Historical Linguistics 2003: International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Copenhagen, 11-15 August 2003

HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS 2003......Page 2
Editorial page......Page 3
Title page......Page 4
LCC data......Page 5
Table of contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 8
1. Introduction......Page 12
2. Chronology......Page 13
3. Case marking in Middle Low German and ways of marking morphological case in NPs......Page 14
4. The borrowing hierarchy......Page 20
5. Typological and areal perspectives on the development of case marking......Page 22
6. Concluding remarks......Page 24
Notes......Page 25
References......Page 27
1. Introduction......Page 32
2. The languages and their historical development......Page 33
3. The fronting of *o (< *u) to KB e......Page 35
4. The raising of *a to KB e......Page 38
5. Conclusion......Page 39
References......Page 40
1. Introduction......Page 42
2. The Danish at-nci-nexus constructions......Page 43
3. Predicative vs. non-predicative verbs......Page 44
4.1. Raising verbs......Page 46
4.2. Auxiliaries......Page 47
5. Raising verbs vs. auxiliaries - a diachronic hypothesis......Page 50
6. Conclusion......Page 54
Notes......Page 55
References......Page 56
1.1. Status quæstionis......Page 58
2.1. Forms with final etymological -i (< I)......Page 61
2.2. Forms with final ``non-etymological'' -i (< E; I)......Page 63
3. Conclusions: Towards a sociolinguistic reconstruction......Page 66
Notes......Page 68
References......Page 70
1. Introduction......Page 72
2. History of the copula in English......Page 73
3.2. Influence from AAVE......Page 75
4. Other Southern American copula studies......Page 76
5.2. Age......Page 78
5.3. Gender......Page 79
5.5. Linguistic environments - Absence only......Page 80
6. African-American Influence......Page 81
Notes......Page 82
References......Page 83
2. Change in the English stress system......Page 86
3. An early generative account: Halle & Keyser (1971)......Page 87
4.1. Old English stress (Dresher & Lahiri 1991)......Page 90
4.2. Middle English stress......Page 92
4.4. Changes in direction of parsing and main stress......Page 93
Note......Page 95
References......Page 96
1. Introduction......Page 98
2. Researching word order competition......Page 99
3. Dialect input into London sociolects......Page 102
4. Findings in close-up......Page 104
5. Word order competition in East Anglia......Page 105
6. The London sociolects and the emerging standard......Page 106
7. Reprofiling Geoffrey Chaucer......Page 107
8. Variation and accommodation in John Capgrave......Page 108
9. Geoffrey Chaucer's audiences......Page 110
References......Page 111
2. Confusion of sibilants......Page 114
3. Analogy with reflexive se......Page 116
5. Phonological concomitants of grammaticalization......Page 117
6. The change ge > se due to qualitative reduction......Page 118
7. Textual evidence......Page 119
8. Summary and conclusions......Page 122
References......Page 123
Appendix: Sources of texts used in the study......Page 125
1. Copular/auxiliary polysemy in Chukchi......Page 126
2. Copulas and auxiliaries in Itelmen......Page 128
3. Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan reconstructions......Page 130
4. The missing `have' equivalent in Itelmen......Page 132
5. `Have' vs. `be' constructions in Chukotko-Kamchatkan......Page 135
Notes......Page 138
References......Page 140
Grammaticalisation and Latin......Page 142
Conclusions......Page 147
Notes......Page 148
References......Page 149
2.1. Antecedent and subsequent roles......Page 152
2.3. Purpose and beneficiary......Page 154
3. Types of cause, purpose, and beneficiary expressions in Ancient Greek......Page 155
3.2. Purpose and beneficiary as location......Page 156
3.3. Cause as source/origin......Page 157
3.4. Cause as location......Page 158
3.5. Cause, reason, and purpose......Page 160
4. Byzantine Greek......Page 161
