Head and Neck Reconstructive Surgery: A Comprehensive Clinical Case Guide

Foreword 1
Foreword 2
Foreword 3
Acknowledgements
Contents
Part I: Pedicle Flaps
	1: Facial Artery Myomucosal (FAMM) Flap
		1.1	 Clinical Case 1: Lateral Floor of the Mouth and Marginal Mandibulectomy Defect
			1.1.1	 Treatment
			1.1.2	 Flap Choice
			1.1.3	 Disadvantages
		1.2	 Clinical Case 2: Lateral Floor of the Mouth Defect
			1.2.1	 Treatment
			1.2.2	 Flap Choice
			1.2.3	 Disadvantages
		1.3	 Clinical Case 3: Oral and Base of the Tongue Defect
			1.3.1	 Treatment
			1.3.2	 Flap Choice
			1.3.3	 Disadvantages
	2: Submental Flap
		2.1	 Clinical Case 4: Bilateral Parotid Skin Defect
			2.1.1	 Treatment
			2.1.2	 Flap Choice
			2.1.3	 Disadvantage
		2.2	 Clinical Case 5: Anterior Floor of the Mouth
			2.2.1	 Treatment
			2.2.2	 Flap Choice
			2.2.3	 Disadvantages
	3: Frontotemporal Fasciocutaneous Island Flap
		3.1	 Clinical Case 6: Retromolar Defect
			3.1.1	 Treatment
			3.1.2	 Flap Choice
			3.1.3	 Disadvantages
		3.2	 Clinical Case 7: Soft Palate Defect
			3.2.1	 Treatment
			3.2.2	 Flap Choice
			3.2.3	 Disadvantages
	4: Bipedicled Temporoparietal Fasciocutaneous Flap
		4.1	 Clinical Case 8: Scalp Defect
			4.1.1	 Treatment
			4.1.2	 Flap Choice
			4.1.3	 Disadvantages
		4.2	 Clinical Case 9: Scalp and Duramater Defect
			4.2.1	 Treatment
			4.2.2	 Flap Choice
			4.2.3	 Disadvantages
	5: Temporal Fascia Flap
		5.1	 Clinical Case 10: Helix Defect
			5.1.1	 Treatment
			5.1.2	 Flap Choice
			5.1.3	 Disadvantages
	6: Bilobed Cervicofacial Flap
		6.1	 Clinical Case 11: Temporozigomatic Skin Defect
			6.1.1	 Treatment
			6.1.2	 Flap Choice
			6.1.3	 Disadvantages
		6.2	 Clinical Case 12: Temporozigomatic Skin Defect
			6.2.1	 Treatment
			6.2.2	 Flap Choice
			6.2.3	 Disadvantages
		6.3	 Clinical Case 13: Parotid-Zigomatic Skin Defect
			6.3.1	 Treatment
			6.3.2	 Flap Choice
			6.3.3	 Disadvantages
	7: Deltopectoral Flap
		7.1	 Clinical Case 14: Cervical Skin Defect
			7.1.1	 Treatment
			7.1.2	 Flap Choice
			7.1.3	 Disadvantages
		7.2	 Clinical Case 15: Cervical Skin Defect
			7.2.1	 Treatment
			7.2.2	 Flap Choice
			7.2.3	 Disadvantages
	8: Internal Mammary Artery Perforator (IMAP) Flap
		8.1	 Clinical Case 16: Cervicothoracic Skin Defect
			8.1.1	 Treatment
			8.1.2	 Flap Choice
			8.1.3	 Disadvantages
		8.2	 Clinical Case 17: Cervicothoracic Skin Defect
			8.2.1	 Treatment
			8.2.2	 Flap Choice
			8.2.3	 Disadvantages
	9: Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap
		9.1	 Clinical Case 18: Base of the Tongue and Pharynx Lateral Wall Defect
			9.1.1	 Treatment
			9.1.2	 Flap Choice
			9.1.3	 Disadvantages
		9.2	 Clinical Case 19: Base of the Tongue, Pharynx Lateral Wall, and Maxillary Defect
