ICT for Engineering & Critical Infrastructures: Proceedings of the 3rd American University in the Emirates International Research Conference, ... in Science, Technology & Innovation)

Preface
Organisation
Introduction
Contents
Sustainability in Internet of Things: Insights and Scope
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Methodology
		2.1 Assembling
		2.2 Arranging
		2.3 Assessing
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 RO1. To Quantify the Trends of Publication for Sustainability in IoT
		3.2 RO2. To Identify Most Influential Research Source on Sustainability in IoT
	4 Scope and Limitation of Study
	5 Conclusion
	References
Machine Learning in Finance Case of Credit Scoring
	1 Introduction
	2 Objectif
	3 Methodology
	4 Credit Scoring
		4.1 Definition
		4.2 Principle
	5 Statistical Method: Logistic Regression
	6 Machine Learning Methods
		6.1 Definition: Machine Learning
		6.2 Support Vector Machine (SVMs)
		6.3 Decision Trees
		6.4 AdaBoost Classifier
		6.5 Random Forest Classifier
		6.6 XGBoost
	7 Case Study
		7.1 Presentation of the Database
		7.2 Ratios Used
		7.3 Definition of the Parameters
		7.4 Discussion
	References
Prediction of Coefficient of Friction and Wear Rate of Stellite 6 Coatings Manufactured by LMD Using Machine Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 State of the Art
	3 Materials and Methods
		3.1 Intelligent Algorithms
		3.2 Metrics
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Feature Importance
		4.2 Training Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Predicting Future Sales: A Machine Learning Algorithm Showdown
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Data Description and Visualization
		2.2 Exploratory Data Analysis
		2.3 Determination of Stationarity
		2.4 Lags Observing
		2.5 Data Set Regressive Modeling
	3 Model Comparison and Results
	4 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
A Detailed Study on the Game of Life
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Detailed Algorithm Analysis
		3.2 Implementation of the Algorithmic Approaches in the PASCAL Programming Language
	4 Presentation of Data and Outcomes
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
A Decision-Making Model for Selecting Solutions and Improvement Actions Using Fuzzy Logic
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Model
		2.1 Action Relevance Estimation
		2.2 Indicators Definition
		2.3 Modeling of Indicators
		2.4 Fuzzy Inference
		2.5 Defuzzification
	3 Conclusion
	References
Sensored Brushless DC Motor Control Based on an Artificial Neural Network Controller
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 BLDC Motor System
		2.2 Overview and Use of Controllers
	3 Results and Discussions
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Machine Learning Based Approach to Analyze the Relationship Between Process Variables and Process Alarms
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Related Work
	4 Problem Statement
	5 Preliminaries
		5.1 Process Variables and Alarm Tags
		5.2 Notions of Alarm and Process Variables
		5.3 Experimental Environment and Dataset
		5.4 Machine Learning and Algorithms Used
	6 Methodology
		6.1 Overall Learning Process
		6.2 Pre-processing
		6.3 Merging Process Tag Data and Alarm Data
		6.4 Train Machine Learning Model
		6.5 Generate Feature Importance
	7 Experiments and Results
		7.1 Analysis of the Process Data and Alarm Data
		7.2 Deriving the Relationship Between Alarm and Process Tags
		7.3 Performance Evaluation of the Machine Learning Algorithms
	8 Summary and Future Work
	References
Improving the Resolution of Images Using Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Improved Model Structure
	4 Experimental
		4.1 Evaluation Metrics
	5 Result
		5.1 Qualitative Evaluation
		5.2 Quantitative Evaluation
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Three Levels of Security Including Scrambling, Encryption and Embedding Data as Row in Cover Image with DNA Reference Sequence
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed System
	4 Discussion and Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Acceptance and Barriers of ICT Integration in Language Learning: In the Context of Teacher Aspirants from a Third World Country
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Research Design
		2.2 Respondents
		2.3 Instrument
		2.4 Data Gathering Procedure
		2.5 Data Analysis Technique
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Detection of Pesticide Responsible of Intoxication: An Artificial Intelligence Based Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Sate of Art
	3 The Proposed Method
		3.1 Database Description
		3.2 Machine Learning Algorithms
	4 Result and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Literature Review of Tutoring Systems: Pedagogical Approach and Tools
	1 Introduction and Background
	2 Programmed Learning
		2.1 Definition of Programmed Learning
		2.2 Principles of Programmed Learning
