Handbook of Print Media: Technologies and Production Methods

Cover U1......Page 1
14.7 International Conferences for the Graphic Arts Industry (Selection)......Page 0
Cover U4......Page 2
Title......Page 3
Impressum......Page 4
Preface......Page 5
Preface of the German Edition......Page 7
Authors and their Contributions......Page 11
Biography of the Editor......Page 13
Cover2......Page 14
Authors and Editor......Page 16
Table of Contents......Page 19
Preface......Page 27
01-a......Page 33
1.1.1 Print Media......Page 36
1.1.1.2 Magazines......Page 37
1.1.2 Electronic Media......Page 38
1.1.3 Multimedia......Page 39
1.1.4 Distribution and Market Volume......Page 40
1.1.5.1 Changes in the Traditional Printing Sector......Page 42
1.1.5.2 Integration of New Media......Page 43
References in 1.1.5......Page 45
1.2 Production of Print Media......Page 46
1.2.1.1 Type......Page 47
1.2.1.2 Typography......Page 51
1.2.1.3 Graphic Design......Page 55
1.2.2 Prepress......Page 56
1.2.3 Printing......Page 61
1.2.4 Postpress/Finishing......Page 65
1.2.5 Digital Production Equipment  in the Workflow......Page 67
1.2.6 Premedia......Page 70
Further Reading for 1.2.1......Page 71
1.3.1 Overview of Printing Technologies......Page 72
1.3.2 Printing Technologies with a Printing Master......Page 73
1.3.2.1 Letterpress/Flexographic Printing......Page 77
1.3.2.2 Gravure Printing......Page 80
1.3.2.3 Lithography/Offset Printing......Page 84
1.3.2.4 Screen Printing......Page 87
1.3.3 Printing Technologies without a Master (NIP Technologies......Page 90
1.3.3.1 Electrophotography......Page 92
1.3.3.2 Ink Jet......Page 95
1.3.3.3 Printing Systems based on Non-Impact Printing......Page 97
Further Reading for 1.3......Page 99
1.4.1 Color/Color Theory......Page 100
1.4.2 Color Image Composition......Page 111
1.4.3 Halftone Process/Screening......Page 122
1.4.4 Quality Control/Measurement Techniques......Page 131
1.4.4.1 Color Measurement......Page 132
1.4.4.2 Color Register......Page 140
1.4.4.3 Measurement of Gloss......Page 142
1.4.5.1 Characteristics of Surface Finishing......Page 143
1.4.5.2 Surface Finishing Techniques......Page 145
References in 1.4......Page 147
Further Reading......Page 148
1.5.1 Substrates......Page 149
1.5.2.1 Structure and Requirements......Page 162
1.5.2.3 Gravure Printing Inks......Page 169
1.5.2.6 Screen Printing Inks......Page 171
1.5.2.8 Inks for Non-Impact Printing Technologies......Page 172
1.5.3 Varnishes......Page 174
Further Reading for 1.5......Page 176
1.6.1 General Structure......Page 177
1.6.2.1 Sheet-fed Printing Presses......Page 182
1.6.2.2 Web-fed Printing Presses......Page 186
1.6.2.3 Packaging Printing Presses......Page 191
Further Reading for 1.6......Page 197
1.7.1 Physical Drying (Absorption)......Page 198
1.7.1.1 Infrared (IR) Drying......Page 201
1.7.1.2 Evaporative Drying......Page 202
1.7.1.3 Problems in Practical Operation......Page 204
1.7.2.2 UV Drying/Curing......Page 205
1.7.2.3 Electron Beam Drying/Curing (EBC)......Page 207
1.7.4 Measuring Techniques......Page 208
Further Reading for 1.7......Page 211
1.8 Products of Print Finishing......Page 212
1.9.1 Production Options and Business Models......Page 217
1.9.1.1 The Value-added Chain (Production Depth and Product Range)......Page 218
1.9.1.2 Financing and Distribution Models......Page 220
1.9.2.1 Lean Production and Lean Management......Page 222
1.9.2.2 Trackin......Page 224