			9.2.1	 Treatment
			9.2.2	 Flap Choice
			9.2.3	 Disadvantages
	10: Supraclavicular Flap
		10.1	 Clinical Case 20: Supraclavicular Skin Defect
			10.1.1	 Treatment
			10.1.2	 Flap Choice
			10.1.3	 Disadvantages
		10.2	 Clinical Case 21: Anterior Cervical Skin Defect
			10.2.1	 Treatment
			10.2.2	 Flap Choice
			10.2.3	 Disadvantages
	11: Combined Serratus Anterior and Latissimus Dorsi Myocutaneous Flap
		11.1	 Clinical Case 22: Large Dorso-Cervicothoracic Skin Defect
			11.1.1	 Treatment
			11.1.2	 Flap Choice
			11.1.3	 Disadvantages
	12: Trapezius Myocutaneous Flap
		12.1	 Clinical Case 23: Large Cervicothoracic Skin Defect
			12.1.1	 Treatment
			12.1.2	 Flap Choice
			12.1.3	 Disadvantage
	13: Scapular Osteomyocutaneous Pedicle Flap
		13.1	 Clinical Case 24: Composite Oromandibular and Skin Defect
			13.1.1	 Treatment
			13.1.2	 Flap Choice
			13.1.3	 Disadvantages
	14: Thoracodorsal Perforator (TDAP) Pedicle Flap
		14.1	 Clinical Case 25: Supraclavicular Skin Defect
			14.1.1	 Treatment
			14.1.2	 Choice of Flap
			14.1.3	 Disadvantages
		14.2	 Clinical Case 26: Supraclavicular Skin Defect
			14.2.1	 Treatment
			14.2.2	 Flap Choice
			14.2.3	 Disadvantages
	15: Fascicular Turnover Flap of the Facial Nerve
		15.1	 Clinical Case 27: Facial Nerve Inferior Trunk Defect
			15.1.1	 Treatment
			15.1.2	 Flap Choice
			15.1.3	 Disadvantages
		15.2	 Clinical Case 28: Facial Nerve Inferior Trunk Defect
			15.2.1	 Treatment
			15.2.2	 Flap Choice
			15.2.3	 Disadvantages
Part II: Microsurgical Flaps
	16: Forearm Flap
		16.1	 Clinical Case 29: Hard and Soft Palate Defect
			16.1.1	 Treatment
			16.1.2	 Flap Choice
			16.1.3	 Disadvantages
			16.1.4	 Progress
			16.1.5	 Treatment
			16.1.6	 Flap Choice
			16.1.7	 Disadvantages
		16.2	 Clinical Case 30: Soft Palate Defect
			16.2.1	 Treatment
			16.2.2	 Flap Choice
			16.2.3	 Disadvantages
		16.3	 Clinical Case 31: Anterior Wall of the Maxillary Sinus, Lower Lid, and Maxillary Skin Defect
			16.3.1	 Treatment
			16.3.2	 Flap Choice
			16.3.3	 Disadvantages
		16.4	 Clinical Case 32: Oral Tongue and Floor of the Mouth Defect
			16.4.1	 Treatment
			16.4.2	 Flap Choice
			16.4.3	 Disadvantages
		16.5	 Clinical Case 33: Tridimensional Facial Skin Defect
			16.5.1	 Treatment
			16.5.2	 Flap Choice
			16.5.3	 Disadvantages
		16.6	 Clinical Case 34: Anterior Oral Tongue and Floor of the Mouth Defect
			16.6.1	 Treatment
			16.6.2	 Flap Choice
			16.6.3	 Disadvantages
		16.7	 Clinical Case 35: Anterior Oral Tongue and Floor of the Mouth Defect
			16.7.1	 Treatment
			16.7.2	 Flap Choice
			16.7.3	 Disadvantages
		16.8	 Clinical Case 36: Total Nasal Defect
			16.8.1	 Treatment
			16.8.2	 Flap Choice
