Hormones, signals, and target cells in plant development

Half-title......Page 3
Series-title......Page 5
Title......Page 7
Copyright......Page 8
Contents......Page 9
Preface......Page 13
1 Introduction......Page 15
Cells, simple and complex tissues......Page 17
How are signals defined?......Page 18
Cell and tissue \'sensitivity\' to signal inputs......Page 19
Auxin biosynthesis......Page 20
Auxin conjugation......Page 22
Sites of auxin biosynthesis and transport......Page 23
Gibberellin biosynthesis......Page 24
Cytokinins......Page 25
Abscisic acid (ABA)......Page 28
Ethylene......Page 31
Brassinosteroids......Page 33
Jasmonates......Page 36
Salicylic acid......Page 39
Nitric Oxide......Page 41
Oligosaccharins......Page 42
Oligogalacturonides (OGAs)......Page 43
Xyloglucan derivatives......Page 44
Arabinogalactan proteins......Page 45
Unconjugated N-glycans......Page 46
Lignans as signalling molecules......Page 47
Systemin......Page 48
Systemin-like peptides......Page 49
RALF peptides......Page 50
CLAVATA peptides......Page 51
Phytosulfokines......Page 52
S-locus cysteine-rich proteins (SCRs)......Page 54
Major and satellite signals......Page 55
3 Cell-to-Cell Signalling: Short and Long Distance......Page 56
Origins of cell-to-cell signalling......Page 57
Meristems......Page 58
Controlling meristem size......Page 63
Other short-distance signals......Page 65
Saccharide-derived signals......Page 68
Lignin-derived signals......Page 74
Long-distance signals......Page 76
Hormones and root-to-shoot signalling......Page 77
Systemin as a long-distance signalling molecule......Page 84
Methylsalicylate......Page 88
4 Population Diversity of Cell Types and Target Identification in Higher Plants......Page 90
Evolution of cell types......Page 92
Meristems as stem cells......Page 94
Meristem centres......Page 96
Options for cell enlargement......Page 98
The search for molecular markers......Page 99
Cell performance and ageing in the target state......Page 103
Senescence and cell death......Page 105
Is regeneration possible?......Page 109
5 Flexibility of Cell Types and the Target Cell Status......Page 112
Flexibility in epidermal cells......Page 114
The epidermis as a target tissue – Evidence from experiments  in vitro......Page 116
Epidermal cross-talk......Page 117
Epidermal outgrowths – Trichomes......Page 118
Epidermis and shoot elongation......Page 119
Cortical parenchyma cells......Page 121
Aerenchyma......Page 126
Pith parenchyma......Page 127
Lignified cells......Page 129
6 Terminally Committed Cell Types and the Target Status......Page 131
Statocytes......Page 132
Abscission cells......Page 139
The aleurone......Page 145
Stomata......Page 152
Trichomes......Page 156
Vascular tissue......Page 157
7 The Mechanisms of Target Cell Perception and Response to Specific Signals......Page 160
The emergence of the receptor concept in higher plants......Page 161
Identification and characterisation of auxin binding proteins......Page 162
Aux/IAA proteins and auxin action at the gene level......Page 171
How does auxin exert its cellular effects on target tissues – A working model......Page 175
Evidence that receptor proteins perceive ethylene......Page 177
Characterisation of ETR function......Page 179
Evidence that the expression of receptors is developmentally regulated in plant tissues......Page 186
Does receptor abundance confer a target status to the cell?......Page 189
Cytokinin perception in the context of receptors and target cells......Page 193
Identification and characterisation of cytokinin receptors and their downstream elements......Page 195
Response elements and modulating the cytokinin input......Page 198
A model for cytokinin signalling in plants......Page 199
Summary of the candidates for gibberellin binding proteins and receptors......Page 201
GA perception and signalling......Page 202
The role of the DELLA protein in regulating the GA response......Page 203
Perception of the brassinosteroids......Page 206
A molecular model of plant hormone action and the target cell concept......Page 210
9 The Phenomenon of Hormonal Cross-Talk......Page 212
Concluding remarks......Page 215
References......Page 219
Index......Page 263