Handbook of Endobronchial Ultrasound - Diagnosis and Interventions (Dec 29, 2024)_(981960530X)_(Springer)

Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
1: Introduction
2: Mediastinal Anatomy
	2.1	 Lymph Node Stations as Classified by International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) (Fig. 2.1)
	References
3: Instrument EBUS Scope
	3.1	 Newer Additions in Ultrasound Component
	3.2	 EBUS Probes
	References
4: Critical Aspects of Ultrasound in EBUS
	4.1	 Ultrasound Characteristics of Lymph Nodes in EBUS [1] (Gray Scale Mode)
	4.2	 Artifacts in EBUS
	References
5: Transbronchial Needle Aspiration
	5.1	 EBUS Needles (Fig. 5.1)
	5.2	 EBUS TBNA in Benign Adenopathy
	5.3	 Insertion of Conventional TBNA Needle Technique
		5.3.1	 EBUS TBNA Technique
		5.3.2	 Factors Affecting TBNA Yield
	References
6: Linear EBUS
	6.1	 Linear EBUS Procedure Proper
	6.2	 Rapid On-site Evaluation (ROSE) and Sampling
	References
7: Radial EBUS TBNA
	7.1	 Decision Plan for Use of Radial EBUS
	7.2	 Guide Sheath Preparation
	7.3	 Radial EBUS Procedure Proper
	References
8: Indication and Contraindication of EBUS TBNA
	8.1	 Indications
	8.2	 Contraindication
	References
9: Therapeutic Indications of EBUS
	9.1	 Therapeutic Indications
	References
10: Prerequisite and Preparation
	10.1	 Preprocedural Preparation
	10.2	 Anaesthesia in Endobronchial Ultrasound Guided TBNA
	References
11: Complications of EBUS TBNA
	11.1	 Infectious Complications [4–11]
	11.2	 Noninfectious Complications
	11.3	 Device Malfunctions [20, 21]
	References
12: EBUS Staging in Lung Cancer
	12.1	 Need for Lung Cancer Staging Using EBUS
	12.2	 Current Role of Mediastinoscopy in Lung Cancer Staging
	12.3	 Staging Using EBUS According to Clinical Lung Cancer Stage
	12.4	 Conclusion
	References
13: Tips and Tricks: EBUS TBNA
	13.1	 Choice of Sedation
	13.2	 Needle Size
	13.3	 Use of Suction and Stylet
	13.4	 Fanning
		13.4.1	 ProCore Needle
		13.4.2	 Number of Passes
	13.5	 Rapid On-Site Evaluation (ROSE)
	13.6	 Elastography
	13.7	 Summary
	References
14: Role of EUS and Mediastinoscopy
	References
15: Simulation for EBUS
	References
16: Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning in Endobronchial Ultrasound
	References
17: Guidelines for EBUS
	17.1	 Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Therapy and Pre-procedure Coagulation Testing
		17.1.1	 Antibiotic Prophylaxis
		17.1.2	 Sedation and Anesthesia
		17.1.3	 Oxygen Administration
		17.1.4	 Need for Flexible Bronchoscopic Examination Before EBUS
		17.1.5	 Route of Insertion
		17.1.6	 Sonographic Nodal Characteristics and Elastography
		17.1.7	 Endoscopic Ultrasound with Bronchoscope-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration (EUS-B-FNA)
		17.1.8	 Needle Characteristics
		17.1.9	 Use of Suction and Stylet
		17.1.10 Use of Balloon Over Ultrasound Probe
		17.1.11 Number of Needle Passes
		17.1.12 Number of Needle Agitations
		17.1.13 Prevention of Complications
		17.1.14 Cell Block Preparation
		17.1.15 Rapid On-Site Evaluation (ROSE)
		17.1.16 EBUS-TBNA for Non-nodal Pathologies
		17.1.17 Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transvascular Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TVNA) and Transbronchial Intravascular Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TIVNA)
		17.1.18 Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Intra-Nodal Forceps Biopsy (EBUS- IFB)
		17.1.19 Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Mediastinal Cryobiopsy
		17.1.20 EBUS-TBNA and EUS-B-FNA in Children
	References
Case Studies and Evaluation
Test Your Understanding
	References
Annexures