Gross Anatomy, 7th Edition (Board Review Series)

Gross Anatomy, Seventh Edition......Page 1
Half Title Page......Page 3
Title Page......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Dedication......Page 7
Preface......Page 9
Acknowledgments......Page 12
Contents......Page 13
I. BONES......Page 17
II. JOINTS......Page 18
I. MUSCLE......Page 20
I. NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 21
II. NEURONS......Page 22
IV. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 23
V. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 25
I. VASCULAR SYSTEM......Page 26
I. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM......Page 28
IV. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM......Page 29
VI. INTEGUMENTARY......Page 30
Review Test......Page 31
Answers and Explanations......Page 33
I. BONES OF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE (Figure 2-1)......Page 35
II. BONES OF THE ARM AND FOREARM......Page 37
III. BONES THE HAND......Page 39
IV. JOINTS AND LIGAMENTS OF THE UPPER LIMB (See Figures 2-1 to 2-3)......Page 40
I. CUTANEOUS NERVES OF THE UPPER LIMB (Figure 2-4)......Page 43
II. SUPERFICIAL VEINS OF THE UPPER LIMB (Figure 2-5)......Page 45
I. FASCIAE OF THE AXILLA AND PECTORAL REGIONS......Page 46
II. AXILLA (ARMPIT)......Page 47
III. BREAST AND MAMMARY GLAND (Figure 2-10)......Page 50
I. MUSCLES OF THE PECTORAL REGION AND AXILLA (Figure 2-11; Table 2-1)......Page 52
II. MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER REGION (See Figure 2-12; Table 2-2)......Page 53
III. MUSCLES OF THE ARM AND FOREARM (Tables 2-3 to 2-5)......Page 54
IV. MUSCLES OF THE HAND (Figures 2-7 and 2-14; Table 2-6)......Page 58
I. BRACHIAL PLEXUS (See Figure 2-7)......Page 63
II. NERVES OF THE ARM, FOREARM, AND HAND (Figures 2-18 and 2-19)......Page 65
III. FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVES......Page 68
I. BRANCHES OF THE SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY (Figure 2-8)......Page 69
II. AXILLARY ARTERY (See Figures 2-8 and 2-9)......Page 70
IV. RADIAL ARTERY (See Figures 2-8, 2-9, and 2-20)......Page 71
V. ULNAR ARTERY (See Figures 2-8, 2-9, and 2-20)......Page 73
VI. VEINS OF THE UPPER LIMB (See Figure 2-4)......Page 74
Summary......Page 75
Review Test......Page 79
Answers and Explanations......Page 89
I. HIP (COXAL) BONE (Figures 3-1 and 3-2)......Page 96
II. BONES OF THE THIGH AND LEG (Figures 3-2 and 3-3)......Page 98
III. BONES OF THE ANKLE AND FOOT (Figures 3-2, 3-4, 3-5, and 3-6)......Page 100
I. HIP (COXAL) JOINT (Figures 3-2, 3-3, and 3-7)......Page 102
II. KNEE JOINT (Figures 3-9 and 3-10; see also Figure 3-2)......Page 104
IV. ANKLE (TALOCRURAL) JOINT (Figures 3-2 and 3-11)......Page 108
I. CUTANEOUS NERVES OF THE LOWER LIMB (Figure 3-12)......Page 109
II. SUPERFICIAL VEINS OF THE LOWER LIMB......Page 111
III. LYMPHATICS OF THE LOWER LIMB......Page 112
I. MUSCLES OF THE GLUTEAL REGION (Table 3-1)......Page 113
II. POSTERIOR MUSCLES OF THE THIGH (Table 3-2)......Page 114
III. MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR AND MEDIAL THIGH (Tables 3-3 and 3-4)......Page 115
IV. ANTERIOR AND LATERAL MUSCLES OF THE LEG (Table 3-5)......Page 117
VI. MUSCLES OF THE FOOT (Table 3-7)......Page 118
I. BRANCHES OF THE LUMBAR AND SACRAL PLEXUSES (Figure 3-14)......Page 122
I. ARTERIES OF THE LOWER LIMB (Figures 3-15 and 3-16)......Page 126
II. DEEP VEINS OF THE LOWER LIMB......Page 130
Summary......Page 131
Review Test......Page 134
Answers and Explanations......Page 142
I. SKELETON OF THE THORAX (Figure 4-1)......Page 148
II. ARTICULATIONS OF THE THORAX (See Figure 4-1)......Page 150
V. NERVES AND BLOOD VESSELS OF THE THORACIC WALL......Page 151
VII. THYMUS......Page 152
I. MEDIASTINUM (Figure 4-2)......Page 153
II. TRACHEA AND BRONCHI (Figure 4-3)......Page 154
