Return Expectations
	3.4 Impact Investment Theories
		3.4.1 Introduction
		3.4.2 Trade-Off Considerations Between Social and Financial Return
			Introduction
			Trade-Off Conflicts
			Strategies for the Resolution of the Financing Conflicts
		3.4.3 Flexibility Restrictions Driven by Public Authorities
		3.4.4 Sustainability Conflicts
		3.4.5 Income Streams
		3.4.6 Crowding-Out
		3.4.7 Conclusion
	Bibliography
4 The Impact Investing Market
	4.1 Actors
		4.1.1 Networks
		4.1.2 Social Investment Advisors
		4.1.3 Social Venture Capital Funds
		4.1.4 Ethical Banks
		4.1.5 Crowdfunding Platforms
	4.2 The Instruments and Mechanisms
		4.2.1 Socially Responsible Investments
			Introduction
			Investor Profile
			Financial Perfofrmance
		4.2.2 Outcome-Based Financing Models
		4.2.3 Guarantee Schemes
		4.2.4 Catalytic Structures
	Bibliography
5 Financing Instruments and Transactions
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Financing Instruments
		5.2.1 Equity Capital
		5.2.2 Debt Capital
		5.2.3 Other Forms
			Mezzanine Capital
			Recoverable Grants
			Forgivable Loan
			Convertible Grant
			Revenue Share Agreement
			Grants
	5.3 Investments
		5.3.1 Structure of the Investments
		5.3.2 Exits
	5.4 Technical Aspects
		5.4.1 Structure of the Fund Industry
		5.4.2 Valuation of Social Enterprises
	Bibliography
6 Impact Measurement and Management
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Purpose of IMM
	6.3 Terminology
	6.4 IMM Along the Investment Process
		6.4.1 The IMM Process
		6.4.2 Pre-investment Analyses
		6.4.3 Post-investment Analyses
	6.5 Challenges in IMM
	Bibliography
7 Assessment Tools and Methodologies
	7.1 How to Choose a Method
		7.1.1 Introduction
		7.1.2 Target Audience of Impact Assessment
		7.1.3 Objectives of Impact Measurement and Management
		7.1.4 Reporting Determinants
		7.1.5 Scope of Impact Measurement and Management
	7.2 Existing Impact Measurement and Management Methods
		7.2.1 Introduction
		7.2.2 Differentiating IMM for Different Financial Instruments
		7.2.3 Categorization of  IMM  Methods
		7.2.4 Methods for Assessing and Evaluation of Social Impact
		7.2.5 Data collection
			The Universe of Data Collection Methods
			Indicators
			Lean Data and the Use of Mobile Technology for Data Collection
	7.3 Outlook
	Bibliography
Index