			16.8.3	 Disadvantages
		16.9	 Clinical Case 37: Retromolar Defect
			16.9.1	 Treatment
			16.9.2	 Flap Choice
			16.9.3	 Disadvantages
		16.10	 Clinical Case 38: Cheek Defect
			16.10.1 Treatment
			16.10.2 Flap Choice
			16.10.3 Disadvantages
		16.11	 Clinical Case 39: Orbital Medial Cantus Defect
			16.11.1 Biopsy Result
			16.11.2 Treatment
			16.11.3 Flap Choice
			16.11.4 Disadvantages
		16.12	 Clinical Case 40: Orbital Medial Cantus Defect
			16.12.1 Treatment
			16.12.2 Flap Choice
			16.12.3 Disadvantages
		16.13	 Clinical Case 41: Pharyngostoma
			16.13.1 Treatment
			16.13.2 Flap Choice
			16.13.3 Disadvantages
		16.14	 Clinical Case 42: Frontal Skin Defect
			16.14.1 Treatment
			16.14.2 Flap Choice
			16.14.3	 Disadvantages
		16.15	 Clinical Case 43: Facial Skin Defect
			16.15.1 Treatment
			16.15.2 Flap Choice
			16.15.3 Disadvantages
		16.16	 Clinical Case 44: Lower Lid Defect
			16.16.1 Treatment
			16.16.2 Flap Choice
			16.16.3 Disadvantages
		16.17	 Clinical Case 45: Nasal Cavity and Nasal Skin Defect
			16.17.1 Treatment
			16.17.2 Flap Choice
			16.17.3 Disadvantages
	17: Lateral Arm Flap
		17.1	 Clinical Case 46: Oral Tongue Defect
			17.1.1	 Treatment
			17.1.2	 Flap Choice
			17.1.3	 Disadvantages
		17.2	 Clinical Case 47: Partial Pharynx and Skin Defect
			17.2.1	 Treatment
			17.2.2	 Flap Choice
			17.2.3	 Disadvantages
		17.3	 Clinical Case 48: Temporal Skin Defect
			17.3.1	 Treatment
			17.3.2	 Flap Choice
			17.3.3	 Disadvantages
		17.4	 Clinical Case 49: Cheek Mucosal Defect
			17.4.1	 Treatment
			17.4.2	 Flap Choice
			17.4.3	 Disadvantages
		17.5	 Clinical Case 50: Temporal Bone Resection Defect
			17.5.1	 Treatment
			17.5.2	 Flap Choice
			17.5.3	 Disadvantages
		17.6	 Clinical Case 51: Frontal Skin Defect
			17.6.1	 Treatment
			17.6.2	 Flap Choice
			17.6.3	 Disadvantages
		17.7	 Clinical Case 52: Temporo-Parotid Skin Defect
			17.7.1	 Treatment
			17.7.2	 Flap Choice
			17.7.3	 Disadvantages
		17.8	 Clinical Case 53: Hard Palate Defect
			17.8.1	 Treatment
			17.8.2	 Flap Choice
			17.8.3	 Disadvantages
		17.9	 Clinical Case 54: Maxillectomy Defect
			17.9.1	 Treatment
			17.9.2	 Flap Choice
			17.9.3	 Disadvantages
	18: Anterolateral Thigh Flap
		18.1	 Clinical Case 55: Retromolar, Pharynx, and Maxillary Defect
			18.1.1	 Treatment
			18.1.2	 Flap Choice
			18.1.3	 Disadvantages
		18.2	 Clinical Case 56: Retromolar, Pharynx, and Maxillary Defect
			18.2.1	 Treatment
			18.2.2	 Flap Choice
			18.2.3	 Disadvantages
		18.3	 Clinical Case 57: Total Glossolaryngectomy Defect
			18.3.1	 Treatment
			18.3.2	 Flap Choice
			18.3.3	 Disadvantages
		18.4	 Clinical Case 58: Total Hypopharynx Defect
			18.4.1	 Treatment
			18.4.2	 Flap Choice