1.9.2.3 Quality Assurance......Page 227
1.9.3.1 Material Flow......Page 229
1.9.3.2 Capacity Planning......Page 231
1.9.3.3 Personnel Deployment and Supply of Utilities......Page 232
References in 1.9.2......Page 234
02-a......Page 235
2.1.1.1 Process......Page 238
2.1.1.2 Printing Plates, Printing Ink, Dampening Solution......Page 241
2.1.1.3 Inking Unit, Dampening Unit, Printing Unit......Page 245
2.1.1.4 Print Quality......Page 255
2.1.2.1 Paper Travel......Page 258
2.1.2.2 Feeders......Page 261
2.1.2.3 Printing Units......Page 269
2.1.2.4 Sheet Reversal/Perfecting......Page 276
2.1.2.5 Delivery......Page 279
2.1.2.6 Drying......Page 283
2.1.2.7 Print Enhancement and In-line Finishing......Page 286
2.1.2.8 Press Architecture (Special Designs)......Page 289
2.1.3.1 Press and System Concepts (Components)......Page 292
2.1.3.2 Web Travel (Infeed and Further Processing)......Page 308
2.1.3.3 Printing Unit......Page 313
2.1.3.4 Folders and Print Product Variations......Page 318
2.1.3.5 Newspaper Printing......Page 324
2.1.4 Remote Control, Measurement and Control Technology/Systems......Page 329
2.1.4.1 Press Remote Control Systems......Page 330
2.1.4.2 Color Measurement and Control Systems......Page 332
2.1.4.3 Register Measurement and Control......Page 339
2.1.4.4 Inspection of the Printed Image......Page 340
2.1.4.5 In-line Print Quality Measurement and Control Systems......Page 344
2.1.4.6 The State of the Art in Remote Control, Measurement and Control Systems......Page 349
2.1.5 Automation in Print Media Production......Page 351
2.1.5.1 Wash-up Procedures......Page 352
2.1.5.2 Plate Changing......Page 353
2.1.5.3 Sheet Size and Paper Travel Adjustment......Page 355
2.1.5.4 Ink Feed Presetting in the Printing Unit......Page 357
2.1.5.5 Ink and Dampening Solution Supply......Page 360
2.1.5.6 Makeready for Print Production......Page 361
2.1.6.1 Sheet-fed Offset Printing Presses......Page 365
2.1.6.2 Web-fed Offset Printing Presses/Systems......Page 370
2.1.7.1 Print Quality......Page 386
2.1.7.2 Offset Printing Process......Page 387
2.1.7.3 Drying......Page 388
2.1.7.4 Automation......Page 389
Further Reading......Page 390
2.2.1.1 Gravure Cylinder Manufacture......Page 392
2.2.1.2 Gravure Cylinder Imaging......Page 395
2.2.1.3 Storage and Changing of Gravure Cylinders......Page 398
2.2.1.4 Impression Roller......Page 400
2.2.1.5 Inking Unit and Doctor Blade......Page 401
2.2.1.7 Circumferential and Lateral Register......Page 404
2.2.1.9 Gravure Printing Folders......Page 406
2.2.2 Examples of Gravure Printing Systems......Page 409
2.2.3 Gravure Printing in the Packaging Industry......Page 416
2.2.4 Potential for Further Development......Page 423
References in 2.2......Page 426
2.3.1 Basic Principles......Page 427
2.3.2 Letterpress Printing (Process and Applications)......Page 428
2.3.3.1 Process......Page 429
2.3.3.2 Printing Unit......Page 433
2.3.3.3 Examples of Flexographic Printing Presses......Page 436
2.3.4 Potential for Further Development......Page 439
Further Reading for 2.3......Page 440
2.4.1 Basic Principles/Process......Page 441
2.4.1.1 Platemaking......Page 442
2.4.1.2 Printing Process......Page 446
2.4.2.1 Screen Printing on Flat Surfaces......Page 448
2.4.3.1 Equipment and Machinery for Flat-bed Screen Printing......Page 449
2.4.3.3 Rotary Screen Printing Presses......Page 450
Further Reading for 2.4......Page 454