		2.3 Branch Programming by Crowder
	3 Intelligent Tutors
		3.1 Intelligent Tutoring System: Definition and Architecture
		3.2 Example of intelligent Tutoring Systems
	4 Conclusion
	References
IoT in Agriculture: Security Challenges and Solutions
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review and Discussion
	3 IoT-Based Agriculture Threats
	4 The Proposed Hybrid Metamodel for Smart Agriculture
	5 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
Big Data Analytics in Business Process: Insights and Implications
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Scope and Limitation of Study
	5 Conclusion
	References
Chatbots for Medical Students Exploring Medical Students’ Attitudes and Concerns Towards Artificial Intelligence and Medical Chatbots
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Socio-demographic Characteristics
		3.2 Attitudes of Medical Student Toward Intelligent Chatbots in Medicine
		3.3 Potential Applications of AI in Medicine Perceived by Medical Student
		3.4 Medical Students Concerned About the Use of AI in Clinical Practice
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Design and Analysis of the Rectangular Microstrip Patch for 5G Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Design Parameters for Rectangular Patch Antenna
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Return Loss
		3.2 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)
		3.3 Bandwidth
		3.4 3D Radiation Pattern for Gain and Directivity
	4 Conclusion
	References
Reading in the 21st Century: Digital Reading Habit of Prospective Elementary Language Teachers
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Research Design
		2.2 Respondents
		2.3 Research Instrument
		2.4 Data Gathering Procedure
		2.5 Data Analysis Technique
		2.6 Ethical Consideration
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion and Implications
	References
Understanding and Designing Turing Machines with Applications to Computing
	1 Introduction
	2 Computational Steps
	3 Turing Machines-Background
		3.1 Conceptualizing Turing Machines
		3.2 Result After Running a Command
	4 Basic Concepts of the Theory of Algorithms with the Help of Turing Machines
	5 Examples of Turing Machines
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
How Can Cloud BI Contribute to the Development of the Economy of SMEs? Morocco as Model
	1 Introduction
	2 State of the Art
		2.1 Cloud Computing
		2.2 Business Intelligence
		2.3 Cloud BI
	3 Morocco, SMEs and Cloud BI
		3.1 Important Stats and Discussions
		3.2 Benefits of Cloud BI in SMEs
		3.3 SMEs Concerns About Using Cloud BI
	4 Proposed Framework
		4.1 Homomorphic Encryption
	5 Conclusion and Perspectives
	References
Deep Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation: Enhancing User Engagement in E-commerce
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Data Collection and Preprocessing
		2.2 Deep Learning Model for Dynamic Content Adaptation
		2.3 Model Training
		2.4 Model Evaluation
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
PID Versus Fuzzy Logic Controller Speed Control Comparison of DC Motor Using QUANSER QNET 2.0
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 DC Motor Material
		2.2 PID Controller Method
		2.3 Fuzzy Logic Controller Method
	3 Simulation and Experimental Results
		3.1 Simulation Results
		3.2 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Unleashing Collective Intelligence for Innovation: A Literature Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Which Data Quality Model for Recommender Systems?
	1 Introduction
	2 Data Quality
	3 Data Quality Dimension
	4 Data Quality Models
	5 Comparison and Discussion
	6 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
Logistics Blockchain: Value-Creating Technology for the Port of Casablanca’s Container Terminal
	1 Introduction
		1.1 The Study Context
		1.2 Interest and Challenge of the Study
		1.3 Approach and Research Methodology
	2 Findings of the Digitization of the NPA on the Performance of the Port Container Terminals (PCTs) Process
	3 Blockchain Logistics: An Opportunity to Achieve Desired Goals in PTC
	4 Conclusion
	References
Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) Methods on the Internet of Vehicles (IoV): Overview and Future Opportunities
	1 Introduction
	2 IoV and AI Methods Overview
		2.1 IoV Architecture
		2.2 IoV Applications
		2.3 IoV Challenges
		2.4 AI Methods and Algorithms: Background
		2.5 Swarm Intelligence (SI)
	3 Advantages and Limitations of Integrating AI Methods in the IoV
		3.1 Advantages and Limitations
		3.2 Research Using AI Methods and Algorithms in the IoV
	4 Future Opportunities
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Novel for Seizure Prediction Using Artificial Intelligent and Electroencephalography
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 The Proposed Model
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: What We Need to Know?