			18.4.3	 Disadvantages
		18.5	 Clinical Case 59: Partial Hypopharynx Defect
			18.5.1	 Treatment
			18.5.2	 Flap Choice
			18.5.3	 Disadvantages
		18.6	 Clinical Case 60: Total Hypopharynx Defect
			18.6.1	 Treatment
			18.6.2	 Flap Choice
			18.6.3	 Disadvantages
		18.7	 Clinical Case 61: Near Total Glossectomy and Marginal Mandibulectomy Defect
			18.7.1	 Treatment
			18.7.2	 Flap Choice
			18.7.3	 Disadvantages
		18.8	 Clinical Case 62: Soft Palate, Base of the Tongue, Lateral Wall of the Pharynx, and Retromolar Defect
			18.8.1	 Treatment
			18.8.2	 Flap Choice
			18.8.3	 Disadvantages
		18.9	 Clinical Case 63: Temporal Fossa and Dura Mater Defect
			18.9.1	 Treatment
			18.9.2	 Flap Choice
			18.9.3	 Disadvantages
		18.10	 Clinical Case 64: Orbital Exenteration Defect
			18.10.1 Treatment
			18.10.2 Flap Choice
			18.10.3 Disadvantages
		18.11	 Clinical Case 65: Partial Hypopharynx Defect
			18.11.1 Treatment
			18.11.2 Flap Choice
			18.11.3 Disadvantages
		18.12	 Clinical Case 66: Total Glossolaryngo-Pharyngectomy Defect
			18.12.1 Treatment
			18.12.2 Flap Choice
			18.12.3 Disadvantages
		18.13	 Clinical Case 67: Total Maxylectomy Extended to Maxilar Skin Defect
			18.13.1 Treatment
			18.13.2 Flap Choice
			18.13.3 Disadvantages
		18.14	 Clinical Case 68: Radical Cervical Lymphadenectomy Extended to the Skin
			18.14.1 Treatment
			18.14.2 Flap Choice
			18.14.3 Disadvantages
		18.15	 Clinical Case 69: Posterior Wall of the Oro- and Hypopharynx Defect, with Larynx Preservation
			18.15.1 Treatment
			18.15.2 Flap Choice
			18.15.3 Disadvantages
		18.16	 Clinical Case 70: Cervical Skin Defect
			18.16.1 Treatment
			18.16.2 Flap Choice
			18.16.3 Disadvantages
		18.17	 Clinical Case 71: Partial Esophagus Defect
			18.17.1 Treatment
			18.17.2 Flap Choice
			18.17.3 Disadvantages
		18.18	 Clinical Case 72: Cervical Skin and Thoracectomy Defect
			18.18.1 Treatment
			18.18.2 Flap Choice
			18.18.3 Disadvantages
		18.19	 Clinical Case 73: Total Glossectomy, Retromolar and Mandibulectomy Defect
			18.19.1 Treatment
			18.19.2 Flap Choice
			18.19.3 Disadvantages
		18.20	 Clinical Case 74: Cervical Skin Defect
			18.20.1 Treatment
			18.20.2 Flap Choice
			18.20.3 Disadvantages
	19: Fascia Latae Perforator Flap
		19.1	 Clinical Case 75: Complex Composite Oral, Pharyngeal, and Cervical Skin Defect
			19.1.1	 Treatment
			19.1.2	 Flap Choice
			19.1.3	 Disadvantages
	20: Vastus Lateralis Muscle Flap
		20.1	 Clinical Case 76: Maxillectomy Defect
			20.1.1	 Treatment
			20.1.2	 Flap Choice
			20.1.3	 Disadvantages
	21: Osteocutaneous Fibula Free Flap
		21.1	 Clinical Case 77: Marginal Mandibulectomy Defect
			21.1.1	 Treatment
			21.1.2	 Flap Choice