2.5.1.1 Bank Notes......Page 455
2.5.1.2 Postage Stamps, Stamps......Page 461
2.5.1.3 Documents......Page 464
2.5.2 Business Forms Printing......Page 465
2.5.3 Label Printing......Page 470
2.5.4 Pad Transfer Printing......Page 474
2.5.4.1 Printing Process......Page 475
2.5.4.2 Cliche Making......Page 477
2.5.4.4 Multicolor Pad Transfer Printing, Applications......Page 479
Further Reading for 2.5......Page 480
03......Page 481
3.1 Conventional Prepress......Page 484
3.1.1.1 Typesetting Procedure......Page 485
3.1.1.3 Text Input......Page 486
3.1.1.4 Word Processing and Typesetting......Page 488
3.1.2.1 Designs of Output Devices......Page 490
3.1.2.2 Requirements on Films......Page 492
3.1.3 Photomechanical Image Processing/Reproduction......Page 493
3.1.3.1 Use and Importance of Analog Reproduction......Page 494
3.1.3.2 Principles, Tasks of Photomechanical Reproduction......Page 496
3.1.3.4 Machines and Devices used in Reproduction Technology......Page 501
3.1.3.5 Production of Film Copies for Single-Color Printing......Page 506
3.1.3.6 Production of Film Copies for Multicolor Printing......Page 511
3.1.4 Electronic Reproduction Technology (Repro Scanner)......Page 514
3.1.5.1 Page Make-up......Page 517
3.1.5.2 Sheet Assembly......Page 519
3.1.6 Proofs/Test Print......Page 522
3.1.7.1 General Information......Page 525
3.1.7.2 Offset Printing......Page 526
3.1.7.3 Letterpress Printing, Flexography......Page 529
3.1.7.5 Screen Printing......Page 530
3.1.8 Color Management......Page 531
3.1.8.1 Processes for the Correction of Tone Values and Color Values......Page 532
3.1.8.2 Offset-Gravure Conversion......Page 533
Further Reading for 3.1......Page 534
3.2.1.1 Technological Capabilities and Workflows......Page 535
3.2.1.2 Digital Description of the Printed Page......Page 537
3.2.1.3 Digital Screening Processes......Page 540
3.2.2 Quality Requirements......Page 545
3.2.2.1 Input and Output Resolution......Page 546
3.2.2.2 Transferable Tonal Range......Page 548
3.2.2.3 Dot Shape......Page 549
3.2.2.4 Tone Value Influences in Printing......Page 550
3.2.2.6 Image-dependent Effects and Corrections......Page 551
3.2.3.1 Origins of Digital Photography......Page 552
3.2.3.2 Image Scanning with Digital Cameras......Page 553
3.2.3.3 Demands on the Resolution......Page 555
3.2.3.4 Special Features of Digital Cameras......Page 556
3.2.4 Digitizing Originals (Scanner)......Page 557
3.2.4.1 Scanner Designs and Models......Page 558
3.2.4.3 Flat-bed Scanners......Page 561
3.2.4.4 Digitizing and Redigitizing......Page 563
3.2.5 Sheet Assembly and Imposition......Page 564
3.2.5.2 Full-Sheet Output......Page 565
3.2.5.3 Imposition through Software......Page 566
3.2.5.4 Imposition Workflows......Page 569
3.2.6 Raster Image Processor (RIP)......Page 572
3.2.7 Storage Media......Page 577
3.2.8.1 Network Concepts and Components......Page 579
3.2.8.2 Working with Networks......Page 581
3.2.9 Data Formats......Page 582
3.2.10.2 Production of Color Profiles......Page 587
3.2.10.3 Structure of Color Profiles......Page 589
3.2.10.4 Connection of Color Profiles......Page 590
3.2.10.5 Rendering Intent......Page 592
3.2.10.6 Color Management and the Production of Proofs......Page 593
3.2.11 Digital Proof......Page 594
3.2.11.3 Hard Proof......Page 595
3.2.11.4 Color Management Concepts......Page 598
3.2.12.1 Computer to Film Systems......Page 602