	1 Introduction
	2 Classifications of AI
		2.1 Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
		2.2 Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)
		2.3 Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN)
	3 AI in Dentistry
		3.1 AI in Operative Dentistry
		3.2 AI in Periodontics
		3.3 AI in Orthodontics
		3.4 AI in Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology
		3.5 AI in Prosthodontics
		3.6 AI in Endodontics
	4 Conclusion
	References
Predicting Ejection Fractions from Echocardiogram Videos Using Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Deep Learning
	3 Proposed Model
		3.1 Implementation Details
	4 Experimental Results and Discussion
		4.1 Data Set
		4.2 Evaluation Metrics
		4.3 The Results
		4.4 Comparison with Other Models
	5 Conclusion
	References
Mechanical Intelligence Techniques for Precision Agriculture: A Case Study with Tomato Disease Detection in Morocco
	1 Introduction
	2 Weed Problems in Crops and Solutions
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Image Acquisition
		3.2 Image Pre-Processing
		3.3 Training Process
	4 Method of Detecting Tomato Illnesses
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Predict Fires with Machine Learning Algorithms
	1 Introduction
	2 State of Art
		2.1 Machine Learning Algorithms
		2.2 Selecting the Appropriate Algorithm
		2.3 Classification Algorithms
		2.4 Model for Classification and Evaluation
	3 Fire Prediction Methodology Using a Classification Model Algorithm
		3.1 Similar Works
		3.2 Confusion Matrix for Predicting Fires
		3.3 Results of the Confusion Matrix and Evaluation Indicators
		3.4 Optimization Criteria and Generated Values
		3.5 Measures of Error
	4 Conclusion
	References
Identifying ChatGPT-Generated Essays Against Native and Non-native Speakers
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Technology in Education: An Attitudinal Investigation Among Prospective Teachers from a Country of Emerging Economy
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Research Design
		2.2 Respondents
		2.3 Research Instrument
		2.4 Data Gathering Procedure
		2.5 Data Analysis Technique
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion and Recommendation
	References
Comparative Analysis of Pre-trained CNN Models for Image Classification of Emergency Vehicles
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Classification of Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Diabetic Patients with Machine Learning: Systematic Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Information Sources
		2.2 Search Strategy
		2.3 Eligibility Criteria
		2.4 Data Extraction
		2.5 Data Synthesis and Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Search Results
		3.2 Model Development and Validation
		3.3 Study Populations
		3.4 Features Selection
		3.5 Models Discrimination’s Metrics
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Network Intrusion System Detection Using Machine and Deep Learning Models: A Comparative Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology and Materials
		3.1 IDS Machine Learning Approaches
		3.2 IDS Deep Learning Approaches
		3.3 Hybrid Approaches
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Datasets
		4.2 Preprocessing Data
		4.3 Evaluation Metrics
	5 Results
		5.1 Binary Classification
		5.2 Multi-class Classification
	6 Conclusion
	References
AI-Assisted English Language Learning and Teaching in a Developing Country: An Investigation of ESl Student’s Beliefs and Challenges
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Face and Eye Detection Using Skin Color and Viola-Jones Detector
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 The Steps of the Proposed Method
		3.1 Faces Detection
		3.2 Eyes Detection
	4 Experimental Results
		4.1 Simulation
		4.2 Complex Images
	5 Conclusion
	References
Intrusion Detection System, a New Approach to R2L and U2R Attack Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Background
		3.1 Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)
		3.2 Feature Selection: Shap Values
		3.3 NSLKDD Data Set
	4 Proposed Approach and the Experimental Results
		4.1 Datasets Preprocessing
		4.2 Feature Selection: Shap Value
		4.3 Experimental Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
An Enhanced Internet of Medical Things Data Communication Based on Blockchain and Cryptography for Smart Healthcare Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 The Five (5) Entities that Made up the Framework and Their Respective Roles Are Listed Below
	3 Experimental Results
		3.1 The Comparison of Both Encryption and Decryption Performance
	4 Conclusion
	References
Prediction of Student’s Academic Performance Using Learning Analytics
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Materials and Methods
		3.1 Statistical Analysis
		3.2 Evaluation Metrics
		3.3 Clustering Model
	4 Results and Discussions
		4.1 Stage 1: Regression Analysis Modelling
		4.2 Linear Regression Model
		4.3 Stage 2: Clustering Modelling
		4.4 Regression Analysis of Individual Clusters
	5 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Study for Predicting Melanoma Skin Cancer Using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Classification Algorithms
