Hair in Infectious Disease: Recognition, Treatment, and Prevention

Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
Editors and Contributors
About the Editors
Contributors
1: Brief History of Microbiology
	1.1	 Mahavira’s Nigodas
	1.2	 Marcus Terentius Varro and the Roman Marshlands
	1.3	 The Golden Age of Islamic Civilization
	1.4	 Girolamo Fracastoro’s Seeds of Disease
	1.5	 Antonie van Leuwenhoek and the Invention of the Microscope
	1.6	 History of Medical Mycology: Johann Lukas Schönlein and David Gruby
	1.7	 Birth of Modern Bacteriology: Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur
	1.8	 Birth of Virology: Dmitri Ivanovsky and Martinus Beijerinck
	References
2: General Considerations on Infectious Diseases
	2.1	 Definition
	2.2	 Classification
	2.3	 Pathophysiology
	2.4	 Transmission
	2.5	 Epidemiology
	2.6	 Prevention
	References
3: Bacterial Diseases
	3.1	 Pyodermas
		3.1.1	 Superficial Folliculitis
		3.1.2	 Acne Necrotica
		3.1.3	 Pseudofolliculitis Barbae
		3.1.4	 Folliculitis Decalvans
		3.1.5	 Impetigo
		3.1.6	 Furuncle (Boil) and Carbuncle
	3.2	 Soft Tissue Infections
		3.2.1	 Cellulitis
		3.2.2	 Abscess
		3.2.3	 Necrotizing Fasciitis
		3.2.4	 Gas Gangrene
	3.3	 Gram-Negative Infections
		3.3.1	 Gram-Negative Folliculitis
		3.3.2	 Ecthyma Gangrenosum
	3.4	 Corynebacterial Infections
		3.4.1	 Trichobacteriosis Palmellina
		3.4.2	 Corynebacterium, Cutibacterium, Scalp, and Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
	3.5	 Tuberculosis
	3.6	 Leprosy
	3.7	 Actinomycosis
	3.8	 Hidradenitis Suppurativa
	References
4: Infectious Diseases of the Scalp Following Hair Transplantation
	4.1	 Microbial Factors
	4.2	 Host Factors
	4.3	 Procedure-Related Factors (Surgical Technique)
	4.4	 Infections After Autologous Hair Transplantation
		4.4.1	 Infections in the Donor Area
		4.4.2	 Infections in the Recipient Area
		4.4.3	 Folliculitis Decalvans
		4.4.4	 Deeper Infections After Hair Transplantation Surgery
	4.5	 Infections After Artificial/Synthetic Hair Implantation
	References
5: Fungal Diseases of the Hair and Scalp
	5.1	 Dermatophytes
	5.2	 Yeasts
		5.2.1	 Candida
		5.2.2	 Pityrosporum
	5.3	 Molds
		5.3.1	 Penicillium spp.
		5.3.2	 Aspergillus spp.
		5.3.3	 Mucormycosis
	5.4	 Dimorphic Fungi
	5.5	 Piedra
		5.5.1	 White Piedra
		5.5.2	 Black Piedra
	References
6: Tropical Diseases
	6.1	 Leishmaniasis
	6.2	 South American Blastomycosis/Paracoccidioidomycosis
	6.3	 African Trypanosomiasis
	6.4	 Endemic Treponematoses
	References
7: Viral Diseases of the Hair and Scalp
	7.1	 Varicella/Zoster
	7.2	 Herpes Simplex
	7.3	 Cytomegalovirus
	7.4	 Human Papilloma Virus and Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus
	7.5	 Molluscum Contagiosum and Other Poxviruses
	7.6	 Trichodysplasia Spinulosa
	7.7	 Common Latent Viruses, Microcompetition, Androgenetic Alopecia, and the Aging Phenotype
	References
8: Parasitic Diseases and Infestations of the Hair and Scalp
	8.1	 Lice
		8.1.1	 Head Lice
		8.1.2	 Crab Lice
	8.2	 Scabies
	8.3	 Demodex
	8.4	 Tick
	8.5	 Furunculoid Myiasis
	8.6	 Cutaneous Larva Migrans
	References
9: Delusional Infestation
	9.1	 Delusion of Parasitosis (Ekbom’s Disease)
	9.2	 Morgellons Disease
	References
10: The Hair and Scalp in Systemic Infectious Disease
	10.1	 Syphilis
	10.2	 Human Immunodeficiency Virus
	10.3	 HTLV-1
	10.4	 Dengue Fever
	10.5	 Chikungunya
	10.6	 Zika
	10.7	 COVID-19
		10.7.1	 Androgenetic Alopecia in COVID-19
		10.7.2	 Post-COVID-19 Effluvium
		10.7.3	 Long COVID-19
		10.7.4	 Post-COVID-19 Vaccination Effluvium
		10.7.5	 Alopecia Areata
	10.8	 Impact of Climate Change on the Communicable Diseases
	References
11: Diagnostic Techniques
	11.1	 Patient History
	11.2	 Clinical Examination
	11.3	 Dermoscopy
	11.4	 Microscopic Examination
	11.5	 Trichogram
	11.6	 Histopathology
	11.7	 Wood Light Examination
	11.8	 Microbiological Studies
	11.9	 Blood Tests
	11.10	 Imaging
	References
Concluding Remarks
References
Index