3.2.12.3 Computer to Film and Computer to Plate in the Prepress Workflow......Page 605
Further Reading......Page 609
04......Page 611
4.1 Survey of the Technologies......Page 613
4.1.2 Computer to Plate......Page 615
4.1.3 Computer to Press (Direct Imaging and Computer to Print)......Page 616
4.1.4 The Use of Computer to … Technologies and Networking for the Production of Print Media......Page 620
References in 4.1......Page 624
4.2.1 Principles and Equipment......Page 625
4.2.2 Film Material......Page 626
Further Reading for 4.2......Page 628
4.3.1 Introduction......Page 629
4.3.2.1 Design Principles......Page 630
4.3.2.2 Imaging Methods and Plate Punching......Page 633
4.3.2.3 Computer to Plate Systems for Offset Printing......Page 636
4.3.3 Computer to Plate for Flexographic Printing......Page 640
4.3.5 Computer to Screen for Screen Printing......Page 643
4.3.6 Computer to Plate Workflow......Page 644
4.3.7 Rise in Quality as a Result of Computer to Plate......Page 646
4.3.8 Productivity and Economic Efficiency......Page 647
4.3.9 Printing Plates for Digital Imaging......Page 648
4.3.10 Trends in Computer to Plate......Page 655
References in 4.3......Page 657
Further Reading for 4.3......Page 658
4.4 Computer to Press/Direct Imaging......Page 659
4.4.1.1 Computer to Press/Direct Imaging Printing Systems......Page 660
4.4.1.2 Expansion and Comparison of Systems......Page 670
4.4.2 Computer to Press/Direct Imaging Printing Systems with Re-imageable Master......Page 673
4.4.2.1 Concepts for Re-imageable Masters with Material Application/Ablation......Page 675
4.4.2.2 Re-imageable Printing Plate Systems without Material Application......Page 684
Further Reading for 4.4......Page 688
4.5 Computer to Print......Page 689
4.5.1 Printing Systems based on Electrophotography......Page 690
4.5.2 Printing Systems based on Ionography, Magnetography, and Ink Jet......Page 696
4.5.3 Design Principles of Computer to Print Systems......Page 697
4.5.4 Digital Printing......Page 704
Further Reading for 4.5......Page 706
05......Page 707
5 Printing Technologies without a Printing Plate (NIP Technologies)......Page 708
5.1.1 Computer to Press/to Print Technology......Page 709
5.1.2 Non-Impact Printing Technologies (Overview)......Page 710
5.1.4 Digitally Controlled Image Creation in NIP Technologies......Page 711
5.1.5 System Concepts/Architecture of Computer to Print Systems......Page 713
5.1.6 Inks for Non-Impact Printing Processes......Page 717
5.1.7 Components for Computer to Print Systems......Page 719
Further Reading for 5.1......Page 720
5.2.1 Principle of Electrophotography......Page 721
5.2.2 Imaging Systems......Page 723
5.2.3 Inking Unit (Developing Unit)  and Toner......Page 724
5.2.4 Fixing and Cleaning......Page 728
5.2.5 Conception of the Printing Unit......Page 730
References......Page 732
5.3.1 Printing Unit......Page 733
5.3.2 Imaging System and the Principle of Ionography......Page 734
5.3.3 Printing Unit Concepts and Printing Systems based on Ionography......Page 735
5.4.1 Principle of Magnetography......Page 738
5.4.2 Imaging System for Magnetography......Page 740
5.4.3 Examples of Applications/Printing Systems......Page 741
5.5.1 Overview of Ink Jet Technologies and Processes......Page 743
5.5.2 Continuous Ink Jet......Page 746
5.5.3 Drop on Demand Ink Jet Technologies......Page 747
5.5.4 Structure of Ink Jet Arrays......Page 755