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Method
		2.1 The Stages Below Provide the Methodological Details:
		2.2 Dataset
		2.3 Model Evaluation of Algorithm
	3 Result and Discussion
		3.1 Loading the Dataset
		3.2 Data Pre-Processing
		3.3 Support Vector Machine Classifier
		3.4 SVM Using Linear Discriminant Analysis
		3.5 K-Nearest Neighbour Classifier
		3.6 K-NN using Linear Discriminant Analysis
		3.7 Performance Metrics Evaluation
	4 Conclusion
	References
Representation of a GED Functionality in the Transformation of the BPMN Model to the UML Model Using the MDA Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 EDM Overview
		2.2 MDA
		2.3 BPMN Standard
	3 Proposed Approach
		3.1 Use Case Study on the Process of Digitization by the BPMN
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Comprehensive Performance Analysis of Pretrained Transfer Learning Models for Date Palm Disease Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methods and Experiments
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Transfer Learning
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Risks of Energy-Oriented Attacks on Mobile Devices
	1 Introduction
	2 Exploration of the Potential Attack: Denial of Energy Service (DoES)
	3 Energy Malware
	4 Defense Approach
	5 Conclusion
	References
Solar Irradiation Prediction and Artificial Intelligence for Energy Efficiency in Sustainable Buildings, Case of Errachidia, Morocco
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Enhancing Conducted EMI Mitigation in Boost Converters: A Comparative Study of ZVS and ZCS Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 The Boost Converter: Modeling and Practical Implementation
	3 Soft Switching Approach for the Boost Converter
		3.1 Soft Switching: ZVS
		3.2 Soft Switching: ZCS
	4 Simulation Results and Discussion
		4.1 Conducted Electromagnetic Interference Measurement in a Boost Converter
	5 Conclusion
	References
On the Finitude of the Tower of Quadratic Number Fields
	1 Introduction
	2 Useful Results
	3 Some Number Fields with Infinite HCFT and Finite r-HCFT for All Prime r
	4 Numerical Examples
	References
Miniaturized 2.45 GHz Metamaterial Antenna
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design Methodology
		2.1 Design of the 3.6 GHz Conventional Patch Antenna
		2.2 Design and Study of the SRR Unit Metamaterial Unit Cell
		2.3 Design of the Metamaterial Antenna
	3 Simulation Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Miniaturized Dual Band Antenna for WLAN Services
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design Methodology
		2.1 Design of the 3.6 GHz Conventional Patch Antenna
		2.2 Design of the Metamaterial Antenna
	3 Simulation Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Sentiment Analysis by Deep Learning Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Methodology
		3.1 Datasets
		3.2 Preprocessing
		3.3 AraBERT
		3.4 AraBERT CNN Architecture
		3.5 AraBERT Recurrent Neural Networks Architecture
	4 Experiment and Results
		4.1 Simulation and Hyperparameters
		4.2 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Examples of Diophantine Equations
	1 Introduction
	2 Local Method for Resolving a Diophantine Equation
		2.1 Introductory Examples
		2.2 Recalls on Z p
		2.3 New Examples by Local Method
	3 Examples of Diophantine Equations
		3.1 Method Using Geometrical Arguments
		3.2 Methods Derived from Algebraic Number Theory Arguments
	References
Query Optimization Using Indexation Techniques in Datawarehouse: Survey and Use Cases
	1 Introduction
	2 Query Optimization Problem in Datawarehouse
	3 Related Works
	4 Experimental Result: Views and Interpretations
	5 Conclusion
	References
Virtual Machine Selection in Mobile Edge Computing: Computing Resources Efficiency
	1 Introduction and Literature
	2 Energy-Based VM Selection Approaches in MEC
	3 Simulation and Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Efficient Virtual Machine Selection for Improved Performance in Mobile Edge Computing Environments
	1 Introduction
	2 VM Selection Approaches in Mobile Edge Computing
	3 Simulation and Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
A First Order Sliding Mode Control of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine
	1 Introduction
	2 Application of Sliding Mode Controller to PMSM
	3 Simulation Results of Sliding Mode Controller and Classical PI Controller
	4 Conclusion
	References
Optimized Schwarz and Finite Volume Cell-Centered Method for Heterogeneous Problems
	1 Introduction and Problem Definition
	2 Schwarz Waveform Relaxation Algorithm
	3 Optimal Transmission Conditions
	4 Numerical Experiments
		4.1 Test Case 1: Transport of an Inert Solute on the Global Domain
		4.2 Test Case 2: The Nonoverlapping OSWR
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Maximum Power Point Tracking Using P&O Method for System Photovoltaic
	1 Introduction
	2 Modeling of the Photovoltaic System
	3 Simulation Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Review of Non-linear Control Methods for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSMs)
	1 Introduction
	2 Non-linear Control Techniques
		2.1 Sliding Mode Control (SMC)
