Happiness Across Cultures: Views of Happiness and Quality of Life in Non-Western Cultures

Introduction
Contents
About the Editors
Happiness in India
	Happiness in India
	The Wellbeing of India: Outside-In
	The Wellbeing of India: Inside-Out
	Cultural Issues
	Indian Cultural Happiness
		Affect
		Cognition
	Policy Issues and Conclusions
	References
Happiness and Wellbeing in the Dai Ethnic Minority in China: Some Observations
	References
Between Tradition and Modernity: Exploring the Differences in Factors Driving Happiness in Indigenous and the General Population in Bangladesh
	Introduction
	Data
	Methodology
	Results and Discussion
	SWB and Income
	SWB and Monetary Poverty
	SWB and Relative Income
	Concluding Remarks
	Appendix
	References
Subjective Wellbeing in Kazakhstan: Evidence from the Subnational Level
	Theoretical Explanations of Wellbeing
	Contextual Background
	Subjective Wellbeing Across Regions
	Subjective Wellbeing and Age
	Conclusion
	References
Singapore: A Happier State of Mind?
	Introduction and Context
		The Human Development Index
		The Index of Economic Freedom
		The Freedom in the World Report
	Measuring Happiness and Wellbeing
	A Closer Look at Happiness in Singapore
	Who Are the People That Are Happy in Singapore?
		Gender Dynamics in Wellbeing
		Marital Status and Wellbeing
		Age-Related Wellbeing Trends
		Education and Income Factors
	Values and Happiness
		Stability and Shifts in Personal Values
		The Underestimated Values of Excitement, Leisure, and Enjoyment
	Freedom and Democratic Rights
	Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic
	Concluding Thoughts
	References
Life Satisfaction among Driver-Partners in a Gig Economy: A Case Study from Vietnam
	Introduction
	Literature Review
		Flexible Time and Life Satisfaction
		Economic Benefits and Life Satisfaction
		Trust and Life Satisfaction
		Reciprocity and Life Satisfaction
		Sustainability and Life Satisfaction
	Data and Method
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	Appendix
	References
Happiness in a First People’s Community in New South Wales, Australia
	Introduction
	Murrin Bridge and Its People: Anthropological Approaches and Historical Background
	What It Means ‘to Be Well’ and ‘to Enjoy Life’ at Murrin Bridge
		Leonie
		Carl
	Discussion
	Final Thoughts
	References
Indigenous American Happiness
	Traditional Happiness Prior to Colonization
	To Bank on Traditional Happiness and Boost It
		Psychology and Indigenous American Happiness
	Implications and Future Directions
	Conclusions
	References
Happiness in the Amazon: Concepts and Everyday Causes of Happiness among the Tsimane’ Indigenous People in the Bolivian Amazon
	Introduction
	The Tsimane’
	Data and Methods
		Data Collection
		Data Analysis
	Results
		Tsimane’ Concept and Everyday Causes of Happiness
		Happiness of Tsimane’ Living Close to and Far from the Market Town
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
Person-Based Interpersonal Relations and Happiness in Latin America
	Introduction
	Interpersonal Relationships
		Interpersonal Relationships Matter
		Instrumentalization-Based Interpersonal Relationships
		Persons in Relations
		Person-Based Interpersonal Relationships
	Information About the Survey and Variables
		The Survey
		Main Variables
			Happiness Variable
			Income and Education Variables
			Construction of Relational Variables
	Person-Based Interpersonal Relationships and Happiness
		Correlation Between Happiness and Person-Based Interpersonal Relationships
		Happiness Situation by Relational Variable
	Final Comments
	References
Happiness from Here: Conceptions and Experience of Well-Being from Ghana
	Intersections of African and Psychology
		African Psychology as Cross-Cultural Psychology
		African Psychology as Indigenous Psychology
	African Psychology as Psychology from Here
	Theory from Here: What Insights Can African Settings Offer?
	Research from Here: Empirical Investigations
		Interviews with Local Experts
		Situations of Well-Being Change
		Routes to Well-Being
		Contextual Variation in Experience of Wellbeing: Pentecostal Charismatic Churches
	Centering Happiness from Here Towards the World
	References
Tribal Conceptions of Happiness and Wellbeing in Tanzania
	Introduction
	Findings and Discussion
		Happiness in Northern Tanzania
		Happiness in Western Tanzania
		Happiness in East Tanzania
		Happiness in Southern Tanzania
	Conclusion and Recommendation
	References
The Climatic Ecology and Geography of Happiness
	Climato-Economic Roots of Happiness
	Culturally Embedded Happiness
	Psychosocial Flourishing
	The Geography of Happiness
	The Future of Creating Happiness
	References
The Science of Happiness: A Cross-Cultural Perspective
	References
Does Happiness Differ Across Cultures?
	Introduction
		Concept of Happiness
		Questions
		Data Source
	Question 1: Do All Humans Appraise How Much They Like Their Lives?
		Affective Appraisal
		Cognitive Appraisal
		Overall Appraisal
	Question 2: Do Humans Appraise Life on the Same Grounds?