5.5.5 Printing Systems based on Ink Jet Technology for Multicolor Printing (Selection)......Page 757
Further Reading for 5.5......Page 762
5.6.1 Overview of Thermography  Technologies......Page 763
5.6.2 Thermal Transfer Printing Systems......Page 766
5.6.3 Thermal Sublimation Printing  Systems......Page 770
References......Page 773
5.7 Electrography......Page 774
References......Page 777
5.8 Photography......Page 778
Further Reading for 5.8......Page 780
5.9 “X”-Graphy......Page 781
5.9.1 TonerJet Printing Technology......Page 782
5.9.2 Elcography......Page 784
5.9.3 Direct Imaging Printing Technology......Page 786
5.9.4 Assessment of New Types  of NIP Technologies......Page 788
References......Page 789
06......Page 791
6 Hybrid Printing Systems......Page 792
6.1 Overview of Printing Methods and Technologies......Page 793
References......Page 794
6.2 Combination Variants of Hybrid Printing Systems......Page 795
References......Page 796
6.3.2 Hybrid Printing Systems combining NIP Technologies......Page 797
6.3.3 Hybrid Printing Systems combining Conventional and NIP Technologies......Page 798
6.3.4 Hybrid Printing Systems combining Computer to Press/Direct Imaging with NIP Technologies......Page 800
6.3.5 Hybrid Printing Systems combining Conventional Printing Technologies with Computer to Press Technologies......Page 801
References......Page 802
6.4 Hybrid Techniques for In-line and Off-line Print Production......Page 803
07......Page 804
7 Print Finishing Processes......Page 805
7.1 Classification of Print Finishing Processes......Page 806
References......Page 812
7.2.1.2 Cutting with Guillotine Cutters......Page 813
7.2.1.3 Cutting Webs......Page 820
7.2.1.4 Die-Cutting......Page 822
7.2.2.2 Folding with Folding Machines......Page 827
7.2.2.3 Folding Bookbinding Sheets......Page 837
7.2.3.1 Characterization of the Process......Page 842
7.2.3.2 Forwarding Process in Industrial Finishing......Page 843
7.2.4.2 Gathering......Page 847
7.2.4.3 Gathering into Single-layer Blocks......Page 852
7.2.5.1 Characterization of the Process......Page 856
7.2.5.2 Thread-Stitching Books......Page 857
7.2.5.3 Perfect Binding......Page 861
7.2.5.4 Thread-Sealing......Page 868
7.2.5.5 Wire-Stitching......Page 870
7.2.6.2 Trimming Book Blocks and Brochures......Page 873
7.2.7.1 Characterization of the Process......Page 875
7.2.7.2 Process Sections of Block Edge Treatments......Page 876
7.2.8.1 Characterization of the Process......Page 879
7.2.8.2 Producing Book Covers......Page 881
7.2.9.1 Characterization of the Process......Page 884
7.2.9.2 The Process Sections of Book Finishing......Page 886
7.2.10.1 Characterization of the Process......Page 888
7.2.10.2 Packaging of Books and Brochures......Page 889
Further Reading for 7.2......Page 892
7.3.1.1 Production Flow in Print Finishing......Page 893
7.3.1.2 Interlinking Modules in Print Finishing......Page 894
7.3.1.3 Temporary Storage of Folded Sheets......Page 898
7.3.2.1 Cutting Lines for Labels......Page 901
7.3.2.2 Production Lines for Mailings and Folded Products......Page 904
7.3.2.3 Newspaper Mailroom......Page 907
7.3.2.4 Mailroom for Magazines......Page 913
7.3.2.5 Binding Lines for Multi-layer Brochures......Page 917
7.3.2.6 Production Lines for Hardcovers......Page 918
7.3.2.7 Finishing Short Print Runs......Page 922
7.3.2.8 Bag Production Systems......Page 925
7.3.2.9 Folding Boxes......Page 928
Further Reading for 7.3......Page 932
08......Page 933