			21.1.3	 Disadvantages
		21.2	 Clinical Case 78: Oral, Segmental Mandibulectomy and Skin Defect
			21.2.1	 Treatment
			21.2.2	 Flap Choice
			21.2.3	 Disadvantages
		21.3	 Clinical Case 79: Oral and Segmental Mandibulectomy Defect
			21.3.1	 Treatment
			21.3.2	 Flap Choice
			21.3.3	 Disadvantages
		21.4	 Clinical Case 80: Near Total Glossectomy, Partial Pharyngectomy, Total Laryngectomy, and Segmental Mandibulectomy Defect
			21.4.1	 Treatment
			21.4.2	 Flap Choice
			21.4.3	 Disadvantages
		21.5	 Clinical Case 81: Total Maxillectomy Defect
			21.5.1	 Treatment
			21.5.2	 Flap Choice
			21.5.3	 Disadvantages
		21.6	 Clinical Case 82: Oral, Segmental Mandibulectomy and Skin Defect
			21.6.1	 Treatment
			21.6.2	 Flap Choice
			21.6.3	 Disadvantages
	22: Latissimus Dorsi Microsurgical Flap
		22.1	 Clinical Case 83: Scalp Defect
			22.1.1	 Treatment
			22.1.2	 Flap Choice
			22.1.3	 Disadvantages
		22.2	 Clinical Case 84: Scalp Defect
			22.2.1	 Treatment
			22.2.2	 Flap Choice
			22.2.3	 Disadvantages
	23: Microsurgical Scapular Flap
		23.1	 Clinical Case 85: Mandibular Osteoradionecrosis
			23.1.1	 Treatment
			23.1.2	 Flap Choice
			23.1.3	 Disadvantages
		23.2	 Clinical Case 86: Mandibular Osteoradionecrosis
			23.2.1	 Treatment
			23.2.2	 Flap Choice
			23.2.3	 Disadvantages
		23.3	 Clinical Case 87: Oral, Segmental Mandibulectomy and Skin Defect
			23.3.1	 Treatment
			23.3.2	 Flap Choice
			23.3.3	 Disadvantages
			23.3.4	 Progress
		23.4	 Clinical Case 88: Oral, Segmental Mandibulectomy and Skin Defect
			23.4.1	 Treatment
			23.4.2	 Flap Choice
			23.4.3	 Disadvantages
		23.5	 Clinical Case 89: Oral, Segmental Mandibulectomy and Skin Defect
			23.5.1	 Treatment
			23.5.2	 Flap Choice
			23.5.3	 Disadvantages
	24: Microsurgical Ear Helix Flap
		24.1	 Clinical Case 90: Nasal Alar Defect
			24.1.1	 Treatment
			24.1.2	 Flap Choice
			24.1.3	 Disadvantages
		24.2	 Clinical Case 91: Nasal Alar Defect
			24.2.1	 Treatment
			24.2.2	 Flap Choice
			24.2.3	 Disadvantages
	25: Gastric Pull Up
		25.1	 Clinical Case 92: Total Laryngopharyngo-Esophagectomy Defect
			25.1.1	 Treatment
			25.1.2	 Flap Choice
			25.1.3	 Disadvantages
			25.1.4	 Progress
			25.1.5	 Treatment
			25.1.6	 Progress
			25.1.7	 Treatment
	26: Supercharged Jejunum Flap
		26.1	 Clinical Case 93: Esophagogastrectomy Defect
			26.1.1	 Treatment
			26.1.2	 Flap Choice
			26.1.3	 Disadvantages
	27: Fasciocutaneous Flap with Vascularized Nerve
		27.1	 Clinical Case 94: Cervical Skin and Marginal Mandibular Nerve Defect—ALTP Flap + Vastus Lateralis Motor Nerve Branch
			27.1.1	 Treatment
			27.1.2	 Flap Choice
			27.1.3	 Disadvantages
		27.2	 Clinical Case 95: Parotid Skin and Facial Nerve Superior Trunk Defect—ALTP Flap + Vastus Lateralis Motor Nerve Branch