		2.2 Adaptive Control
		2.3 Neural Network Control
		2.4 Feedback Linearization Control
		2.5 Backstepping Control
	3 Case Studies
		3.1 Electric Vehicle Propulsion System
		3.2 Wind Turbine Generator
	4 Advantages and Limitations
	5 Conclusion
	References
Wavelet-Based Denoising of 1-D ECG Signals: Performance Evaluation
	1 Introduction
	2 Discrete Wavelet Transforms (DWT)
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Global Algorithm
		3.2 Mathematical Model
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
The Effect of Employment Mobility and Spatial Proximity on the Residential Attractiveness of Moroccan Small’s Cities: Evidence from Quantile Regression Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Data and Methods
		2.1 Target Population, Definition of Small City
		2.2 List of Variables
	3 Results
		3.1 Estimation
		3.2 Quantile Regression Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Detection and Classification of Logos and Trademarks from Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Materials and Methods
		3.1 Logos Detection Approaches
		3.2 Dataset
		3.3 Evaluation Metrics
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Skin Lesion Classification Based on Vision Transformer (ViT)
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 The Proposed Approach
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Early Detection of Breast Cancer Based on Patient Symptom Data Using Naive Bayes Algorithm on Genomic Data
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Method
		2.1 Data Collection
		2.2 Naive Bayes Algorithm
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Research Datasets
		3.2 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Information Visualization of Research Evolution on Innovation in Local Wisdom: A Decade Bibliometric Analysis Using the Scopus Database
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Method
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Publications and Citations
		3.2 Visualization Topics Use VoS Viewer
	4 Conclusion and Suggestions
	References
Prediction of Kidney Disease Progression Using K-Means Algorithm Approach on Histopathology Data
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Method
		2.1 K-Means Algorithm
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Datasets
		3.2 Results
		3.3 Discussion
	4 Results and Discussion
	References
Visualizing Trends in Tourism Entertainment Researches: Bibliometric Analysis Using the Scopus Database
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Method
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Publications and Citations
		3.2 Visualization Using VoS Viewer
	4 Conclusions and Recommendations
	References
Marketing Based on the Digitalization of Customer Relations: A Priority Orientation for Better Management of Companies’ Financial Resources
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review on Digital Marketing
		2.1 The Opportunities of Digital Marketing
		2.2 The Threats of Digital Marketing
	3 Research Methodology
	4 Analysis and Discussion of the Main Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Deep Feature-Based Matching of High-Resolution Multitemporal Images Using VGG16 and VGG19 Algorithms
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Feature Extraction with VGG16 Model
		3.2 Feature Extraction with VGG19 Model
		3.3 Feature Matching
	4 Experimental Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Enhancing Solar Power Generation Through Threshold-Based Anomaly Detection in Errachidia, Morocco
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Data Source
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Data Preprocessing and Feature Selection
		4.2 Anomaly Detection
		4.3 Threshold Definition and Quality Level Classification
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Review: Leadership Styles in the Context of Smart Environments
	1 Introduction
	2 Leadership Styles
	3 Comparative Analysis
	4 Conclusion and Future Trends
	References
Leading with Intelligence: Harnessing Machine Learning for Effective Leadership
	1 Introduction
	2 The Role of Machine Learning in Enhancing Leadership Effectiveness
	3 Real-World Examples of Machine Learning Applications in Leadership
	4 Ethical Issues with Machine Learning in Leadership
	5 Trends and Transformation
	6 Conclusion
	References
TempoJCM++: An Extension of TempoJCM to Support Schema Change Modeling
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Motivation
	3 Extending TempoJCM to Support Future Schema Change Modeling: TempoJCM++
	4 Conclusion
	References
Analyzing the Shortest Path in a 3D Object Using a Reinforcement Learning Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Outline
		2.1 Methodology
		2.2 The Difference Between Dijkstra and A*
	3 Reinforcement Learning
		3.1 The Principle of Reinforcement Learning in Our Project
	4 Learning Algorithms
		4.1 Q-learning
		4.2 SARSA
		4.3 Comparison Between Q-learning and SARSA in Our Mesh.
	5 Conclusion and Discussion
	References
A New Fast Algorithm for Computation of log ( 2 ) on Finite Fermat Fields
	1 Introduction and Notations
	2 Computation of logw (2)
	3 Implementation
	References
Author Index