8 Material and Data Flow in Print Media Production......Page 934
8.1.1 Logistics around the Press......Page 935
8.1.1.1 Supply of Printing Plates......Page 936
8.1.1.2 Paper Reel Logistics......Page 938
8.1.1.3 Ink, Dampening Solution, and Air Supply......Page 940
8.1.1.5 Paper Pile Logistics for Sheet-fed Offset Presses......Page 941
8.1.2 Logistics in Printing Companies......Page 944
8.1.2.1 Procurement Logistics in Printing Companies......Page 945
8.1.2.2 Inventory Management in Printing Companies......Page 947
8.1.2.3 Production Logistics in Printing Companies......Page 948
8.1.3 Logistics in Publishing Houses......Page 950
Further Reading for 8.1.2 and 8.1.3......Page 952
8.2 Networking and Data Flow......Page 953
8.2.1 Network Concepts and Interfaces......Page 954
8.2.2.1 Digital Workflow in Prepress......Page 956
8.2.2.2 Digital Workflow and Digital Printing (Computer to Press)......Page 958
8.2.2.3 Digital Workflow: Advantages, Challenges, and Possibilities......Page 959
8.2.3 CIP3 for the Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) of Printed Products......Page 960
8.2.4.1 Purpose, Applications......Page 964
8.2.4.2 Production Monitoring Systems......Page 965
References......Page 966
09......Page 967
9 Production Strategies for Print Media......Page 968
9.1.1 Strategic Orientation of Printing Companies......Page 969
9.1.2.1 Centralized Production at One Site......Page 971
9.1.2.2 Distributed Production at Several Sites......Page 973
9.1.2.3 Integrated Production, Interlinking of Systems......Page 974
9.1.3 Print on Demand......Page 975
9.1.4 Personalization......Page 978
Further Reading for 9.1......Page 981
9.2 Production Systems......Page 982
10......Page 990
10 Comparison of Printing and Production Technologies for Print Media......Page 991
10.1 Introduction......Page 992
10.2 Overview of Methods and Technologies for the Production of Print Media......Page 994
10.3 Production Methods and Strategies......Page 998
10.4 Criteria for the Selection of Printing Technologies and Production Methods......Page 1002
10.5.1 Quality and Productivity/Run Length......Page 1004
10.5.3 Production Costs per Printed Page......Page 1005
10.5.4 Trends in Print Media Production......Page 1007
11......Page 1009
11 Electronic Media and Multimedia......Page 1010
11.1 Media Concepts......Page 1011
References......Page 1012
11.2.1 Text......Page 1013
11.2.3 Image......Page 1014
11.2.7 Virtual Reality (VR)......Page 1017
11.2.8 Augmented Reality......Page 1018
11.2.10 Document......Page 1019
References......Page 1020
11.3.3 CD-ROM and DVD-ROM......Page 1021
11.3.4 Magnetic Tapes......Page 1022
11.4.1 Internet......Page 1023
11.4.3 Broad Band Networks......Page 1024
References......Page 1025
11.5.2 Compression Processes for Image Data Files......Page 1026
11.5.4 Compression Processes for Video......Page 1027
References......Page 1028
11.6.1 Screen Output......Page 1029
11.6.3 Stereo Output......Page 1030
References......Page 1031
11.7 Multimedia Applications......Page 1032
12......Page 1033
12 Print Media  and Electronic Media......Page 1034
12.1 Examples of Print Media and Electronic Media......Page 1035
12.2 The Production of Print Media and Electronic Media......Page 1038
12.3.1 “Electronic” Books (E-Books)......Page 1041
12.3.2 “Electronic” Ink (E-Ink), “Electronic”  Paper (E-Paper)......Page 1043
References......Page 1047
12.4 Market Shares and Trends......Page 1048