			27.2.1	 Treatment
			27.2.2	 Flap Choice
			27.2.3	 Disadvantages
		27.3	 Clinical Case 96: Cervical Skin and Facial Nerve Defect—ALTP Flap + Vastus Lateralis Motor Nerve Branch
			27.3.1	 Treatment
			27.3.2	 Flap Choice
			27.3.3	 Disadvantages
		27.4	 Clinical Case 97: Cervicofacial Skin, Basilar Mandibulectomy and Marginal Mandibular Nerve Defect—Fibula Flap + Sural Nerve
			27.4.1	 Treatment
			27.4.2	 Flap Choice
			27.4.3	 Disadvantages
		27.5	 Clinical Case 98: Temporal Skin and Facial Nerve Defect—Thoracodorsal Perforator Flap + Thoracodorsal Nerve
			27.5.1	 Treatment
			27.5.2	 Flap Choice
			27.5.3	 Disadvantages
			27.5.4	 Evolution
			27.5.5	 Flap Choice
			27.5.6	 Disadvantages
		27.6	 CLINICAL CASE 99: Mandibular Skin and Marginal Mandibular Nerve Defect—ALTP Flap + Vastus Lateralis Motor Nerve Branch
			27.6.1	 Treatment
			27.6.2	 Flap Choice
			27.6.3	 Disadvantages
	28: Double Free Flap
		28.1	 Clinical Case 100: Tridimensional Cheek Defect—Forearm + Gracilis Flap
			28.1.1 Treatment
			28.1.2 Flap Choice
			28.1.3 Disadvantages
			28.1.4 Evolution
		28.2	 Clinical Case 101: Oral, Segmental Mandibulectomy and Skin Defect—Fibula + Chimeric ALTP Flap
			28.2.1 Treatment
			28.2.2 Flap Choice
			28.2.3 Evolution
			28.2.4 Disadvantages
		28.3	 Clinical Case 102: Osteoradionecrosis—Oral, Segmental Mandibulectomy, and Skin Defect—Fibula + Chimeric ALTP Flap
			28.3.1 Treatment
			28.3.2 Flap Choice
			28.3.3 Disadvantages
		28.4	 Clinical Case 103: Synchronic Tumor (Right Retromolar Defect and Left Floor of the Mouth Defect)—Fibula Flap + ALTP Flap
			28.4.1 Treatment
			28.4.2 Flap Choice
			28.4.3 Disadvantages
		28.5	 Clinical Case 104: Nasal Amputation and Cervicofacial Skin Defect—Forearm + Gracilis Flap
			28.5.1 Treatment
			28.5.2 Flap Choice
			28.5.3 Disadvantages
		28.6	 Clinical Case 105: Partial Pharynx and Skin Defect—ALTP + Deltopectoral Flap
			28.6.1 Treatment
			28.6.2 Flap Choice
			28.6.3 Disadvantages
			28.6.4 Progress
			28.6.5 Treatment
			28.6.6 Flap Choice
			28.6.7 Progress
			28.6.8 Treatment
			28.6.9 Flap Choice
			28.6.10 Evolution
			28.6.11 Biopsy Result
			28.6.12 Treatment
			28.6.13 Flap Choice
			28.6.14 Disadvantage
		28.7	 Clinical Case 106: Tridimensional Lower Lip Defect—Forearm + Gracilis Flap
			28.7.1 Treatment
			28.7.2 Flap Choice
			28.7.3 Disadvantages
		28.8	 Clinical Case 107: Tridimensional Lower Lip Defect—Forearm + Gracilis Flap
			28.8.1 Treatment
			28.8.2 Flap Choice
			28.8.3 Disadvantages
		28.9	 Clinical Case 108: Tridimensional Lower Lip Defect—Forearm + Gracilis Flap
			28.9.1 Treatment
			28.9.2 Flap Choice
			28.9.3 Disadvantages
Index