5. Modern Greek......Page 162
6. Discussion......Page 164
7. Cause, purpose, and beneficiary in Latin......Page 165
8. Summary and conclusions......Page 166
Abbreviations......Page 167
References......Page 168
2.1. Lat. et as a discourse marker......Page 170
2.2. Lat. sic as adverb and/or conjunction......Page 172
3.1. French et......Page 173
3.2. French si......Page 175
4. Old Romanian e versus si......Page 176
4.1. Old Romanian e......Page 177
4.2. Si in Old Romanian......Page 179
5.1. The competition between e and si......Page 181
5.2. e versus iara......Page 183
6. Conclusions......Page 184
Notes......Page 185
Sources......Page 186
References......Page 187
1. The phenomenon......Page 190
2. The aim......Page 192
3.1. Objects: The evidence......Page 193
3.2. Verbs......Page 199
4. Summary......Page 204
Notes......Page 205
a) Corpus......Page 206
1. Introduction......Page 210
2. The construction of reflexivity and intensification......Page 212
2.1. The meaning of reflexivity and intensification......Page 214
2.2. The clitic argument structure construction in Spanish......Page 215
3. The empirical method: varying token ratio......Page 217
4. General data on the historical change......Page 218
6. Interpreting the data......Page 220
6.1. A paradigmatic interpretation......Page 221
6.2. A syntagmatic explanation: Reanalysis......Page 226
Notes......Page 230
References......Page 232
1. Introduction......Page 236
3. From adjective to adverb......Page 237
4. From adverb to conditional subordinator......Page 239
5. Some other relevant grams......Page 242
6.1. The semantic aspects of the proposed path of change......Page 244
6.2. The syntactic aspects of the proposed path of change......Page 245
6.3. The mechanisms of change......Page 246
Notes......Page 247
References......Page 248
1. Introduction: aim and focus......Page 252
2. The binary weight distinction......Page 253
3. Early runic evidence......Page 254
4. Rhythmic-metrical deletion versus phonetic reduction......Page 255
5.1. Latin......Page 257
5.2. Modern Norwegian......Page 258
5.3. Modern Standard German......Page 259
6. Nordic prefix loss as a Prosodic Repair Strategy......Page 260
7. Conclusion......Page 262
Notes......Page 263
References......Page 264
1. Introduction......Page 268
2. Lär as a grammaticalized item in Contemporary Swedish......Page 269
3. Previous research and proposals on the origin of lär......Page 271
4.1. Phonological discussions regarding the origin of epistemic lär......Page 272
4.2. The origin of the epistemic lär: Semantic considerations......Page 274
5.1. The suggested derivation from låta/lata `seem, appear'......Page 276
5.2. Possible development of epistemic lär from complex sentences with deontic and epistemic implication......Page 278
6. Discussions regarding sentence structures and theta-roles......Page 281
7. The development of lär in Modern Swedish......Page 283
8. Summary and conclusions......Page 285
References......Page 286
Appendix: Excerpted literature......Page 288
1.1. Passive constructions in Spanish?......Page 290
1.2. Ir + past participle......Page 291
2. Diachronic analysis......Page 292
2.1. Grammaticalisation criteria: Grammar......Page 293
2.2. Grammaticalisation criteria: Semantics......Page 297
3. Modern use......Page 299
4. The diachronic development of the middle meaning......Page 303
5. The accumulative meaning......Page 304
6. Conclusion......Page 305
References......Page 306
Appendix 1......Page 308
Appendix 2......Page 309
Appendix 3......Page 311
2. Definitions of aspect......Page 312
3. The development of aspect......Page 313
4. Verb types and aspect markers......Page 314
5. Continuous aspect......Page 316
6. Japanese......Page 317
7.1. Newar......Page 320
7.2. Parji......Page 321
7.3. Korean......Page 322
8. Conclusion......Page 323
Notes......Page 324
References......Page 325
Index......Page 328
The series CURRENT ISSUES IN LINGUISTIC THEORY......Page 331