Hermaphroditism and Mating Systems in Fish

Preface
	References
Contents
Contributors
Chapter 1: Evolution of Hermaphroditism in Fishes: Phylogeny and Theory
	1.1 Types and Frequencies of Hermaphroditism in Fishes
	1.2 Phylogeny of Hermaphroditic Fishes and Their Habitat
	1.3 Theories for the Evolution of Hermaphroditism
	1.4 Mating System and Social Control of Sex Change
	1.5 Physiological Mechanisms of Sex Change
	1.6 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 2: Simultaneous Hermaphroditism in Fishes
	2.1 What Is Simultaneous Hermaphroditism?
	2.2 Evolutionary Theory for Simultaneous Hermaphroditism
	2.3 Deep-Sea Aulopiforms
	2.4 Self-Fertilization and Androdioecy in Killifishes
	2.5 Hermaphroditism and Egg Trading in Serranids
	2.6 Other Taxa
	2.7 Future Research Directions
	2.8 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 3: Protandry in Fishes
	3.1 Evolution of Protandry and Types of Sexual Patterns
	3.2 Anemonefish (Amphiprion; Pomacentridae)
		3.2.1 Mating System and Proximate Cause of Sex Change
		3.2.2 Why Monogamy?
		3.2.3 Non-size Assortative Monogamy and Evolution of Protandry
		3.2.4 Mating System and Sexual Pattern in High-Density Populations
	3.3 Flatheads (Platycephalidae)
	3.4 Seabreams (Sparidae)
	3.5 Plasticity of Sexual Patterns in the Protandrous Fishes
	3.6 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 4: Protogyny in Fishes
	4.1 History of the Study of Protogynous Sex Change in Fish Biology
	4.2 Mating Systems of Protogynous Fishes
		4.2.1 Harem Polygyny
			4.2.1.1 Cohabiting Female-Type Harem
			4.2.1.2 Territorial Female-Type Harem
			4.2.1.3 Aggregating Female-Type Harem
		4.2.2 Male Territory-Visiting Polygamy
		4.2.3 Monogamy
		4.2.4 Spawning Aggregation
	4.3 Monandry and Diandry
	4.4 Adaptive Significance of Protogyny Explained by the Size-Advantage Model
	4.5 Social Control of Sex Change: Broad Occurrence of Takeover Sex Change
	4.6 Alternative Examples of Protogynous Sex Change
		4.6.1 Bachelor Sex Change
		4.6.2 Harem-Fission Sex Change
		4.6.3 Females´ Tactics for Faster Acquisition of Sex Change Opportunity
	4.7 Individual-Level Process of Takeover Sex Change After Male Loss
	4.8 Future Research Directions
	4.9 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 5: Bidirectional Sex Change in Fishes
	5.1 New Prospects Opened by the Discovery of Bidirectional Sex Change
	5.2 Distribution of Bidirectional Sex Change Among Teleost Fishes
	5.3 Bidirectional Sex Change Recorded in Aquaria
	5.4 Bidirectional Sex Change in Monogamous Fish
	5.5 Reversed Sex Change in Haremic Fish
		5.5.1 Social Conditions and Adaptive Significance of Bidirectional Sex Change in Haremic Fish
		5.5.2 Low-Density Hypothesis for Reversed Sex Change
	5.6 Bidirectional Sex Change in Male-Territory-Visiting (MTV) Polygamy
	5.7 Future Research Directions
	5.8 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 6: Database of Hermaphroditic Fish Species and References
	Appendix Database of Hermaphroditic Fish Species
	References