Human Minds and Cultures

Preface
Contents
Contributors
Human Minds and Cultures: An Introduction
	Synchronizing Mind and Content
	Reviving Cultures
	References
Thoughts on Morality and Culture
	References
Values and Cultures
	Pretending to Defend Cultural Relativism
	Problems with Cultural Relativism
	Cultural Differences
	Product of Culture
	No Neutral Standpoint
	Logic, Cultural Values, and Consistency
	Logic, Cultural Values, and Reasoning
	A Broader Consistency Norm
	The Golden Rule
	Three Technical GR Distinctions
	Practical Reason and Biology
	Metaethics and Objectivity
	Religion, Ethics, and GR
	My Ethics Teaching in America and China
	References
Clashes of Culture
	References
Hatred: Why Do Such Nice People Do Such Awful Things?
	Killer Apes
	Prejudice
	Hunter-Gatherers: War
	Hunter-Gatherers: Prejudice
	Reversal? War
	Reversal? Prejudice
	Envoi
	References
Neoliberalism, Globalization and Discrimination in the Twenty-First Century: Issues, Challenges and Limitations of Habermas’ Reason-Based Theory of Liberal Democracy in Current Times
	Introduction
	The Nature of Discrimination
		Discrimination Against Groups Who Claim Substantive Equality with Dominant Groups in Society
		Discrimination Against Groups Who Claim Equal but Different Status
		Discrimination: Slippery Slopes or Distinct Forms of Arbitrary Bias or Discrimination
	Habermas’ Theory of Deliberative Democracy
		Communication, Equality, Understanding (of Self and Others), Adjudication and Validity Claims
		Limitations of the Theory
	The Mobs
		The Issue with Globalization, Neoliberalism and the Mobs
		Other Forms of Discrimination and Habermas’ Theory
	Conclusion
	References
Legal Emotions: Why Affect Matters for Law
	Introduction
	Legal Theory: From Sanction to Obligation
	A Global Puzzle: Legal Transplantation
	Sticky Institutions: An Affective Phenomenon?
	Taking Affect Seriously
	An Emerging Field?
	References
The Epistemic Argument for Hedonism
	The Argument from Disagreement [1]
	There Is Widespread Moral Disagreement [2]
	If There Is Widespread Error About a Topic, We Should Retain Only Those Beliefs About It Formed Through Reliable Processes [3]
	If There Is Widespread Error About Morality, There Are No Actual Reliable Processes for Forming Moral Beliefs [4]
	Phenomenal Introspection Reveals Pleasure’s Goodness [5]
	Pleasure’s Goodness Is Moral Value [6]
	Conclusion [7]
	References
The Interpreting Mind and Meaning-Formation: A Relational Critique of Lyotard and Ricœur
	Prelude
	The Order of Jouissance
	Relational Understanding
	References
Recurring Dilemmas on Other Minds
	Triggering Mind
	An Omnibus of Other Minds
	Dilemmas and Way Out
	References
References