III. PLEURAE AND PLEURAL CAVITIES (Figures 4-4 and 4-5)......Page 155
IV. LUNGS (See Figure 4-3)......Page 157
V. RESPIRATION......Page 159
VII. BLOOD VESSELS OF THE LUNG (Figure 4-7)......Page 160
VIII. NERVE SUPPLY TO THE LUNG......Page 162
IX. DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM......Page 163
I. PERICARDIUM......Page 164
II. HEART (Figures 4-8 to 4-10)......Page 165
IV. DEVELOPMENT OF THE HEART (Figure 4-14)......Page 174
V. DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARTERIAL SYSTEM......Page 176
VII. FETAL CIRCULATION (Figure 4-15)......Page 177
II. BLOOD VESSELS AND LYMPHATIC VESSELS (See Figures 4-16 and 4-17)......Page 179
III. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IN THE THORAX (Figure 4-19......Page 182
Summary......Page 185
Review Test......Page 188
Answers and Explanations......Page 195
I. ABDOMEN (Figure 5-1)......Page 200
III. FASCIAE AND LIGAMENTS OF THE ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL......Page 201
IV. INGUINAL REGION......Page 203
VI. INNER SURFACE OF THE ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL (Figure 5-4)......Page 205
IX. BLOOD VESSELS OF THE ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL......Page 207
II. PERITONEAL REFLECTIONS (Figure 5-5)......Page 208
I. ESOPHAGUS (ABDOMINAL PORTION)......Page 211
II. STOMACH (Figures 5-6 and 5-7; See Figure 5-20)......Page 212
III. SMALL INTESTINE (See Figures 5-6, 5-7, and 5-20)......Page 214
IV. LARGE INTESTINE (See Figures 5-13 and 5-20)......Page 215
V. ACCESSORY ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM......Page 216
VI. SPLEEN (See Figures 5-6 and 5-20)......Page 221
VII. DEVELOPMENT OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (Figure 5-11)......Page 222
VIII. CELIAC AND MESENTERIC ARTERIES......Page 224
IX. HEPATIC PORTAL VENOUS SYSTEM......Page 227
I. KIDNEY, URETER, AND SUPRARENAL GLAND......Page 229
III. POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL BLOOD VESSELS AND LYMPHATICS......Page 233
IV. NERVES OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL......Page 235
V. THE DIAPHRAGM AND ITS OPENINGS......Page 238
VI. MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL (Table 5-2)......Page 240
Summary......Page 241
Review Test......Page 246
Answers and Explanations......Page 254
II. UROGENITAL TRIANGLE (Figures 6-1 and 6-2)......Page 260
III. ANAL TRIANGLE......Page 264
IV. EXTERNAL GENITALIA AND ASSOCIATED STRUCTURES......Page 265
V. NERVE SUPPLY OF THE PERINEAL REGION (Figure 6-7)......Page 268
VI. BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE PERINEAL REGION (See Figure 6-7)......Page 269
I. BONY PELVIS (Figures 6-9 to 6-11)......Page 271
III. PELVIC DIAPHRAGM (See Figure 6-5)......Page 273
IV. LIGAMENTS OR FOLDS AND POUCHES OF THE PELVIS......Page 274
V. URETER AND URINARY BLADDER (Figures 6-14 to 6-16)......Page 276
VI. MALE GENITAL ORGANS (Figures 6-17 and 6-18; See Figures 6-14 and 6-15)......Page 279
VII. FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS (Figure 6-19; See Figures 6-13 and 6-16)......Page 283
VIII. RECTUM AND ANAL CANAL......Page 287
IX. BLOOD VESSELS OF THE PELVIS (Figure 6-20)......Page 288
X. NERVE SUPPLY TO THE PELVIS......Page 291
XI. DEVELOPMENT OF THE LOWER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND URINARY ORGANS (Figure 6-21)......Page 292
XII. DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (See Figure 6-21)......Page 294
Summary......Page 295
Review Test......Page 299
Answers and Explanations......Page 306
I. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Figures 7-1 and 7-3)......Page 312
II. TYPICAL VERTEBRA (Figure 7-3)......Page 313
III. INTERVERTEBRAL DISKS (See Figure 7-2)......Page 316
IV. REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VERTEBRAE (See Figure 7-3)......Page 317
