How Business Works: The Facts Visually Explained

Contents
Introduction
HOW COMPANIES WORK
	Business ownership
		Sole proprietorships and partnerships
		Limiting liability
		Private and public companies
		Multinationals
		Franchises
		Not-for-profit
	Start-ups
		Start-ups from concept to launch
		Types of start-up
		Business plans
		Raising money
		Business accelerators and incubators
	Buying & selling businesses
		Mergers and acquisitions
		Divestitures
		Vertical vs. horizontal integration
		Management buy-ins and buyouts
	Who’s who
		Board of directors
		Company hierarchy
		Stakeholders
		Business cultures
	Corporate structure
		Functional structure
		Divisional structure
		Matrix structure
		Network structure
		Team-based structure
	Human resources
		The human resources cycle
		Recruitment and selection
		Evaluating staff
		Motivation and rewards
		Leadership strategy and styles
		Leadership for team building
		Employee relations and communications
		Project management
		Negotiating strategy
		Flexible working
HOW FINANCE WORKS
	Financial reporting
		The accounting cycle
		Financial statements
	Financial accounting
		Profit and loss statement
		Balance sheet
		Cash-flow statement
		Environmental accounting
		Depreciation
		Amortization and depletion
	Management accounting
		Cash flow
		Budgets
		Assets and inventory
		Costs
		Product costing and pricing
	Measuring performance
		Key performance indicators (KPIs)
		Financial ratios
		Forecasting
		Tracking fraud
	Raising financing
		Internal financing
		External financing
		Going public
		Shares and dividends
		The capital market
		Gearing ratio and financial risk
HOW SALES AND MARKETING WORKS
	Marketing mix
		Product
		Product positioning
		Product life cycle
		Price
		Place
		Promotion
		Market research
		Market segmentation
	Marketing approaches
		Niche vs. mass marketing
		Traditional marketing
		Digital marketing
		Engagement marketing
		Sensory marketing
		Relationship marketing
	Outbound marketing
		Traditional offline advertising
		Online advertising
		Direct mail
		Telemarketing
	Inbound marketing
		Outbound vs. inbound marketing
		Blogging
		Social media marketing
		Search engine optimization (SEO)
	Business development
		Branding and rebranding
		Lead generation
		Lead conversion
		Customer retention
		Return on marketing investment (ROMI)
		Intellectual capital
	Information management
		Business intelligence
		Business analytics
		Marketing and IT
		Collecting consumer data
		Data warehousing
		Customer profiling
		Big data
		Customer relationship management (CRM)
		Compliance
HOW OPERATIONS AND PRODUCTION WORK
	Manufacturing and production
		Job production
		Batch production
		Flow production
		Continuous production
		Hybrid processes
	Management
		Economies and diseconomies of scale
		Lean production
		Just-in-time
		Total quality management
		Time-based management
		Agile production
		Kaizen
	Product
		New product development
		Innovation and invention
		Design
		Quality management
		Product-process matrix
	Control
		Managing capacity
		Inventory
		Quality control
		Six Sigma
	Supply chain
		Value chain
		Outsourcing
		Offshoring
		Reverse supply chain
		Benchmarking
		Corporate social responsibility
Resources
Index
Acknowledgments