13......Page 1055
13 Special Topics......Page 1056
13.1.1.1 Offset Printing and Offset Printing Presses......Page 1057
13.1.1.2 Gravure Printing and Gravure Printing Presses......Page 1060
13.1.1.3 Letterpress Printing and Letterpress Printing Presses......Page 1062
13.1.1.4 The Historical Relationship of the Printing Press Manufacturers......Page 1069
13.1.1.5 Prepress......Page 1071
13.1.2.1 The Printing Industry as an Employer......Page 1076
13.1.2.2 Educational Requirements and Options......Page 1077
13.1.2.3 Vocational Training......Page 1078
13.1.2.4 Course of Study......Page 1080
13.1.2.5 Scholarships for International Study Programs......Page 1084
13.1.2.6 Heidelberg Print Media Academy......Page 1085
13.1.3.1 Subjects, Methods, and Cooperations......Page 1087
13.1.3.2 Inking Units......Page 1088
13.1.3.3 Printing Units......Page 1091
13.1.3.4 Sheet Transfer......Page 1095
13.1.3.5 Industrial Joint Research......Page 1098
Further Reading......Page 1102
13.2.1.1 Introduction......Page 1104
13.2.1.2 Environmental Protection in Offset Printing......Page 1106
13.2.1.3 Environmental Protection in Gravure Printing......Page 1107
13.2.1.6 Environment-oriented Business Management......Page 1108
13.2.1.7 Legal Foundations......Page 1109
13.2.1.8 Support and Advice for Environment-relevant Measures......Page 1111
13.2.2.1 Health and Safety......Page 1112
13.2.2.2 International and European Directives (Laws) and Standards......Page 1113
13.2.2.3 Safety-conscious Design......Page 1114
13.2.2.4 Requirements for Separating Protective Devices......Page 1117
13.2.2.6 CE and GS Marks of Conformity......Page 1119
13.2.3 Industry Standards, Codes of Practice and National/International Standards......Page 1121
References......Page 1128
Further Reading......Page 1129
13.3.1 Newspaper Market......Page 1130
13.3.2 Magazine Market......Page 1133
13.3.3 Book Market......Page 1134
13.3.5 Advertising Printing Market......Page 1135
13.3.7 SOHO Market......Page 1136
References......Page 1138
14......Page 1140
14 Appendix......Page 1141
14.1.1 Glossary......Page 1142
14.1.2 Abbreviations and their Meaning (Selection)......Page 1152
14.1.3 Abbreviations for InformationSource References......Page 1155
Further Reading for 14.1.1......Page 1156
14.2.1 Quantities and Units in the SI-System (Selection)......Page 1157
14.2.2 Conversion between the SI-System and the Imperial System (Metric/Imperial)......Page 1160
14.3.1 List of References to Readings on the Chapters and Sections in this Handbook......Page 1161
14.3.2 Selected Literature on Print Media related Topics (General Bibliography and Individual Topics)......Page 1162
14.4.1 Prepress......Page 1164
14.4.2 Printing Inks......Page 1165
14.4.3 Substrates......Page 1166
14.4.5 Printing Technologies and Printing Presses......Page 1167
14.4.7 Quality, Quality Specifications, and Measurement Techniques......Page 1168
References in 14.4......Page 1170
14.5.1 Universities......Page 1172
14.5.2 Research Institutes and Research Centers......Page 1174
14.5.3 Institutions for Teaching/Training and Education......Page 1177
14.6.1 Associations and Organizations......Page 1180
14.6.2 Industrial Joint Research......Page 1193
14.7 International Conferences for the Graphic Arts Industry (Selection)......Page 1195
HDM_Lizenzen......Page 1197
Userinfo......Page 1201
index......Page 1202
15 Subject Index......Page 1203