V. LIGAMENTS OF THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN (Figure 7-7)......Page 318
VI. VERTEBRAL VENOUS SYSTEM......Page 319
I. SUPERFICIAL TISSUES......Page 320
II. DEEP TISSUES......Page 322
III. SUBOCCIPITAL AREA (Figure 7-9)......Page 323
I. SPINAL CORD (Figure 7-9; See Figure 7-2)......Page 325
III. MENINGES (See Figures 7-2 and 7-9)......Page 326
IV. STRUCTURES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SPINAL CORD......Page 327
VI. DEVELOPMENT OF BACK STRUCTURES......Page 328
Summary......Page 331
Review Test......Page 333
Answers and Explanations......Page 337
I. MAJOR DIVISIONS AND BONES (Figure 8-1)......Page 341
III. NERVES (Figures 8-3 and 8-4)......Page 342
IV. BLOOD VESSELS (Figure 8-5)......Page 346
V. LYMPHATICS......Page 351
I. DEEP STRUCTURES OF THE NECK (See Figure 8-7)......Page 352
II. DEEP CERVICAL FASCIAE (Figure 8-8)......Page 355
III. PREVERTEBRAL OR DEEP NECK MUSCLES (Table 8-2)......Page 356
II. NERVE SUPPLY TO THE FACE AND SCALP (Figures 8-10 and 8-11)......Page 357
III. BLOOD VESSELS OF THE FACE AND SCALP (Figures 8-13 and 8-14)......Page 361
IV. SCALP......Page 363
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 364
II. MUSCLES OF MASTICATION (Figure 8-19; Table 8-4)......Page 366
III. NERVES OF THE INFRATEMPORAL REGION (See Figure 8-19)......Page 367
IV. BLOOD VESSELS OF THE INFRATEMPORAL REGION (See Figure 8-19)......Page 368
V. PAROTID GLAND......Page 369
I. SKULL (Figures 8-21 and 8-22; See Figure 8-17)......Page 371
III. SUTURES OF THE SKULL......Page 373
IV. FORAMINA IN THE SKULL (Figures 8-23 and 8-24)......Page 374
V. STRUCTURES IN THE CRANIAL FOSSAE (See Figure 8-24)......Page 376
VI. MENINGES OF THE BRAIN (Figure 8-25)......Page 377
VII. CRANIAL VENOUS CHANNELS (Figure 8-26; See Figure 8-20)......Page 379
VIII. BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE BRAIN (Figure 8-27)......Page 380
I. CRANIAL NERVES (Figure 8-29; Table 8-5)......Page 382
II. PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA AND ASSOCIATED AUTONOMIC NERVES (Figure 8-31; Table 8-6)......Page 392
I. BONY ORBIT (Figure 8-32)......Page 394
II. NERVES (Figures 8-33 to 8-35)......Page 396
III. BLOOD VESSELS (See Figure 8-34)......Page 398
IV. MUSCLES OF EYE MOVEMENT (Figures 8-37 and 8-38; Table 8-7; See Figure 8-35)......Page 400
V. LACRIMAL APPARATUS (Figure 8-40)......Page 402
VI. EYEBALL (Figure 8-41; See Figure 8-35)......Page 403
VII. DEVELOPMENT OF THE EYE......Page 406
II. PALATE (Figure 8-43)......Page 407
III. TONGUE (Figure 8-44; See Figure 8-43)......Page 408
IV. TEETH AND GUMS (GINGIVAE)......Page 410
V. SALIVARY GLANDS (See Figure 8-45)......Page 411
I. PHARYNX (Figure 8-46; See Figure 8-43)......Page 413
II. SUBDIVISIONS OF THE PHARYNX......Page 414
IV. MUSCLES OF THE PHARYNX (Figures 8-48 and 8-49; Table 8-10)......Page 415
V. SWALLOWING (DEGLUTITION)......Page 416
VI. TONSILS......Page 417
VIII. PHARYNGEAL (BRANCHIAL) APPARATUS......Page 418
I. NASAL CAVITY (Figure 8-50; See Figure 8-43)......Page 419
III. BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE NASAL CAVITY......Page 421
V. PARANASAL SINUSES (Figure 8-51; See Figures 8-35 and 8-43)......Page 422
VI. DEVELOPMENT OF THE NASAL CAVITY......Page 423
II. CONTENTS......Page 424
II. CARTILAGES (Figure 8-52)......Page 426
III. LIGAMENTS OF THE LARYNX......Page 427
IV. CAVITIES AND FOLDS (Figure 8-53)......Page 428
VI. INNERVATION (Figure 8-55)......Page 429
I. EXTERNAL EAR (Figure 8-56)......Page 431
II. MIDDLE EAR (Figures 8-57 and 8-58)......Page 433
IV. DEVELOPMENT OF THE EAR......Page 436
Summary......Page 437
Review Test......Page 443
Answers and Explanations......Page 454
Comprehensive Examination......Page 463
Answers and Explanations......Page 476
Index......Page 485