		Hedonic Level Depends on Gratification of Universal Needs
		Contentment Depends on Meeting Culturally Variable Wants
		Experience Dominates in Overall Evaluation of Life
			Theoretical Plausibility
			Empirical Indications
			Overall Happiness More Correlated to Affect than to Contentment
			Unfulfilled Aspirations
			Happy in Spite of Value-Reality Gap
			Happiness Drives Contentment
	Question 3: Are Conditions for Happiness Similar Across Cultures?
		Uniformity in Societal Requirements for Happiness
		Uniformity in Conditions for Happiness Within Nations
			Freedom
			Social Rank
			Marriage
			Personality
	Question 4: Are the Consequences of Happiness Similar Across Cultures?
		Happiness Fosters Functioning
		Happiness Lengthens Life
	Question 5: Do All Humans Seek Happiness?
		Happiness Is a Universal Human Striving, Though Not Innate
		Happiness Is Valued in Most Societies, Though Possibly Not in All
	Question 6: Do Humans Seek Happiness in a Similar Way?
		Variation in Philosophical Views
		Survey Research Shows Much Similarity
	Question 7: Are Humans About Equally Happy in All Cultures?
	Conclusion
	References
World Database of Happiness: Uses for Comparing Across Cultures
	What Is This World Database of Happiness?
		Aims
		Conceptual Focus of the Archive
			Selection of Publications
			Selection of Empirical Studies
		Basic Elements: Finding Pages
			Distributional Findings
			Correlational Finding
		Collections
			Bibliography of Happiness
			Measures of Happiness
			Distributional Findings
			Correlational Findings
		Reports
		Website
	Uses in Research Synthesis
		Overview of the Available Findings
		Preparation for Research Synthesis
		Presentation in Review Papers
			Example 1: Presentation of Research on Economic Growth and Happiness
			Example 2: Presentation of Research on Home-Ownership and Happiness
	Uses in Cross-Cultural Research
		Bibliography
		Measures of Happiness
		Distributional Findings
			Micro-level
			Macro-level
		Correlational Findings
			Cross-National Findings
			Cultural Correlates
			Specifications by Cultural Variables
		How to Add Your Findings
	References
The Complex Relationship Between Morality and Happiness Around the World
	Introduction
	Relevant Empirical Findings
		Countries Higher in Morality Are Less Happy
		Individuals Higher in Morality Are More Happy
	Explaining the Impact of Morality on the Happiness of Countries and Individuals
		Why Does Morality Decrease the Relative Happiness of Countries?
		Why Does Morality Increase the Relative Happiness of Citizens Within Countries?
	Implications
	References
The Pursuit of Well-Being in the Midst of Climate Change: Reflections from Mapuche Youth and the Embodiment of Küme Mongen
	Introduction
	Küme Mongen: The Journey of Being a Good Person
	The Constraints Imposed by Climate Change on Küme Mongen
	The Struggle to Restore Balance: A Way Back to the Küme Mongen
	Concluding Thoughts
	References
Unhappiness and Social Stress at Work: South American Research on Workplace Bullying and Harassment
	Concepts and Definitions in Use
	Concepts in Use in South America
	Theoretical Models in Bullying and Harassment Studies
	Method
	Results
		The Prevalence of Bullying and Harassment in South America
		Consequences and Outcomes of Workplace Bullying: Identifying Moderating Variables
		Populations Most Exposed to Workplace Bullying: The Case of Healthcare Workers
		Social Inequities and Power Imbalance
	Discussion
	Appendix
	References
The Wellbeing of LGBTQ+ Individuals in Israel: A Life Course and Sociocultural Perspective
	Introduction
	The Sociocultural Context of Israel and Its Relation to the Wellbeing of LGBTQ+ Individuals
	The Wellbeing of Israeli LGBTQ+ Parents
	The Wellbeing of Older Israeli LGBTQ+ Individuals
	Conclusions and Implications
	References
Migration and Happiness: Perspectives from Bhubaneswar’s Migrant Construction Workers
	Introduction
		Migration
		Migration and Happiness
		Migrant Construction Workers (MCWs) and Happiness
		Objectives
	Method
		Study Location
		Participants
		Measurement
		Procedure
		Data Analysis
	Results
		Quantitative Results
		Qualitative Findings
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
Happiness and Religion: The Islamic Context
	Introduction/Background
	Islamic Perspectives on Happiness
	Research from Southeast Asia
	Research from Europe
	Research from the Middle East
	Concluding Remarks
	References
The Effect of the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) Pandemic on the Happiness and Wellbeing on Some Countries in the Non-Western World
	Introduction
		Wellbeing and Happiness
	COVID-19 and Happiness and Wellbeing in Asia
	COVID-19 and Happiness and Wellbeing in Africa
	COVID-19 and Happiness and Wellbeing in the Middle East
	Conclusion
	References
Hospitality and Wellbeing Across Cultures
	Hospitality and Wellbeing Across Cultures
	Hospitality: A History
	The Psychology of Hospitality
	Findings on Hospitality and Wellbeing
	Cultural Issues
		Hospitality as Physical Space
		Hospitality Defined by the Specific Guest
		Hospitality as Prescribed Rituals
		Hospitality as a Cultural Attitude
	Conclusion
	References