Guide to Reference and Standard Atmosphere Models

Foreword......Page 6
COSPAR International Reference Atmosphere (CIRA)......Page 10
New Reference Middle Atmosphere Program Model Atmosphere......Page 13
ISO Reference Atmospheres for Aerospace Use, 1982......Page 15
ISO Standard Atmosphere, 1975......Page 18
NASA GSFC Monthly Mean Global Climatology of Temperature, Wind, Geopotential Height and Pressure for 0-120 KM, 1988......Page 20
NASA/MSFC Global Reference Atmosphere Model (GRAM-99), 1999......Page 23
U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1962......Page 27
U.S. Standard Atmosphere Supplements, 1966......Page 29
U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1976......Page 31
Proposed International Tropical Reference Atmosphere, 1987......Page 34
Reference Atmosphere for Indian Equatorial Zone from Surface to 80 KM, 1985......Page 36
Reference Model of the Middle Atmosphere of the Southern Hemisphere, 1987......Page 38
AFGL Atmospheric Constituent Profiles (0-120 Km), 1986......Page 40
AFGL Extreme Envelopes of Climatic Elements Up to 80 KM, 1973......Page 43
AFGL Profiles of Temperature and Density Based on 1- and 10- Percent Extremes in the Stratosphere and Troposphere, 1984......Page 45
A Global Reference Atmosphere from 18 to 80 Km, 1985......Page 47
Extensions to the CIRA Reference Models for Middle Atmosphere Ozone, 1993......Page 49
Update to the Stratospheric Nitric Acid Reference Atmosphere, 1998......Page 50
Earth's Upper Atmosphere Density Model for Ballistics Support of Flights of Artificial Earth Satellites, 1985......Page 51
Jacchia J70 Static Models of the Thermosphere and Exosphere with Empirical Temperature Profiles, 1970......Page 53
Jacchia J71 Revised Static Models of the Thermosphere and Exosphere with Empirical Temperature Profiles, 1971......Page 55
Jacchia J77 Thermospheric Temperature, Density, and Composition:  New Models, 1977......Page 57
Model  of Atmospheric Structure, 70 to 130 Km, 1987......Page 59
NRLMSISE-00 Thermospheric Model, 2000......Page 61
U.S. Air Force High Accuracy Satellite Drag Model, 2002......Page 64
NASA Marshall Engineering Thermosphere Model, Version 2.0 (MET-V2.0), 2002......Page 68
Range Reference Atmosphere, (RRA), 2001......Page 70
A Reference Atmosphere for Edwards AFB, California, Annual, 1975......Page 74
Hot and Cold Reference Atmospheres for Edwards AFB, California, Annual, 1975......Page 76
Hot and Cold Reference Atmospheres for Kennedy Space Center, Florida, Annual, 1971......Page 78
A Reference Atmosphere for Patrick AFB, Florida, Annual, 1963......Page 80
A Reference Atmosphere for Vandenberg AFB, California, Annual, 1971......Page 82
Hot and Cold Reference Atmospheres for Vandenberg AFB, California, 1973......Page 83
NASA/MSFC Mars Global Reference Atmospheric Model (Mars-GRAM), 2001......Page 85
NASA/MSFC Neptune Global Reference Atmosphere Model (Neptune-GRAM), 2003......Page 88
NASA/MSFC Titan Global Reference Atmosphere Model (Titan-GRAM), 2003......Page 90
The Venus International Reference Atmosphere (VIRA) Structure and Composition, Surface to 3500 Km, 1985......Page 92
Acronyms......Page 94
Index of Authors......Page 96
Index of Sponsoring Institutions......Page 99